SS Jagiełło
{{Short description|German-built passenger cargo ship}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2024}}
{{Use British English|date=November 2024}}
| {{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image |Ship image= SS Jagiełło.jpg |Ship caption= Jagiełło arriving in Havana in 1948 }} {{Infobox ship career |Hide header= |Ship name= *1939: {{lang|tr|Doğu}}
|Ship namesake= *1939: Turkish for "East"
|Ship owner= *1939: German Government
| Ship operator = *as owners, except:
|Ship registry= *1939: {{flagicon|Nazi Germany}} Hamburg, Germany
|Ship route= 1948: Genoa – Colón |Ship ordered= |Ship builder= Blohm+Voss, Hamburg |Ship original cost= |Ship yard number= 520 |Ship laid down= |Ship launched= 15 March 1939 |Ship sponsor= |Ship completed= 31 August 1939 |Ship maiden voyage= |Ship refit= 1948; 1953 |Ship identification= *1945: UK official number 180588
|Ship fate= scrapped 1973 |Ship status= |Ship notes= }} {{Infobox ship characteristics |Hide header= |Header caption= |Ship type= cargo liner |Ship tonnage= {{GRT|6133}}, {{NRT|3139}} |Ship displacement= |Ship length= *{{cvt|399|ft|7|in|abbr=on}} overall
|Ship beam= {{cvt|52.7|ft|abbr=on}} |Ship draught= |Ship depth= {{cvt|28.0|ft|abbr=on}} |Ship decks= 2 |Ship power= *2 × triple-expansion engines; |Ship propulsion= 2 × screws |Ship speed= {{convert|15|kn|km/h}} |Ship capacity= |Ship crew= |Ship complement= |Ship armament= |Ship sensors= wireless direction finding; echo sounding device; gyrocompass; submarine signalling |Ship notes= sister ships: Egemen, {{lang|tr|Savaş}} }} |
SS {{lang|pl|Jagiełło}} was a passenger and cargo steamship. She was launched in Germany in 1939 as {{lang|tr|Doğu}} for Turkish owners, but taken over by the German government and renamed {{lang|de|Lüderitzbucht}}. Toward the end of the Second World War she was renamed Duala. At the end of the war, the United Kingdom seized her and renamed her Empire Ock. In 1946 she was transferred as war reparations to the USSR, who renamed her {{lang|ru|Pyotr Velikiy}}. In 1947 she was transferred to Poland, who renamed her {{lang|pl|Jagiełło}}. For a year Cosulich Line ran Jagiełło on a route between Genoa, Italy and Colón, Panama. In 1949 she returned to Soviet ownership, and her name reverted to {{lang|ru|Pyotr Velikiy}}. She was scrapped in Spain at the end of 1973.
Building
In 1939, Blohm+Voss in Hamburg was building three sister ships for the Turkish government DenizBank and Denizyollari Idaresi.{{sfn|Lloyd's Register 1939|loc=[https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/shipdata/pdfs/39/39b0251.pdf DJA–DOK]}}{{sfn|Lloyd's Register 1939|loc=[https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/shipdata/pdfs/39/39b1023.pdf Supplement: E]}}{{sfn|Lloyd's Register 1939|loc=[https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/shipdata/pdfs/39/39b1067.pdf Supplement: S]}} Yard number 520 was launched on 15 March as {{lang|tr|Doğu}}; which is Turkish for "East"; and completed on 31 August.{{cite web |url= https://fleetphoto.ru/vessel/3528/ |title=Пётр Великий |trans-title=Pyotr Velikiy |language=Russian |work=Fleetphoto |access-date=25 June 2020}}{{cite web |url= https://www.miramarshipindex.nz/ship/yard?link=1403&page=12 |title=Blohm & Voss |url-access=subscription |website=Miramar Ship Index |publisher=RB Haworth |access-date=24 June 2020}} Yard number 521 was to have been called Egemen (Turkish for "Sovereign"), and yard number 522 was to have been called {{lang|tr|Savaş}} ("War").
{{lang|tr|Doğu}}'s lengths were {{cvt|399|ft|7|in|abbr=on}} overall{{sfn|Lloyd's Register 1956|loc=[https://archive.org/details/HECROS1956/page/n1306/mode/1up PETIT BRAS D'OR]}} and {{cvt|384.8|ft|abbr=on}} registered. Her beam was {{cvt|52.7|ft|abbr=on}}, and her depth was {{cvt|28.0|ft|abbr=on}}. Her tonnages were {{GRT|6133}} and {{NRT|3139}}. She had a slightly flared bow, and a cruiser stern. She had twin screws, and her main propulsion was by a pair of three-cylinder triple-expansion engines, built by Blohm+Voss. She also had a pair of Bauer-Wach exhaust steam turbines, which drove the same propeller shafts, but via double-reduction gearing and a Föttinger fluid coupling.{{harvnb|Lloyd's Register 1945|loc=[https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/shipdata/pdfs/45/45a1184.pdf Supplement: E]}} She was capable of {{convert|15|kn|km/h}}.{{cite web |url= https://polvnic.livejournal.com/15023.html |title=Черное море. Белый пароход. (Окончание) |trans-title=Black Sea, White Steamer (Ending) |language=Russian |publisher=Polvnic |date=25 October 2011 |access-date=24 June 2020}} She was equipped with wireless direction finding; echo sounding device; gyrocompass; and submarine signalling.
Second World War
On 1 September 1939, the day after {{lang|tr|Doğu}} was completed, Germany invaded Poland. The German government halted the delivery of {{lang|tr|Doğu}} and her two sisters. {{lang|tr|Doğu}} was renamed {{lang|de|Lüderitzbucht}}, after Lüderitz Bay in South West Africa; she was registered in Hamburg; and Deutsche-Afrika Linien became her managers.{{harvnb|Mitchell|Sawyer|1990|pp=463–465}} In 1940 she was transferred to the Kriegsmarine, who used her as a barracks ship.{{harvnb|Piwowoński|1989|p=}}{{page needed|date=November 2024}}
In March 1940, the German government told the Turkish government that it would allow delivery of the three ships on two conditions. Firstly, Turkey would have to confine the ships to short-sea shipping, along the Turkish coast and within the Black Sea, until the end of the war. Secondly, Turkey would have to supply Germany with at least 110,000 tons of chromium.{{sfn|Sweet|Lambert|Beaumont|1956|p=[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-AhJAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA56&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false 56]}} Agreement was not reached, and the three ships remained in German ownership. Early in 1945 the ship was renamed Duala, probably after Douala in Cameroun.
Post-war career
After Germany's unconditional surrender in 1945, UK forces seized Duala at Flensburg. She became the property of the UK Ministry of War Transport, who renamed her Empire Ock after the River Ock, a tributary of the River Thames. She was registered in London; her UK official number was 180588; her call sign was GJZR; and City Line were her managers.
In 1946, Empire Ock was transferred to the Soviet Ministry of the Maritime Fleet, who renamed her Пётр Великий ("{{lang|ru|Pyotr Velikiy}}"), after Tsar Peter the Great, and registered her in Leningrad (now St Petersburg). The name has been romanised with different spellings. Lloyd's Register used {{lang|ru|Peotr Veliki}} in 1946;{{sfn|Lloyd's Register 1946|loc=[https://archive.org/details/HECROS1947ST/page/n831/mode/1up PEN–PER]}} but was using {{lang|ru|Petr Veliki}} by 1951.{{harvnb|Lloyd's Register 1951 |loc=[https://archive.org/details/HECROS1952MZ/page/n325/mode/1up PET]}} Other renditions include {{lang|ru|Petr Velikiy}} and {{lang|ru|Petr Veliky}}.{{harvnb|Wilson|1978|pp=38, 65}}
In 1947 the USSR gave the ship to Poland, where the Gdynia America Line became her owners, and she was renamed {{lang|pl|Jagiełło}}, after King Władysław II Jagiełło. She was registered in Gdynia, and her call sign was SPEN.{{sfn|Lloyd's Register 1947|loc=[https://archive.org/details/HECROS1948ST/page/n1204/mode/1up Supplement: 36844–857]}} She never visited Gdynia. She spent a year being refitted in Genoa, and then in 1948 entered service under Cosulich Line management; and with a mostly Italian crew; and just a few Polish officers and specialists. Her route was between Genoa and Colón, Panama, via ports of call including Lisbon and Havana.
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| image2 = Odessza, Ukrajna 1964. A Petr Velikij személyszállító hajó a kikötőben. Fortepan 75212.jpg
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The service was a commercial failure, so in 1949 Poland returned {{lang|pl|Jagiełło}} to the USSR, who reverted her name to {{lang|ru|Pyotr Velikiy}}. She was registered in Odessa; her call sign was UVSA; and her Soviet register number was M-2381. She joined the fleet of the Black Sea Shipping Company, who used her on passenger routes, mainly between Odessa; Sochi; and Batumi. She operated along with the passenger ship {{lang|ru|Gruziya}}, which had been the Polish {{MS|Sobieski||2}}. In 1953 she was refitted in Odessa. In 1969 Lloyd's Register introduced seven-figure registration numbers, and {{lang|ru|Pyotr Velikiy}} was numbered 5276185.
On 20 November 1973, {{lang|ru|Pyotr Velikiy}} arrived in Castellón de la Plana, Spain, to be broken up by M Varela Davalillo.{{cite ship register|register=MSI|id=5276185|access-date=25 June 2020}}
References
{{reflist}}
Bibliography
- {{cite book |year=1939 |title=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |volume=II.–Steamers and Motorships of 300 Tons. Trawlers, Tugs, Dredgers, Etc. |place=London |publisher=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |via=Southampton City Council |ref={{harvid|Lloyd's Register 1939}} }}
- {{cite book |year=1945 |title=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |volume=I.–Steamers and Motorships of 300 Tons Gross and Over |place=London |publisher=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |via=Southampton City Council |ref={{harvid|Lloyd's Register 1945}} }}
- {{cite book |year=1946 |title=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |volume=I.–Steamers and Motorships of 300 Tons Gross and Over |place=London |publisher=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |via=Internet Archive |ref={{harvid|Lloyd's Register 1946}} }}
- {{cite book |year=1947 |title=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |volume=Steamers and Motorships of 300 Tons Gross and Over |place=London |publisher=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |via=Internet Archive |ref={{harvid|Lloyd's Register 1947}} }}
- {{cite book |last1=Mitchell |first1=WH |last2=Sawyer |first2=LA |year=1990 |title=The Empire Ships: a record of British-built and acquired merchant ships during the Second World War |edition=2nd |place=London |publisher=Lloyd's of London Press |isbn=1-85044-275-4}}
- {{cite book |last=Piwowoński |first=Jan |year=1989 |title=Flota spod Biało-Czerwonej |trans-title=Fleet from under White and Red |language=Polish |edition=Wyd. 1 |publisher=Nasza Księgarnia |isbn=978-83-100-8902-1}}
- {{cite book |year=1951 |title=Register Book |volume=II. M–Z |place=London |publisher=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |via=Internet Archive |ref={{harvid|Lloyd's Register 1951}} }}
- {{cite book |year=1956 |title=Register Book |volume=I. Register of Ships |place=London |publisher=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |via=Internet Archive |ref={{harvid|Lloyd's Register 1956}} }}
- {{cite book |editor1-last=Sweet |editor1-first=Paul R |editor2-last=Lambert |editor2-first=Margaret |editor3-last=Beaumont |editor3-first=Maurice |year=1956 |title=Documents on German Foreign Policy 1918–1945 |volume=IX The War Years: March 18–June 22, 1940 |series=D (1937–1945) |place=Washington, DC |publisher=United States Government Publishing Office |via=Google Books}}
- {{cite book |last=Wilson |first=Edward A |year=1978 |title=Soviet passenger ships, 1917–1977 |place=Kendal |publisher=World Ship Society |isbn=0-905617-04-5}}
{{Empire ships}}
{{Gdynia America Line}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jagiełło}}
Category:Auxiliary ships of the Kriegsmarine
Category:Ministry of War Transport ships
Category:Passenger ships of Germany
Category:Passenger ships of Poland
Category:Passenger ships of the Soviet Union
Category:Passenger ships of the United Kingdom
Category:Ships built in Hamburg
Category:Steamships of Germany
Category:Steamships of the Soviet Union
Category:Steamships of the United Kingdom
Category:Ships of Black Sea Shipping Company