Samarra offensive

{{Multiple issues|

{{more footnotes|date=August 2014}}

{{Refimprove|date=November 2010}}

}}

{{Infobox military conflict

| conflict = Samarra offensive

| partof = the Mesopotamian Campaign of World War I

| image = Indian cavalry entering Khanikin, April 1917.png

| caption = Indian cavalry entering Khanaqin, April 1917

| date = March 13 – April 23, 1917

| place = North of Baghdad, present-day Iraq

| result = British–Indian victory

| combatant1 = {{flag|British Empire}}

• {{flagcountry|British India}}
• {{flagcountry|UKGBI}}

| combatant2 = {{flag|Ottoman Empire}}

| commander1 = {{flagicon|UKGBI}} Frederick Stanley Maude

| commander2 = {{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} Khalil Pasha,
{{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} Ali İhsan Sâbis

| strength1 = 45,000

| strength2 = 10,000 (Khalil),
15,000 (Ali Ishan)

| casualties1 = 18,000
(+ 37,000 sick)Tucker p 1411

| casualties2 = 4,000

}}

{{Campaignbox Mesopotamian}}

The Samarra offensive (March 13 – April 23, 1917) was launched by the British against the Ottomans as part of the Mesopotamian Campaign in World War I.

After Baghdad fell to the British on March 11, 1917, there were still 10,000 Ottoman troops north of the city, led by Khalil Pasha, who could represent a threat to Anglo-Indian forces.

Furthermore, another 15,000 Ottomans under Ali Ihsan Bey were being driven out of Persia by the Russians, and were attempting at joining Khalil's forces in northern Iraq.

The British commander, Frederick Stanley Maude, decided that, in order to avert these threats, he had to take control of the Samarrah railroad, running {{convert|130|km|mi|abbr=on}} north of Baghdad.

Operations began on March 13, carried forth by 45,000 British troops. On March 19, they conquered Fallujah, a crucial step toward the offensive's goal. The British continued their attacks until April 23, when the town of Samarrah and its railroad fell into their hands.

Although it achieved its aims, the Samarrah offensive cost the British about 18,000 casualties, a considerable price (plus another 38,000 who were taken ill).