Samar, Ukraine

{{Infobox settlement

| name = Samar

| native_name = {{lang|uk|Самар}}

| settlement_type = City

| image_flag = File:Flag of Novomoskovsk.svg

| image_shield = File:Coat of Arms of Novomoskovsk.svg

| nickname =

| motto =

| image_map =

| mapsize = 250px

| map_caption =

| subdivision_type = Country

| subdivision_name = {{UKR}}

| subdivision_type1 = Oblast

| subdivision_type2 = Raion

| subdivision_name1 = Dnipropetrovsk Oblast

| subdivision_name2 = Samar Raion

| image_skyline = File:Свято - Троїцький собор 04.jpg

| image_caption = Holy Trinity Cathedral

| established_title = Founded

| established_date = 1672

| established_title1 = City status

| established_date1 = 1784

| leader_title = Mayor

| leader_name =

| area_magnitude =

| area_total_km2 = 36

| area_land_km2 =

| area_water_km2 =

| population_as_of = 2022

| population_note =

| population_total = 69855

| population_footnotes =

| population_metro =

| population_density_km2 = auto

| population_est = 66973

| pop_est_as_of = 2024

| pop_est_footnotes = https://uk.zhujiworld.com/ua/390443-novomoskovsk/

| pushpin_map = Ukraine Dnipropetrovsk Oblast#Ukraine

| pushpin_label_position =

| pushpin_map_caption = Location of Samar

| pushpin_mapsize =

| coordinates = {{coord|48|38|N|35|13|E|region:UA|display=inline,title}}

| elevation_m = 62

| postal_code_type = Postal code

| postal_code = 51200-51214

| area_code = +380-5693

| website =

| footnotes =

| subdivision_type3 = Hromada

| subdivision_name3 = Samar urban hromada

| module = {{Infobox mapframe |wikidata=yes |zoom=11 |height=250 |stroke-width=2 | {{WikidataCoord|display=i}}}}

}}

Samar ({{Langx|uk|Самар}}), formerly known as Novomoskovsk ({{langx|uk|Новомосковськ|links=no}}) until 2024, is a city and municipality in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Ukraine. It serves as the administrative center of Samar Raion within the oblast. Samar is located predominantly on the right bank of the Samara River, a left tributary of the Dnieper River. The city is located {{convert|27|km}} from the administrative center of the oblast, Dnipro. As of January 2022, Novomoskovsk's population was approximately {{Ua-pop-est2022|69,855|punct=.|showyear=false}}

History

A city with the name Samar (now known as Old Samar) has existed from the end of the 17th century.Mikhail Levchenko. [https://books.google.com/books?id=cjcsAAAAYAAJ&dq=%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B0&pg=PA188 Hanshchyna (Ганьщина Україна)]. Opyt russko-ukrainskago slovari︠a︡. Tip. Gubernskago upravlenii︠a︡, 1874. The Cossacks abandoned the town in 1688 when Russia built the Bohorodytska Fortress in the city. Soon after, the former inhabitants of the Old Samar founded another settlement named Samar upstream the Samara River. In 18th-century documents, the city is also named Samarchyk, Novoselytsia or Palanka. The town was the administrative center of the {{ill|Samar Palanka|uk|Самарська паланка}} (province) of the Zaporozhian Cossacks.{{Cite web |last=Meshko |first=Konstiantyn |date=2023-05-01 |title= |script-title=uk:Не Новомосковськ, а Самар |trans-title=Not Novomoskovsk, but Samar |url=https://www.istpravda.com.ua/columns/2023/05/1/162629/ |website=Istorychna Pravda}}

In 1777, a town named Yekaterinoslav, meaning "the glory of Catherine" (after Russian empress Catherine II),{{Cite book |title=Along Ukraine's River: A Social and Environmental History of the Dnipro |last=Cybriwsky |first=Roman |publisher=Central European University Press |year=2018 |isbn=9789633862049 |pages=61 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M7pWDwAAQBAJ&q=%22Yekaterinoslav%22}} was built on the location. The site was badly chosen – spring waters transformed the city into a bog.{{cite web |url=http://www.eugene.com.ua/dnepr.html |title=www.eugene.com.ua Dnepropetrovsk History |publisher=Eugene.com.ua |access-date=28 November 2014}}[http://ukrssr.com.ua/dnipro/viniknennya-i-rozvitok-mista-dnipropetrovsk Establishment and development of the Dnipropetrovsk city (Виникнення і розвиток міста Дніпропетровськ)]. The History of Cities and Villages of the Ukrainian SSR. The surviving settlement was in 1794 renamed Novomoskovsk.{{cite web |last=Ratsybarska |first=Yuliia |date=13 May 2023 |title= |script-title=uk:Подалі від Москви. Як перейменують місто Новомосковськ на Дніпропетровщині? |trans-title=Farther from Moscow. How to rename the city of Novomoskovsk in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast? |url=https://www.radiosvoboda.org/a/pereymenuvannya-novomoskovsk/32405189.html |access-date=29 July 2023 |website=Radio Free Europe |lang=Ukrainian}}{{in lang|uk}} [https://midnipro.museum/novyj-kodak New Kodak], {{ill|Museum Of Dnipro City History|uk|Музей історії Дніпра}} (26 March 2022)S. S. Montefiore: Prince of Princes – The Life of Potemkin The city name Yekaterinoslav was given to current Dnipro.

The city is famous for the Holy Trinity Cathedral, built in 1778 by Yakym Pohrybniak from wood without any nails. A novel dedicated to the cathedral by Ukrainian writer Oles Honchar became a classic of 20th-century Ukrainian literature.

In 1917 the Ukrainian People's Republic tried to rename Novomoskovsk to Samar.

Until 18 July 2020, Novomoskovsk was incorporated as a city of oblast significance and served as the administrative center of Novomoskovsk Raion though it did not belong to the raion. In July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast to seven, the city of Novomoskovsk was merged into Novomoskovsk Raion.{{Cite news|title=Про утворення та ліквідацію районів. Постанова Верховної Ради України № 807-ІХ.|url=http://www.golos.com.ua/article/333466|access-date=2020-10-03|date=2020-07-18|website=Голос України|language=uk}}{{cite web |title=Нові райони: карти + склад |date=17 July 2020 |url=https://www.minregion.gov.ua/press/news/novi-rajony-karty-sklad/ |publisher=Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України |language=Ukrainian}}

Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, the city council voted in January 2024 to rename Novomoskovsk to Nova Samar ({{Lang|uk|Нова Самарь}}).{{Cite web |last=Rudenko |first=Iryna |last2=Palamarchuk |first2=Polina |last3=Vahner |first3=Olha |date=2024-01-23 |title=Новомосковськ на Дніпропетровщині отримав нову назву: за який варіант проголосували депутати |url=https://suspilne.media/667460-novomoskovsk-na-dnipropetrovsini-otrimav-novu-nazvu-za-akij-variant-progolosuvali-deputati/ |website=Suspilne |language=uk}} On 19 September, the Verkhovna Rada voted to rename Novomoskovsk to Samar.{{Cite web |title= |script-title=uk:Проект Постанови про перейменування окремих населених пунктів та районів |trans-title=Draft resolution on renaming individual populated places and raions |url=https://itd.rada.gov.ua/billInfo/Bills/Card/44913 |archive-url= |access-date=2024-09-19}}

Demographics

In 2001, Samar (at the time Novomoskovsk) had a population of 71,860 people. In terms of ethnicity, Ukrainians constitute a large majority, accounting for over 80% of the population. The second-largest group are people with an ethnic Russian background (13%), while the remaining population consists of Belarusians, Germans, Armenians, people of Turkic origin, Jews and Romani people. The exact ethnic composition was as follows:{{Cite web |title=Національний склад міст |url=https://datatowel.in.ua/pop-composition/ethnic-cities |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=Datatowel.in.ua |language=uk}}

{{bar box|title=Ethnic groups in Samar|titlebar=#ddd|left1=|right1=percent|bars={{bar percent|Ukrainians|dodgerblue|84.45}}