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SNECMA 14R

{{Short description|Radial piston aircraft engine}}

{{Infobox aircraft begin

| name = SNECMA 14R

| image = File:Gnome et Rhône 14R 04-05 - Musée Safran 07.jpg

| caption =

}}

{{Infobox aircraft engine

|type=14 cylinder two-row air-cooled radial piston engine

|manufacturer=Gnome-Rhône / SNECMA

|national origin=France

|first run=

|major applications= Breguet Br 500 Colmar

|number built =

|program cost =

|unit cost =

|developed from =Gnome-Rhône 14N

|variants with their own articles =

|developed into =

}}

The SNECMA 14R was a 14-cylinder two-row air-cooled radial engine developed in France just prior to the start of World War II from the Gnome-Rhône 14N. The 14N radial engine was itself an improved version of the popular pre-war Gnome-Rhône 14K Mistral Major series; designed and manufactured by Gnome et Rhône, a major French aircraft engine manufacturer whose origins pre-date the First World War.

The improved 14R was initially known as the Gnome-Rhône 14P and then the Gnome-Rhône 14R. There were several improvements such as the introduction of a longer crankshaft and crankcase with a centre bearing, an increase in cylinder capacity, and a two-speed compressor. These changes allowed the engine to deliver 1,400hp at take-off and 1,300hp at 1,500m (1st gear) and 1200hp at 4000m (2nd gear). This came at the cost of a much increased total weight. It was expected that further development, such as the introduction of higher grade fuels, would lead to a power output of 1,660hp at low altitude.

With the Fall of France, engine development was stopped under the occupation. After the war, development recommenced; however production of this engine after 1945 was transferred to the newly formed SNECMA and the engine was renamed the SNECMA 14R.

Variants

;14R-04:Improved higher performance using 92 Octane fuel. 14N with 2-speed supercharge (6.5:1 and 9:1), LH rotation, {{convert|1590|hp|kW|abbr=on|disp=flip}} for take-off.

;14R-05:RH rotation version of 14R-4.

;14R-08:RPM increased from 2,400 to 2,600 improving power output. LH rotation.

;14R-09:RH rotation version of 14R-08

;14R-24:LH rotation, {{convert|1600|hp|kW|abbr=on|disp=flip}}.

;14R-25:RH rotation version of 14R-24.

;14R-26:LH rotation, {{convert|1600|hp|kW|abbr=on|disp=flip}}.

;14R-27:RH rotation version of 14R-26.

;14R-28:LH rotation, {{convert|1600|hp|kW|abbr=on|disp=flip}}.

;14R-29:RH rotation version of 14R-28.

;14R-32:LH rotation

;14R-100:

;14R-200:LH rotation

;14R-201:RH rotation

;14R-210:

;28T-1:28 cylinder, double 14R-24 engines placed back-to-back with co-axial contra-rotating propeller shafts, direct fuel injection, 2-speed supercharger, {{convert|77.4|L|cuin|abbr=on}} displacement, delivering {{convert|3200|hp|kW|abbr=on|disp=flip}} for take-off using 100/130 octane fuel.{{cite book |last=Wilkinson |first=Paul H. |title=Aircraft engines of the World 1946 |year=1946 |publisher=Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons Ltd. |location=London |edition=4th}}

Applications

{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|}}

Specifications (14R-04)

{{pistonspecs|

|ref={{cite book |last=Wilkinson |first=Paul H. |title=Aircraft engines of the World 1945 |year=1945 |publisher=Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons Ltd. |location=London |edition=3rd}}

|type=14 cylinder two-row air-cooled radial piston engine

|bore={{convert|146|mm|in|abbr=on|2}}

|stroke={{convert|165|mm|in|abbr=on|2}}

|displacement={{convert|38.7|L|cuin|abbr=on|2}}

|length={{convert|1635|mm|in|abbr=on|2}}

|diameter={{convert|1297|mm|in|abbr=on|2}}

|width=

|height=

|weight={{convert|819|kg|lb|abbr=on}}

|valvetrain=Single inlet and exhaust valves operated by rockers and pushrods

|supercharger=Gear-driven 2-speed supercharger at 6.5:1 and 9.0:1 ratios

|turbocharger=

|fuelsystem=1x Bronzavia updraught carburettor with automatic boost and altitude control

|fueltype=92 Octane gasoline

|oilsystem=Pressure fed at {{convert|70|psi|kPa|abbr=on|disp=flip}}

|coolingsystem=Air-cooled with baffles

|power=

  • Take-off:{{convert|1590|hp|kW|abbr=on}} at 2,600 rpm at {{convert|1180|mm|in|abbr=on|2}} Hg boost with 100 octane fuel
  • Military, low:{{convert|1660|hp|kW|abbr=on}} at 2,600 rpm at {{convert|1000|m|ft|abbr=on}}
  • Military, high:{{convert|1580|hp|kW|abbr=on}} at 2,600 rpm at {{convert|5500|m|ft|abbr=on}}
  • Normal, low:{{convert|1320|hp|kW|abbr=on}} at 2,400 rpm at {{convert|2100|m|ft|abbr=on}}
  • Normal, high:{{convert|1230|hp|kW|abbr=on}} at 2,400 rpm at {{convert|6000|m|ft|abbr=on}}

|specpower= 31.85 kW/L (0.7 hp/cu.in)

|compression=6.8:1

|fuelcon=

|specfuelcon= 0.292 kg/kW/hr (0.48 lb/hp/hr)

|oilcon= 0.0067 kg/kW/hr (0.011 lb/hp/hr)

|power/weight= 1.494 kW/kg (0.909• hp/lb)

  • B.M.E.P.: {{convert|213|psi|kPa|abbr=on|disp=flip}}

|designer=

|reduction_gear=Planetary / epicyclic bevel reduction gearing at 0.67:1 ratio

|general_other=Frontal Area: {{convert|1.33|m2|sqft|abbr=on|1}}

|components_other=Starter: Air equipment electric inertia starter

  • Ignition: 2 x R.B. magnetos, 2 x {{convert|18|mm|in|abbr=on|2}} short reach spark plugs per cylinder fed by a shielded ignition harness.

|performance_other=14R-05 propeller rotates in opposite direction

}}

See also

{{aircontent

|see also=

|related=

|similar aircraft=

|lists=

|similar engines=

}}

References

{{Commons category|Gnome et Rhône 14R}}

{{reflist}}

{{Gnome-Rhône aeroengines}}

{{Snecma aeroengines}}

Category:1930s aircraft piston engines

Category:Aircraft air-cooled radial piston engines

14R

14R