Sachin State
{{Short description|Princely state of India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2017}}
{{Infobox former subdivision
|native_name = સચીન રિયાસત
سچن ریاست
|conventional_long_name =Sachin State
|common_name =Sachin
|nation = British India
|subdivision = Princely State
|era =
|year_start = 1791
|date_start =
|event_start=
|year_end = 1948
|date_end =
|event_end= Independence of India
|event1 =
|date_event1 =
|p1 =
|s1 = India
|flag_p1 =
|flag_s1 = Flag of India.svg
|image_flag = Flag of the Sachin State.svg
|image_coat =
|image_map = Surat Agency with all princely states with labels British India 1880-1933.svg
|image_map_caption = Sachin State (pink) within Surat Agency
|stat_area1 = 127
|stat_year1 = 1931
|stat_pop1 = 22,107
|capital = Sachin
|today = Surat district, Gujarat State
|footnotes =
}}
File:Nawab Sidi Ibrahim Mohammad Yakut Khan II of Sachin 1833 -1873.jpg
File:Sachin State Merchant Flag.png]]
The Sachin State ({{langx|gu|સચીન રિયાસત}}; {{langx|ur|سچن ریاست}}) was a princely state belonging to the Surat Agency, former Khandesh Agency, of the Bombay Presidency during the era of the British Raj. Its capital was in Sachin, the southernmost town of present-day Surat district of Gujarat State.{{Citation needed|date=August 2019}}
History
Maharaja of Parmar Rajputs had established the State of Sachin. Sachin state was invaded on 6 June 1791. Though over 85% of the subjects were Hindu, the state was ruled by Sunni Muslims of the Siddi dynasty of Danda-Rajpuri and Janjira State. The Siddi dynasty is of Abyssinian (Habesha) origin.{{Cite news|url = https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-30391686|title = Africans in India: From slaves to reformers and rulers|last = Pandey|first = Vikash|date = 19 December 2014|work = Newspaper|access-date = 19 December 2014|archive-date = 21 December 2014|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141221014958/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-30391686|url-status = live}}
Sachin State was under the protection of the Maratha Peshwa until it became a British protectorate. It had its own cavalry, currency, and stamped paper, as well as a state band that included Africans.
Fatma Begum (1892–1983), one of the early superstars of Hindi cinema and India's first female film director, was allegedly married to Nawab Sidi Ibrahim Muhammad Yakut Khan III of Sachin State. But Sachin royal family sources cast a veil over this{{Cite journal |last=Dokras |first=Uday |date=2021-01-01 |title=CHRONICLES of the African Diaspora in INDIA |url=https://www.academia.edu/45591761 |journal=Indo Nordic Aithor;s Collective}} claiming no record of a marriage or contract having taken place between the Nawab and Fatima Bai or of the Nawab having officially recognised their children, Sultana, Zubeida and Shehzadi, as his own.{{Cite web |url=http://members.iinet.net.au/~royalty/ips/s/sachin.html |title=Sachin Princely State (9 gun salute) |access-date=25 June 2014 |archive-date=23 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170423041551/http://members.iinet.net.au/~royalty/ips/s/sachin.html |url-status=live }}
Sultana, the daughter of Fatima Begum,{{cite web |work=IMDb.com |title=Sultana-actress |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0838459/ |publisher=amazon.com/IMDb.com |access-date=13 September 2012 |archive-date=13 July 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120713015558/http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0838459/ |url-status=live }} became a leading figure in early Indian movies.{{Cite web |url=http://bombaymann2.blogspot.com/2013/12/cinema-majestic-girgaum-alam-ara-first.html |title=Indian films and posters from 1930 |access-date=4 October 2015 |archive-date=25 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180125193555/http://bombaymann2.blogspot.com/2013/12/cinema-majestic-girgaum-alam-ara-first.html |url-status=live }} Zubeida, leading actress of India's first talkie film Alam Ara (1931), was her younger sister.{{cite web |title=sultana |url=http://cineplot.com/encyclopedia/sultana/ |publisher=Cineplot.com |access-date=13 September 2012 |archive-date=25 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225134720/http://cineplot.com/encyclopedia/sultana/ |url-status=live }}
Nawab Sidi Ibrahim Muhammad Yakut Khan III, Sachin State's last ruler, signed the accession to join the Indian Union on 8 March 1948. The state then became part of Surat district in Bombay Province.Hunter, Sir William Wilson. The Imperial Gazetteer of India. London, Trübner & Co., 1885Malleson, G. B. An historical sketch of the native states of India, London 1875, Reprint Delhi 1984{{cite EB1911 |wstitle=Surat |volume=26 |page=117}}
After the Partition of India, Zubaida stayed in India, while her sister Sultana moved to Pakistan where she married and had a daughter, Jamila Razzaq, who became a prominent Pakistani actress in the decade between the mid-1950s and the mid-1960s.[http://bmmann-filmyindia.blogspot.com/2014/05/jamila-razzaq-and-zubaida.html Jamila Razzaq and Zubaida] {{webarchive|url=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20151011025823/http://bmmann-filmyindia.blogspot.com/2014/05/jamila-razzaq-and-zubaida.html |date=11 October 2015 }}
Rulers
The rulers of Sachin State bore the title 'Nawab' and were granted the right of a 9 gun salute by the British authorities.{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=6 February 2019 |title=African Rulers in Indian History: Sachin, Gurjarat |url=https://thinkafrica.net/african-rulers-in-indian-history-sachin-gurjarat/ |access-date=2022-05-22 |website=Think Africa |language=en-US |archive-date=13 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241213182439/https://thinkafrica.net/african-rulers-in-indian-history-sachin-gurjarat/ |url-status=live }}
= Nawabs =
- 6 Jun 1791 – 9 July 1802 Abdul Karim Mohammad Yakut Khan I (b. 17.. – d. 1802)
- 9 July 1802 – 25 March 1853 Ibrahim Mohammad Yakut Khan I (d. 1853)
- 25 Mar 1853 – 1 December 1868 Abdul Karim Mohammad Yakut Khan II (b. 1802 – d. 1868)
- 1 December 1868 – 4 March 1873 Ibrahim Mohammad Yakut Khan II (b. 1833 – d. 1873)
- 4 March 1873 – 7 January 1887 Abdul Kadir Khan (b. 1865 – d. 1896)
- 4 March 1873 – Jul 1886 .... -Regent
- 7 February 1887 – 19 November 1930 Ibrahim Mohammad Yakut Khan III (b. 1886 – d. 1930)
- 7 February 1887 – 4 May 1907 .... -Regent
- 19 Nov 1930 – 15 August 1947 Muhammad Haider Khan (b. 1909 – d. 1970)
==See also==
References
{{reflist|30em}}
External links
- {{commons category-inline}}
- [http://bombaymann2.blogspot.com/2013/12/cinema-majestic-girgaum-alam-ara-first.html Early Indian Movies]
{{Coord|21.08|N|72.88|E|region:IN-GU_type:city_source:kolossus-cawiki|display=title}}
{{Princely states of India}}
{{Princely states of the Baroda and Gujarat States Agency}}
Category:Princely states of Gujarat
Category:1791 establishments in India