SRM Engine Suite

The software has been applied to simulate almost all engine applications and all transportation fuel combinations with many examples{{Cite web|url=http://www.cmclinnovations.com/user-stories/|title=User Stories {{!}} CMCL Innovations|website=www.cmclinnovations.com|language=en-GB|access-date=2017-02-14}} published in numerous leading peer-reviewed journals, a brief summary of these articles is presented here.{{Cite journal | author = Coble| year = 2011 | title = Implementing Detailed Chemistry and In-Cylinder Stratification into 0/1-D IC Engine Cycle Simulation Tools | journal = SAE Technical Paper | volume = 1 | id = SAE 2011-01-0849 | doi= 10.4271/2011-01-0849| url = http://papers.sae.org/2011-01-0849 |display-authors=etal| series = SAE Technical Paper Series | url-access = subscription}}

1. Spark ignition combustion mode: Sub-models to simulate Direct Injection Spark Ignition engines for regular flame propagation events,{{Cite journal | author = Etheridge| year = 2011 | title = Modelling cycle to cycle variations in an SI engine with detailed chemical kinetics | journal = Combustion and Flame | volume = 158 | issue = 1 | pages = 179–188 | doi = 10.1016/j.combustflame.2010.08.006 | bibcode = 2011CoFl..158..179E |display-authors=etal}} PM{{Cite journal | author = Etheridge| year = 2011 | title = Modelling soot formation in a DISI engine | journal = Proceedings of the Combustion Institute | volume = 33 | issue = 2 | pages = 3159–3167 | doi = 10.1016/j.proci.2010.07.039| bibcode = 2011PComI..33.3159E |display-authors=etal}} and NOx exhaust gas emissions. Further analysis of knocking {{cite web|url=http://www.cmclinnovations.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/cmcl_user_story_22_Classic_SI_Knock.pdf|title=The impact of fuel properties on "knocking" combustion in boosted spark ignition engines|last=|first=|year=2012|website=|publisher=CMCL Innovations|access-date=2017-02-14}} and irregular combustion events {{cite web|url=http://www.cmclinnovations.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/cmcl_user_story_07_knock.pdf|title=Predictive combustion simulations for "downsized" direct injection spark-ignition engines|last=|first=|year=2010|website=|publisher=CMCL Innovations|access-date=2017-02-14}} are facilitated through the implementation of user-defined or the chemical kinetic fuel models included with the tool.
2. CIDI (diesel) combustion mode: Sub-models for direct injection, turbulence and chemical kinetic enable the simulation of diesel combustion and emission analysis. Typical user projects have included combustion, PM and NOx simulation over a load-speed map,{{Cite journal | author = Smallbone| year = 2013 | title = Virtual Performance and Emissions Mapping for Diesel Engine Design Optimization | journal = SAE Technical Paper | volume = 1 | id = SAE 2013-01-0308 | doi= 10.4271/2013-01-0308| url = http://papers.sae.org/2013-01-0308 |display-authors=etal| series = SAE Technical Paper Series | url-access = subscription}} virtual engine optimization,{{Cite journal | author = Smallbone| year = 2011 | title = Identifying Optimal Operating Points in Terms of Engineering Constraints and Regulated Emissions in Modern Diesel Engines | journal = SAE Technical Paper | volume = 1 | id = SAE 2013-01-0308 | doi= 10.4271/2011-01-1388| url = http://papers.sae.org/2011-01-1388 |display-authors=etal| series = SAE Technical Paper Series | url-access = subscription }} comparison with 3D-CFD and injection strategy optimization.{{cite web|url=http://www.cmclinnovations.com/?page_id=72|title=Partially-Premixed Compression Ignition (PPCI) and Low Temperature Combustion (LTC) modes|year=2010|publisher=CMCL Innovations|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140228224745/http://www.cmclinnovations.com/?page_id=72|archive-date=2014-02-28|url-status=dead}}
3. Low temperature combustion mode: Known as HCCI or premixed CIDI combustion (PCCI, PPCI), ignition and flame propagation in low temperature combustion mode is more sensitive to fuel chemistry effects. By accounting for user defined or by applying the default chemical kinetic fuel models, users do benefit from enhanced predictive performance. Typical projects include identifying the operating {{Cite journal | author = Bhave| year = 2005 | title = Evaluating the EGR-AFR Operating Range of a HCCI Engine | journal = SAE Technical Paper | volume = 1 | id = SAE 2005-01-0161 | doi= 10.4271/2005-01-0161| url = http://papers.sae.org/2005-01-0161 |display-authors=etal| series = SAE Technical Paper Series | url-access = subscription }} and misfire limits {{Cite journal | author = Smallbone| year = 2011 | title = Simulating PM Emissions and Combustion Stability in Gasoline/Diesel Fuelled Engines | journal = SAE Technical Paper | volume = 1 | id = SAE 2011-01-1184 | doi= 10.4271/2011-01-1184| url = http://papers.sae.org/2011-01-1184 |display-authors=etal| series = SAE Technical Paper Series | url-access = subscription }} for multiple fuel types.
4. Advanced fuels: To date the model has been applied to conventional diesel, gasoline, blends of gasoline and diesel, bio-fuels,{{Cite journal | author = Mosbach| year = 2006 | title = Simulating a Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine Fuelled with a DEE/EtOH Blend | journal = SAE Technical Paper | volume = 1 | id = SAE 2006-01-1362 | doi= 10.4271/2006-01-1362| url = http://papers.sae.org/2006-01-1362 |display-authors=etal| series = SAE Technical Paper Series | url-access = subscription }} hydrogen, {{Cite journal | author = Aldawood| year = 2009 | title = HCCI Combustion Phasing Transient Control by Hydrogen-Rich Gas: Investigation Using a Fast Detailed-Chemistry Full-Cycle Model | journal = SAE Technical Paper | volume = 1 | id = SAE 2009-01-1134 | doi= 10.4271/2009-01-1134| url = http://papers.sae.org/2009-01-1134 |display-authors=etal| series = SAE Technical Paper Series | url-access = subscription }} natural gas, {{Cite journal | author = Bhave| year = 2004 | title = Analysis of a natural gas fuelled homogeneous charge compression ignition engine with exhaust gas recirculation using a stochastic reactor model | journal = International Journal of Engine Research| volume = 5 | pages = 93–104 | doi= 10.1243/146808704772914273| s2cid = 93782071 |display-authors=etal}} and ethanol-blended gasoline fuel {{Cite journal | author = Jiawei| year = 2021 | title = Effects of Ethanol-Blended Fuel on Combustion Characteristics, Gaseous and Particulate Emissions in Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) Engines | journal = SAE Technical Paper | volume = 1 | id = SAE 2021-26-0356 | doi= 10.4271/2021-26-0356| url = https://www.sae.org/publications/technical-papers/content/2021-26-0356/|display-authors=etal| series = SAE Technical Paper Series | s2cid = 244187125 | url-access = subscription }} applications.
5. Exhaust gas emissions: Through the implementation of detailed chemical kinetic in both the gas and solid particulate phases, all conventional automotive and non-road exhaust gas emissions are simulated in detail.

File:SRM Engine Suite GIF.gif

The software is based on the stochastic reactor model (SRM),{{cite book|last1=Kraft|first1=Markus|title=Stochastic Modeling of Turbulent Reacting Flow in Chemical Engineering|date=1998|publisher=VDI-Verlag|isbn=978-3-18-339106-6|edition=Fortschritt-Berichte, 391}} which is stated in terms of a weighted stochastic particle ensemble. SRM is particular useful in the context of engine modelling {{cite journal|last1=Kraft|first1=M|last2=Maigaard|first2=P|last3=Mauss|first3=F|last4=Christensen|first4=M|last5=Johansson|first5=B|title=Investigation of combustion emissions in a homogeneous charge compression injection engine: Measurements and a new computational model|journal=Proceedings of the Combustion Institute|date=2000|volume=28|issue=1|pages=1195–1201|doi=10.1016/S0082-0784(00)80330-6|bibcode=2000PComI..28.1195K}}

as the dynamics of the particle ensemble includes detailed chemical kinetics whilst accounting for inhomogeneity in composition and temperature space arising from on-going fuel injection, heat transfer and turbulence mixing events. Through this coupling, heat release profiles and in particular the associated exhaust gas emissions (Particulates, NOx, Carbon monoxide, Unburned hydrocarbon etc.) can be predicted more accurately than if using the more conventional approaches of standard homogenous and multi-zone reactor methods.

The software can be coupled as a plug-in into 1D engine cycle software tools, are capable of simulating the combustion and emissions during closed volume period of the cycle (combustion, TDC and negative valve overlap).

An advanced Application programming interface enables for the model to be coupled with a user-defined codes such as 3D-CFD {{Cite journal | author = Cao| year = 2009 | title = Influence of Injection Timing and Piston Bowl Geometry on PCCI Combustion and Emissions | journal = SAE Technical Paper | volume = 2 | pages = 1019–1033 | id = SAE 2009-01-1102 | doi= 10.4271/2009-01-1102| url = http://papers.sae.org/2009-01-1102/|display-authors=etal| url-access = subscription}} or control software.

• Chemical kinetics
• Internal combustion engine
• Computational fluid dynamics
• Kinetics

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• {{official website|http://www.cmclinnovations.com/srmsuite}}

Category:Engines

Category:Combustion

Category:Computational science

Category:Fluid dynamics