Sandal Magna

The name Sandal derives from the Early Scandinavian {{Lang|non|sandr}} meaning sand or gravel and {{lang|ang|healh}}, a meadow.{{Harvnb|Walker|1966|p=39}}

In the Domesday Book of 1086 Sandal is recorded as a {{lang|ang|berewic}} (a village where barley was grown) in Wachefeld (Wakefield) where there was a church with a priest. The church was on the site of the present church of St Helen.{{Harvnb|Walker|1966|p=42}}

William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey (1081–1138) was granted the Sandal estates in 1107 and began the building of Sandal Castle which became the baronial seat of the lords of the manor of Wakefield.{{Harvnb|Butler|1991|p=19}}{{citation |url=http://www.richard111.com/sandal_castle.htm |title=Sandal Castle |publisher=www.richard111.com |access-date=7 May 2009}}

During the Wars of the Roses, the Duke of York was killed on 30 December 1460 in the Battle of Wakefield fought between Sandal Castle and St Helen's Church.

There are records of mining for coal and quarrying for stone in the 14th century.{{Harvnb|Walker|1966|p=105}}

The highwayman John Nevison was arrested on 6 March 1684 at the Three Houses Inn and tried for the murder of Darcy Fletcher, a constable who had tried to arrest him near Howley Hall at Soothill in Batley.{{cite ODNB |title=Nevison [Nevinson], John [William] (d. 1684), highwayman |author=Wales, Tim |year=2004 |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/19970 |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/19970 |access-date=12 April 2013}}

Sandal, situated on the south side of the River Calder on the road from Wakefield to Barnsley, covers {{cvt|1700|acre|0}}.{{citation |last=Lewis |first=Samuel |title=Sandall, Great (St. Helen) |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=51254#s13 |work=A Topographical Dictionary of England |publisher=British History Online |pages=580–583 |year=1848 |access-date=1 May 2010}} It is {{cvt|2|mi}} from Wakefield, {{cvt|8|mi}} from Barnsley, {{cvt|9|mi}} from Pontefract, {{cvt|15|mi}} from Leeds, {{cvt|19|mi}} from Bradford, {{cvt|25|mi}} from Sheffield, and {{cvt|30|mi}} from York. The main road through Sandal is the A61 Wakefield-to-Barnsley road.

Location grid

{{Geographic location

|Centre = Sandal

|North = Wakefield

|Northeast = Normanton

|East = Crofton

|Southeast = Ryhill

|South = Barnsley

|Southwest = West Bretton

|West = Horbury

|Northwest = Ossett

}}

File:St Helen's Church, Sandal.JPG

Sandal was anciently a parish town in the Agbrigg Division of the wapentake of Agbrigg and Morley in the liberty of Wakefield, West Riding of Yorkshire. Following the Poor Law Amendment Act 1834, Sandal Magna became one of the 17 constituent parishes of the Wakefield Poor Law Union formed in 1837.{{citation |title=Wakefield Workhouses |url=http://www.workhouses.org.uk/index.html?Wakefield/Wakefield.shtml |publisher=workhouses.org.uk |access-date=27 June 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605234709/http://www.workhouses.org.uk/index.html?Wakefield%2FWakefield.shtml |archive-date=5 June 2011}}

From 1894 to 1909 Sandal Magna was an urban district. The district contained the civil parish of Sandal Magna.{{cite web|url=https://visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10153529|title=Relationships and changes Sandal Magna UD through time|publisher=A Vision of Britain through Time|accessdate=12 October 2024}} In 1921 the parish had a population of 9280.{{cite web|url=https://visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10466740/cube/TOT_POP|title=Population statistics Sandal Magna CP/AP through time|publisher=A Vision of Britain through Time|accessdate=12 October 2024}} On 1 April 1925 the parish was abolished and merged with Wakefield.{{cite web|url=https://visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10466740|title=Relationships and changes Sandal Magna CP/AP through time|publisher=A Vision of Britain through Time|accessdate=12 October 2024}}

Sandal Magna's church is dedicated to St. Helen, the mother of Constantine the Great. At the time of the Norman Conquest Sandal Church was a possession of the crown. The Saxon church was recorded as one of two churches in the Wakefield manor in the Domesday Book of 1086.

In about 1150 the first church was replaced by a second church in the shape of a Latin cross by Earl Warenne of Sandal Castle. It was enlarged in about 1180 and almost completely rebuilt in the first half of the 14th century. The church was altered and extended after 1505 and the present church extensively restored and enlarged in 1872.{{citation |title=Church History |url=http://www.sandalmagna.com/index.php?ids=41x0x1x1xaxxxnxx |publisher=Sandal Magna Church |access-date=12 March 2010}}

The Sandal and Agbrigg railway station{{cite web |url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/SNA/details.html |title=Sandal & Agbrigg (SNA) |publisher=National Rail |access-date= 29 December 2017}} on the Wakefield line (part of the West Yorkshire Metro) with services operated by Northern{{cite web |url=https://be803fe5c416e39d38ae-aa21086260d3bd4e072d597fe09c2e80.ssl.cf3.rackcdn.com/images/timetables/2017-10/winter-timetables/Northern-42-Leeds-to-Sheffield-and-Doncaster-1017.pdf |title=42 Train times 10 December 2017–19 May 2018 – Leeds to Sherfield and Doncaster (Wakefield Line) |access-date= 29 December 2017}} is at the north-east side of the neighbourhood and serves Sandal and the adjacent suburb of Agbrigg.

Largely a residential area, its amenities include a library,

{{citation |url=http://www.wakefield.gov.uk/CultureAndLeisure/Libraries/FindLibrary/SandalLibrary/default.htm |title=Sandal Library |publisher=www.wakefield.gov.uk |access-date=17 June 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081227075353/http://www.wakefield.gov.uk/CultureAndLeisure/Libraries/FindLibrary/SandalLibrary/default.htm |archive-date=27 December 2008}} schools,{{cite web |url=http://www.schoolsnet.com/uk-schools/school-details-reviews/wakefield/wakefield-sandal-magna-junior-infants-school/16180339/0/212515.html |title=Wakefield Sandal Magna Junior And Infants School Wakefield: Read Parent Reviews & Rankings |publisher=www.schoolsnet.com |access-date=17 June 2009}} the Anglican church of St Helen,{{cite web |url=http://www.sandalmagna.com/ |title=Welcome: We warmly welcome you to the website of The Parish of Sandal Magna. |publisher=www.sandalmagna.com |access-date=17 June 2009}} a Methodist church{{cite web |url=http://www.sandalmethodistchurch.org/ |title=Home |website=www.sandalmethodistchurch.org |access-date=17 January 2018}} and a supermarket.

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• {{cite book |last=Butler |first=Lawrence AS |title=Sandal Castle, Wakefield: the history and archaeology of a medieval castle |location=Wakefield, West Yorkshire |series=Wakefield Historical Publications, 30 |publisher=Wakefield Historical Publications |year=1991 |isbn=9780901869319 |oclc=26361664}}
• {{cite book |last=Walker |first=John William |others=New preface of Vol. 2 by H. Milnes Walker |title=Wakefield its History and People |volume=1&2 |edition=3rd|orig-year=Originally printed by The West Yorkshire (i.e. Yorkshire) Printing Co Limited, Wakefield, Privately printed 1939 |location=Wakefield |publisher=S.R. Publishers |date=1966 |oclc=155230198}}

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{{authority control}}

{{Wakefield, West Yorkshire}}

Category:Suburbs of Wakefield

Category:Former civil parishes in West Yorkshire