Sacramento-class fast combat support ship
{{short description|Class of United States Navy logistics ships}}
| {{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image |Ship image=USS Camden AOE-2 050217-N-6074Y-108 crop.jpg |Ship caption=USS Camden (AOE-2) }} {{Infobox ship class overview |Name=Sacramento |Builders=*Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, |Operators={{naval|United States}} |Class before=N/A |Class after={{sclass|Supply|fast combat support ship|4}} |Subclasses= |Cost= |Built range= |In service range= |In commission range=1964–2005 |Total ships building= |Total ships planned= |Total ships completed=4 |Total ships cancelled= |Total ships active= |Total ships laid up= |Total ships lost= |Total ships retired=4 |Total ships preserved= }} {{Infobox ship characteristics |Hide header= |Header caption= |Ship class= |Ship type=Fast combat support ship |Ship displacement={{cvt|53000|LT|MT|lk=on}} |Ship length={{cvt|795|ft|m}} (overall) |Ship beam={{cvt|107|ft|m}} (extreme) |Ship draft={{cvt|39|ft|m}} |Ship depth= |Ship hold depth= |Ship decks= |Ship deck clearance= |Ship ramps= |Ship ice class= |Ship power={{cvt|100000|shp|kW}} |Ship propulsion=4 boilers producing {{convert|600|psi|abbr=on}} at {{cvt|856|F}}; super-heated steam driving 2 × turbines, producing {{cvt|100000|hp|lk=on}} at 4,829 rpm |Ship speed={{convert|26|kn|lk=in}} |Ship range= |Ship endurance= |Ship boats= |Ship capacity={{cvt|177000|USbbl|gal}} fuel, 2150 tons ammunition, 500 tons dry stores, 250 tons refrigerated stores.{{cite book|title=Jane's Fighting Ships 1979-80|page=727|year=1979|publisher=Jane's Publishing Group|editor=Capt. John E. Moore, R.N.|isbn=0531039137}} |Ship troops= |Ship complement=24 officers, 576 enlisted |Ship crew= |Ship time to activate= |Ship sensors=* Mark 56 fire-control system |Ship EW= |Ship armament=*NATO Sea Sparrow missiles |Ship armour= |Ship armor= |Ship aircraft=CH-46E Sea Knight |Ship aircraft facilities= |Ship notes= }} |
The Sacramento-class fast combat support ships were a class of four United States Navy supply ships used to refuel, rearm, and restock ships in the United States Navy in both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
History
The idea of combining the capabilities of a fleet oiler (AO), ammunition ship (AE), and refrigerated stores ship (AF) had been conceived during the Second World War by Admiral Arleigh Burke, later Chief of Naval Operations, who sought to create a single ship that would perform the functions of three vessels while simultaneously integrating into a carrier battle group. This was deemed necessary because World War II replenishments had to be scheduled well in advance due to communications problems and were subject to change due to weather or combat related reasons. On top of that the Underway Replenishment Groups of that time were slow and unwieldy. After experimenting with this "replenishment oiler" concept with the German war prize {{ship|German ship|Dithmarschen||2}} (placed in service as {{USS|Conecuh|AOR-110}}), the US Navy's solution to these problems was to create a multi-product station ship, which resulted in the construction of the Sacramento class. The Sacramentos had been designed to carry more fuel and ammunition than the largest ammunition ships then in service with the US Navy. The AOEs were also designed to be much faster than previous auxiliaries at 26 knots, giving them the ability to operate in company with a carrier battle group rather than in a separate, slower replenishment group. The first two ships each received one-half of the powerplants removed from the unfinished {{sclass|Iowa|battleship}} {{USS|Kentucky|BB-66|2}}, while the remaining two received new construction machinery. All four had General Electric turbines.
To fulfill the same role in the less demanding Anti-Submarine Support Aircraft Carrier (CVS) groups, the navy built the similar, but smaller and slower, {{sclass|Wichita|replenishment oiler|0}} AORs.
Construction of the unnamed AOE-5 was cancelled in 1968.{{Cite web
|url = http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/aoe-1.htm
|title = AOE-1 Sacramento Fast Combat Support Ship
|accessdate = 2008-03-02
|date = March 5, 1999
|publisher = Federation of American Scientists
}} There are no Sacramento-class ships in service with the Navy, the last one being retired in 2005.
The ships that now fulfill this role for the U.S. Navy are the {{sclass|Supply|fast combat support ship}}s. Those ships are not commissioned ships of the Navy; rather they are operated by the Military Sealift Command.
Ships
| class="sortable wikitable plainrowheaders" |
| scope="col" | Ship name
! scope="col" | {{abbr|Hull no.|hull number}} ! scope="col" | Builder ! scope="col" | Laid down ! scope="col" | Launched ! scope="col" | Commissioned ! scope="col" | Decommissioned ! scope="col" | Fate ! scope="col" | NVR Page |
|---|
| {{USS|Sacramento|AOE-1|6}}
|AOE-1 |30 June 1961 |14 September 1963 |14 March 1964 |1 October 2004 |Struck 1 October 2004, Sold for scrap |{{Naval Vessel Register URL|id=AOE1|title=AOE1}} |
| {{USS|Camden|AOE-2|6}}
|AOE-2 |17 February 1964 |29 May 1965 |1 April 1967 |14 October 2005 |Struck 14 October 2005, Sold for scrap |{{Naval Vessel Register URL|id=AOE2|title=AOE2}} |
| {{USS|Seattle|AOE-3|6}}
|AOE-3 |rowspan=2|Puget Sound Naval Shipyard |1 October 1965 |1 March 1968 |5 April 1969 |15 March 2005 |Struck 15 March 2005, Sold for scrap |{{Naval Vessel Register URL|id=AOE3|title=AOE3}} |
| {{USS|Detroit|AOE-4|6}}
|AOE-4 |29 November 1966 |21 June 1969 |28 March 1970 |17 February 2005 |Struck 2 February 2005, Sold for scrap |{{Naval Vessel Register URL|id=AOE4|title=AOE4}} |
Notes
{{reflist}}
External links
- [http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/aoe-1.htm Federation of American Scientists: AOE-1 Sacramento Fast Combat Support Ship]
{{Sacramento class fast combat support ship}}