San Patricio Church massacre

{{Short description|1976 Mass murder in Buenos Aires, Argentina}}

{{Expand Spanish|topic=hist|Masacre de San Patricio|fa=yes|date=September 2012}}

File:Placa Padres Palotinos - Kirchner en San Silvestre - 24ABR05-presidencia-govar (2).jpg in Rome.]]

File:Forensic photo of the San Patricio church massacre.gif photo of the bodies of the Pallottine Fathers.]]

The San Patricio Church massacre was the mass murder of three priests and two seminarians of the Pallottine order on July 4, 1976, during the Dirty War, at St. Patrick's Church, located in the Belgrano neighborhood of the Buenos Aires, Argentina. The victims were priests Alfredo Leaden, Alfredo Kelly, and Pedro Duffau and seminarians Salvador Barbeito and Emilio Barletti. The murders were ordered by Argentine Navy Rear Admiral Ruben Chamorro.

The crime

At approximately 1:00 a.m. on Sunday {{#dateformat:4 July 1976|mdy}}, three youths, Luis Pinasco, Guillermo Silva, and Julio Víctor Martínez, watched as two cars parked in front of the church of San Patricio.

As the son of a soldier, Martínez thought it might be part of an assassination attempt on his father, so he went to Police Station No. 37 to make a report.

Minutes later, a police car arrived on the scene and officer Miguel Ángel Romano spoke with people who were suspects in the case.

At 2:00am Silva and Pinasco saw a group of people with rifles getting out of the cars and moving into the church.

Later in the morning, at the time of the first Mass, a group of worshippers waiting in front of the church found the door closed.

Surprised by the situation, Fernando Savino, an organist from the parish, decided to enter through a window and found on the first floor the bodies of the five religious riddled with bullets, and lined-up face down in a pool of blood on a red carpet.

The murderers had written with chalk on a door:

{{quote|{{lang|es|Por los camaradas dinamitados en Seguridad Federal. Venceremos. Viva la Patria.}}
(For the comrades blown up at Federal Security. We will prevail. Long live the Fatherland.)}}

They also wrote on a carpet:

{{quote|{{lang|es|Estos zurdos murieron por ser adoctrinadores de mentes vírgenes y son M.S.T.M.}}
(These lefties were killed for being indoctrinators of innocent minds and are [part of the] M.S.T.M.)}}

The initials "M.S.T.M." stand for {{lang|es|Movimiento de Sacerdotes para el Tercer Mundo}} (the Movement of Priests for the Third World), while the first sentence about "Federal Security" refers to a bomb attack perpetrated by Montoneros (whose motto was "Venceremos"{{hsp}}) two days prior in the dining room of the Argentine Federal Police headquarters, killing 23 people.{{cite web

|title= Denuncia penal por ataque terrorista de Montoneros en 1976

|work= El Ojo Digital

|url=http://www.elojodigital.com/sociedad/2005/08/21/618.html

|date= August 21, 2005|language=es}} [https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=es&u=www.elojodigital.com/sociedad/2005/08/21/618.html Google translation]

On the body of Salvador Barbeito the murderers placed a cartoon by Quino, taken from one of the rooms, in which Mafalda appears pointing to a policeman's baton saying: {{lang|es|«Este es el palito de abollar ideologías»}} ("This is the ideology-denting stick").{{cite web

|title= Mafalda – historieta con historia

|author= Marcelo Luna

|work= Icaro Digital

|url=http://icarodigital.com.ar/numero10/ajoylimones/mafalda/mafalda.htm

|accessdate = 10 December 2007|language=es}} [https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=es&u=www.icarodigital.com.ar/numero10/ajoylimones/mafalda/mafalda.htm Google translation]

The following day, the newspaper La Nación published a story about the slaughter which included the text of a communiqué from Area Command I of the Army that read:

{{quote|{{lang|es|Elementos subversivos asesinaron cobardemente a los sacerdotes y seminaristas. El vandálico hecho fue cometido en dependencias de la iglesia San Patricio, lo cual demuestra que sus autores, además de no tener Patria, tampoco tienen Dios.}}
(Subversive [leftist] agents have cowardly murdered the priests and seminarians. The barbaric incident was committed on the premises of St. Patrick's Church, which shows that the perpetrators are unpatriotic and godless.){{cite web

|title = Crimen en San Patricio

|author = La Nación

|publisher = La Nación, 5 de julio de 1976

|url=

|accessdate = |language=es}}}}

Testimony before the CONADEP Commission in 1984 indicated that the San Patricio Church murders were carried out by members of the Argentine Navy on the orders of Rear Admiral Ruben Chamorro, head of Navy Petty-Officers School of Mechanics (ESMA).Patricia Marchak, [https://books.google.com/books?id=gQeLzE60jDgC&dq=San+Patricio+Church+massacre&pg=PA160 God's Assassins: State Terrorism in Argentina in the 1970s], McGill-Queen's University Press, 1999, {{ISBN|0773520139}}; p. 160Martin Edwin Andersen, Dossier Secreto: Argentina's Desaparecidos and the Myth of the "Dirty War", Westview Press, 1993, {{ISBN|0813382122}}; pp. 187-188

Cause for beatification

The superior general of the Pallottine fathers in Argentina, Bishop Seamus Freeman, sought out Fr. Jorge Bergoglio for support in the campaign for beatification for those killed in the attack.[http://www.rte.ie/radio/radioplayer/rteradioweb.html?_escaped_fragment_=rii=9%3A20171302%3A133%3A14%2D03%2D2013%3A RTÉ1 (Raidió Teilifís Éireann, Ireland's National Public Service Broadcaster) Pat Kenny interviews Bishop Seamus Freeman on memories of the violent events of 1976, broadcast date March 14, 2013 (online podcast)]

In 2005, Cardinal Bergoglio, who subsequently became Pope Francis, authorised the request for beatification.{{cite web |url=http://www.pallottines.ie/articles/135-they-lived-together-and-they-died-together |title=They Lived Together And They Died Together |publisher=Pallottines.ie |accessdate=2013-01-25 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130329185843/http://www.pallottines.ie/articles/135-they-lived-together-and-they-died-together |archivedate=2013-03-29 }}

References

External links

In English:

[https://web.archive.org/web/20140824111417/http://www.fivemartyrs.org/index.html The Massacre at St. Patrick’s] International Memorial

In Spanish:

[http://www.desaparecidos.org/arg/conadep/nuncamas/356.html El caso de los padres palotinos, Informe Nunca Más, CONADEP, 1985]
[http://www.pagina12.com.ar/diario/elpais/1-69351-2006-07-02.html A treinta años de la masacre de San Patricio, por Eduardo Kimel, Página 12, 2 de julio de 2006]
[http://www.clarin.com/diario/2005/09/16/elpais/p-00404.htm Monumento a los padres palotinos, Clarín, 2 de julio de 2006] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070911051846/http://www.clarin.com/diario/2005/09/16/elpais/p-00404.htm |date=September 11, 2007 }}
[http://www.clarin.com/diario/2006/04/11/um/m-01175644.htm Kirchner y Bergoglio, juntos en una misa de homenaje a sacerdotes palotinos, Clarín, 11 de abril de 2006] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071017190935/http://www.clarin.com/diario/2006/04/11/um/m-01175644.htm |date=October 17, 2007 }}
[http://www.argenpress.info/nota.asp?num=022019 29 años de la Masacre de San Patricio, Argenpress, 4 de julio de 2005]
[http://www.irishgenealogy.com.ar/biblioteca/biografias/Martires_palotinos/Martires_palotinos.htm Mártires Palotinos, por Cármen Lynch, Comisión Permanente para la Memoria de los Mártires Palotinos] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071113070729/http://www.irishgenealogy.com.ar/biblioteca/biografias/Martires_palotinos/Martires_palotinos.htm |date=November 13, 2007 }}
[https://web.archive.org/web/20081211110650/http://www.elortiba.org/sanpa.html Masacre de San Patricio - Compilación de artículos]
[https://web.archive.org/web/20081005034211/http://www.film4dejulio.com.ar/ “4 de julio – La masacre de San Patricio” – Documental sobre los asesinatos del 4 de julio de 1976], [https://web.archive.org/web/20090403035141/http://www.film4dejulio.com.ar/ archive version] - [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0983992/ IMDB]
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j4Zowm97k9o Trailer (no subtitles)] on YouTube
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6OHPf5CCa9Y&list=PL8C93B63283F007BE Full movie (w/ English subtitles)] as a 10-part playlist on YouTube