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San Girolamo dei Croati

{{Infobox church

|name=San Girolamo dei Croati

|other name=St. Jerome of the Croatians {{in lang|en}}
Sancti Hieronymi Croatorum {{in lang|la}}

|native_name=

|image=Église San Girolamo Croati - Rome (IT62) - 2021-08-29 - 4.jpg

|caption=Saint Jerome of the Croats

|mapframe=yes

|mapframe-caption=Click on the map for a fullscreen view

|mapframe-zoom=12

|mapframe-marker=religious-christian

|coordinates=

{{coord|41.905|N|12.4757|E|source:wikidata|display=ti|format=dms}}

|location=Via Tomacelli 132, Rome

|country=Italy

|province=

|district=

|denomination=Roman Catholic

|tradition=Roman Rite

|cardinal protector=Josip Bozanic

|dedication=Jerome

|consecration year=1587

|status=Titular church,
national church

|architect=

|style=

|architectural type=Church

|groundbreaking=1585

|completed date=1587

|length=

|width=

|width nave=

|height=

|materials=

|website=

}}

Saint Jerome of the Croats is the national Catholic church of Croatia on Via Tomacelli in the Campus Martius of Rome. It is now a chapel of the Pontifical Croatian College of Saint Jerome in Rome and is only open to visitors by arrangement with the College.

File:San Girolamo degli Schiavoni.jpg

Name

It is also known as "St. Jerome of the Illyrians" ({{langx|it|San Girolamo degli Illirici}}), and was formerly known as "St. Jerome of the Slavs" ({{langx|it|San Girolamo degli Schiavoni}}).[https://www.turismoroma.it/en/places/church-san-girolamo-dei-croati "Church of San Girolamo dei Croati", Turismo Roma, Major Events, Sport, Tourism and Fashion Department]

History

File:Chiesa di S. Girolamo della Natione dei schiavoni nella regione di campo Marzo à Ripetta by Giovanni Battista Falda (1667-1669).png

It was first built in 1585-1587 for refugees from areas ruled by the Turks, and dedicated to St Jerome, who was from Dalmatia (former Roman Illyricum).[http://www.romaspqr.it/ROMA/Chiese_rinascimentali/interno_s_girolamo_degli_illirici.htm Interior of San Girolamo degli illirici] The small, ruined church of Santa Marina de Posterula had been given to them in 1453 (the year of the Fall of Constantinople) by Pope Nicholas V, for the construction of a church and hospice. It once faced the port built on the Tiber River, called the Porto di Ripetta.Blunt, Anthony. Guide to Baroque Rome, Granada, 1982, p. 254-5

The confraternity was renamed Congregatio or "Society of St. Jerome" in 1544.

Architecture

Around 1588, Pope Sixtus V, who as Cardinal Montalvo had served as cardinal-protector, commissioned Martino Longhi the Elder to completely rebuild the church and add a bell tower.[https://religiana.com/chiesa-di-san-girolamo-dei-croati-rome "Chiesa di San Girolamo dei Croati", Religiana.com] The late Renaissance façade is of travertine, decorated with the pope’s emblems.

The fresco on the interior cupola was done in a Trompe-l'œil effect by Giovanni Guerra around 1590. The Evangelists on the pendentives are by Paolo Guidotti. Andrea Lilio provided frescoes for the transept side vaults. Most of them had previously done work for Sixtus at the Vatican. Frescoes in the nave were completed by Pietro Gagliardi in 1847 from a bequest of Pope Pius IX.[https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/pietro-gagliardi_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)/ "Gagliardi, Pietro", Treccani]

The church underwent restoration in 2018 after the earthquakes of two years prior.

Burials

Early burials took place in the guesthouse cemetery.[https://books.google.com/books?id=wEF5oN5erE0C&pg=PA440 Fine, John V.A.. When Ethnicity Did Not Matter in the Balkans: A Study of Identity in Pre-Nationalist Croatia, Dalmatia, and Slavonia in the Medieval and Early-Modern Periods, University of Michigan Press, 2010, p. 426]{{isbn|9780472025602}}

  • Juraj Barakovic, poet, 1628
  • Johannes Lucius, historian, 1679{{cite encyclopedia | last = Stoy | first = Manfred | editor-last = Mathias Bernath, Felix von Schroeder | editor-first = | encyclopedia = Biographisches Lexikon zur Geschichte Südosteuropas | title = Lucius, Ivan | url = http://www.biolex.ios-regensburg.de/BioLexViewview.php?ID=1265 | year = 1979 | publisher = Oldenbourg Verlag | location = München | isbn = 978-3-486-48991-0 | pages = 50–51}}
  • Ivan Paštrić, linguist, 1708

Image:Italienischer Photograph um 1865 - Der Porto di Ripetta (Zeno Fotografie).jpg

List of Cardinal Protectors

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References

{{Reflist}}

Sources

  • Mariano Armellini, [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/I/Gazetteer/Places/Europe/Italy/Lazio/Roma/Rome/churches/_Texts/Armellini/ARMCHI*/2/Campomarzio.html Le chiese di Roma dal secolo IV al XIX, Roma 1891], pp. 328–329
  • Christian Hülsen, [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/I/Gazetteer/Places/Europe/Italy/Lazio/Roma/Rome/churches/_Texts/Huelsen/HUECHI*/2/M.html#M106 Le chiese di Roma nel Medio Evo, Firenze 1927], pp. 380–381
  • [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/I/Gazetteer/Places/Europe/Italy/Lazio/Roma/Rome/_Texts/Titi/1763*/8.html#S.Girolamo_degli_Schiavoni F. Titi, Descrizione delle Pitture, Sculture e Architetture esposte in Roma: San Girolamo degli Illiri, Roma 1763], pp. 396–397

{{Commons cat|San Girolamo dei Croati (Rome)}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Titular churches

Saint Jerome of the Croats

Category:National churches in Rome

Category:Churches of Rome (rione Campo Marzio)