Sadarang

{{Short description|17-century musician}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2024}}

{{Infobox musical artist

|name = Sadarang

|image = Sadarang,Descendant of Naubat Khan.jpg

| caption = Sadarang,Descendant of Naubat Khan.Raagmala miniatures,University of Pennsylvania,U.S.A.

|background = non_performing_personnel

|birth_name = Naimat Khan

|alias =

| birth_date = 1670

| death_date = 1748

|origin = India

|genre = Hindustani classical music

|occupation = Hindustani classical music composer

|years_active =

|label =

|website =

}}

Sadarang (1670–1748) was the pen name of the Hindustani musical composer and artist Naimat Khan,https://books.google.com/books?id=X54Lf-8M96YC&q=sadarang&pg=PA164 adarang&f=false who was active in the eighteenth century. He and his nephew Adarang changed the Khayal style of Hindustani music into the form performed today. Naimat Khan composed Khyal for his disciples and he never performed Khyal.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=utw9AAAAMAAJ|title=Musical Heritage of Lucknow|last=Misra|first=Susheela|date=1991-01-01|publisher=Harman Publishing House|language=en}}

Sadarang served in the court of Mughal Emperor Muhammad Shah (ruled 1719-1748).{{Cite web |last=chowdhury |first=amlan home |title=From Akbar to Zafar, Kalawants Worked to Shape Hindustani Music |url=https://www.thecitizen.in/index.php/en/newsdetail/index/9/20536/from-akbar-to-zafar-kalawants-worked-to-shape-hindustani-music- |access-date=2022-04-08 |website=www.thecitizen.in |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |last=indica |date=2021-06-14 |title=Indian classical music |url=https://indicanews.com/2021/06/14/indian-classical-music/ |access-date=2022-04-08 |website=Indica news |language=en-US}} Sadarang and Adarang remain influential in Hindustani classical music, mainly through their compositions.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MiE9AAAAIAAJ|title=Khyal: Creativity Within North India's Classical Music Tradition|last=Wade|first=Bonnie C.|date=1984-01-01|publisher=CUP Archive|isbn=9780521256599|language=en}} Salar Jung Nawwab Dargah Quli Khan, a young noble Deccani who lived in Delhi between 1738 and 1741, had the opportunity to hear Naimat Khan play the Bīn. He wrote in Risala Salar Jung later translated as Muraqqa-i-Dehli,{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qjJmzdJFOHwC|title=Dictionary of Indo-Persian Literature|last=Hadi|first=Nabi|date=1995-01-01|publisher=Abhinav Publications|isbn=9788170173113|language=en}} "When he begins to play the Bīn, when the notes of the Bīn throw a spell on the world, the party enters a strange state: people begin to flutter like fish out of water (...).Na’mat Khan is acquainted with all aspects of music.Naimat Khan is considered unequalled and is the pride of the people of Delhi."{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4nPHTCS8vfUC|title=Sitar and Sarod in the 18th and 19th Centuries|last=Miner|first=Allyn|date=2004-04-01|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|isbn=9788120814936|language=en}}

Naimat khan was the descendant of Naubat Khan.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7o8HAQAAMAAJ|title=Dhrupad: Tradition and Performance in Indian Music|last1=Sanyal|first1=Ritwik|last2=Widdess|first2=Richard|date=2004-01-01|publisher=Ashgate|isbn=9780754603795|language=en}} Another famous descendant of Sadarang was Wazir Khan of Rampur.{{Cite book |last1=Hamilton |first1=James Sadler |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JP5Wzqq7I80C&q=wazir+khan+shah+sadarang&pg=PA20 |title=Sitar Music in Calcutta: An Ethnomusicological Study |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publishers |year=1994 |isbn=9788120812109}}