Sarcophaga
{{short description|Genus of insects (true flies)}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Fly June 2009-4.jpg
| image_caption = Sarcophaga africa
| taxon = Sarcophaga
| authority = Meigen, 1826{{cite book |last1=Meigen |first1=J.W. |title=Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europäische n zweiflugeligen Insekten |date=1826 |publisher=Vierter Theil. Schulz-Wundermann |location=Hamm |pages=xii + 412 pp., pls. 42–54}}
| type_species = Sarcophaga carnaria
| type_species_authority = (Linnaeus, 1758){{cite book |title=Sarcophaga and Allies in North America |author=J. M. Aldrich |publisher=BiblioBazaar |year=2009 | orig-year=Originally published 1916 |isbn=978-1-115-40881-3}} Read the original edition of {{Google Books|id=iJ_wAAAAMAAJ|title=Sarcophaga and Allies in North America}}.
}}
Sarcophaga is a genus of true flies and the type genus of the flesh-fly family (Sarcophagidae). The members of this cosmopolitan genus are frequently known as common flesh flies. There are more than 1000 species in Sarcophaga.
This genus occurs essentially worldwide. These flies are generally well-sized and of a greyish color; like many of their relatives, the typical patterns are lengthwise darker stripes on the thorax and dark and light square dots on the abdomen. Many have conspicuous red compound eyes. These are set further apart in females than in males; the females are also larger on average. As typical for this family, it is almost impossible to tell the species apart from their outward appearance, and many can only be reliably identified by microscopic examination of the males' genitalia.{{cite book |last= Pape |first= Thomas |title=The Sarcophagidae (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark |type= Print |series= Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica |volume= 19 |year= 1987 |publisher= E..J Brill |location= Leiden |isbn= 90-04-08184-4 |pages= 1–203 }}
As the common name implies, their larvae typically feed on decaying meat. Some, however, instead eat the bacteria and other small organisms living on carrion. Many species have adapted to humans, and while they are usually nuisance pests, some are medically significant vectors of pathogens and bacteria. Sometimes, the larvae cause myiasis. Others are parasitoids of pest caterpillars and beneficial in forestry and orchards.
Well-known species are Sarcophaga africa, Sarcophaga bercaea, the grey flesh-fly Sarcophaga bullata, Sarcophaga carnaria, Sarcophaga crassipalpis, the friendly fly Sarcophaga aldrichi and the red-tailed flesh-fly Sarcophaga haemorrhoidalis.
Subgenera
The immense number of Sarcophaga species is divided among the following subgenera, some of which are occasionally considered (and may well be) distinct genera:
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
- Aethianella Zumpt, 1972{{cite journal |last1=Zumpt |first1=Fritz Konrad Ernst |title=Calliphoridae (Diptera Cyclorrhapha). Part IV. Sarcophaginae |journal=Explor. Parc Natn. Albert, Miss. G.F. De Witte |date=1972 |volume=101 |pages=1–264}}
- Aethiopisca Rohdendorf, 1963{{cite journal |last1=Rohdendorf |first1=Boris Borisovitsch |title=Über das System der Sarcophaginen der äthiopischen Fauna |journal=Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde |date=1963 |volume=124 |pages=1–22}}
- Afrohelicobia Zumpt, 1972
- Afrothyrsocnema Rohdendorf, 1963
- Alisarcophagaa Fan & Chen, 1981{{cite journal |last1=Fan |first1=Z.-d. |last2=Chen |first2=Z.-z |title=A new genus and a new species belonging to Sarcophagini from Hainan Island, China (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) |journal=Contr. Shanghai Inst. Ent |date=1981 |volume=2 |pages=241–244}}
- Amharomyia Verves, 1984{{cite journal |last1=Verves |first1=Yury Grygorovych |title=A new Sarcophaginae fly genus (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) from Ethiopia |journal=Vest. Zool. |date=1984 |volume=1984 |issue=2 |pages=41–46}}
- Anthostilophalla Lehrer, 1993{{cite journal |last1=Lehrer |first1=Andy |title=Anthostilophalla klinzigi gen.n., sp.n. d'Afrique du Sud (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) |journal=Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de Mulhouse |date=1993 |volume=1993 |pages=1–4}}
- Asceloctella Enderlein, 1928{{cite journal |last1=Enderlein |first1=G. |title=Klassifikation der Sarcophagiden. Sarcophagiden-Studien I |journal=Archiv für Klassifikatorische und Phylogenetische Entomologie |date=1928 |volume=1 |pages=1–56}}
- Asiopierretia Rohdendorf, 1965{{cite journal |last1=Rohdendorf |first1=B.B. |title=Composition of the tribe Sarcophagini (Diptera,Sarcophagidae) in Eurasia |journal=Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie |date=1965 |volume=44 |pages=676–695}}
- Australopierretia Verves, 1987{{cite journal |last1=Verves |first1=Yury Grygorovych |title=Sarcophagidae (Diptera), collected by V.F. Zaitzev and G.M. Dlusskij in Australia and Oceania |journal=Entomologicheskoe Óbozrenie |date=1987 |volume=66 |pages=653–668}}
- Baliisca Verves, 1980{{cite journal |last1=Verves |first1=Yury Grygorovych |title=Sarcophagidae (Diptera) of southeast Asia and Pacific Islands |journal=Nauchnye Doklady Vyshey Shkoly, Biologicheskie Nauki |date=1980 |volume=11 |pages=35–41 |language=ru}}
- Baranovisca Lopes, 1985{{cite journal |last1=Lopes |first1=H.d.S. |title=A new genus of Sarcophagidae (Diptera), based on an Australian species living on spider egg cases |journal=Australian Entomological Magazine |date=1985 |volume=12 |pages=51–53}}
- Batissophalla Rohdendorf, 1963
- Bellieriomima Rohdendorf, 1937{{cite journal |last1=Rohdendorf |first1=Boris Borisovitsch |title=Fam. Sarcophagidae. (P. 1) |journal=Fauna USSR |date=1937 |volume=19 |pages=xv + 1-501 + [1] |publisher=Russian}}
- Bercaea (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863){{cite book |last= Robineau-Desvoidy|first= Jean-Baptiste |date= 1863 |title= Histoire naturelle des dipteres des environs de Paris. |url= https://archive.org/download/histoirenaturell02robi/histoirenaturell02robi.pdf|publisher= Masson et Fils, Paris.|volume= Tome second|pages= 1–920 |access-date=15 February 2015}}
- Bercaeopsis Townsend, 1917{{cite journal |last1=Townsend |first1=Charles Henry Tyler |title=Genera of the dipterous tribe Sarcophagini |journal=Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington |date=1917 |volume=30 |pages=189–197 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/3334990#page/219/mode/1up |access-date=6 January 2021}}
- Beziella Enderlein, 1937{{cite journal |last1=Enderlein |first1=Günther |title=Zwei neuen Sarcophagiden-Gattungen (Dipt.) |journal=Mitteilungen der Deutschen Entomologischen Gesellschaft |date=1937 |volume=8 |pages=28–29}}
- Bilenemyia Verves, 1989{{cite journal |last1=Verves |first1=Yury Grygorovych |title=On the subtribes Phytosarcophagina, Erwinlindneriina, Kozloveina and Xanthopteriscina (Sarcophagini, Sarcophaginae, Sarcophagidae) |journal=Biol. Naukii |date=1989 |pages=31–37 |language=ru}}
- Boettcheria Rohdendorf, 1937
- Brasia Strand, 1932{{cite journal |last1=Strand |first1=E. |title=Miscellanea nomenclatoria zoologia et palaeontologica. III. |journal=Folia Zoologica et Hydrobiologica Riga |date=1932 |volume=4 |pages=133–147}}
- Caledonia Curran, 1929{{cite journal |last1=Curran |first1=Charles Howard |title=Diptera collected by Prof. and Mrs. Cockerell in New Caledonia and Fiji Islands |journal=American Museum Novitates |date=1929 |issue=375 |pages=1–15 |url=http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstream/handle/2246/3128//v2/dspace/ingest/pdfSource/nov/N0375.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |access-date=6 January 2021}}
- Callostuckenbergia Lehrer & Lehrer, 1992{{cite journal |last1=Lehrer |first1=A.Z. |last2=Lehrer |first2=M.M. |title=Trois genres et deux espèces nouveaux de Sarcophagines africaines (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) |journal=Bulletin et Annales de la Société Royale Belge d'Entomologie |date=1992 |volume=122 |pages=233–241 |url=http://www.ibigbiology.com/fotos/publicacoes/publicacoes_Lehrer1986_SarcophaginesNouvellesIllesCanaries.pdf |access-date=6 January 2021}}
- Camerounisca Verves, 1989
- Cercosarcophaga Zumpt, 1972
- Chaetophalla Rohdendorf, 1963
- Chrysosarcophaga Townsend, 1933{{cite journal |last= Townsend |first= C. H. T. |date= 1933 |title= New genera and species of Old World oestromuscoid flies |journal=Journal of the New York Entomological Society |volume= 40 |pages= 439–479}}
- Curranisca Rohdendorf, 1963
- Curtophalla Lehrer, 1994{{cite journal |last1=Lehrer |first1=Andy |title=Eight new Sarcophaginae genera from African continent (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) |journal=Entomologica, Bari |date=1994 |volume=28 |pages=17–36}}
- Cyclophalla Rohdendorf, 1963
- Danbeckia Lehrer, 1994
- Dinemomyia Chen, 1975{{cite journal |last1=Chen |first1=Z.-z. |title=Descriptions of a new genus and two new species of Chinese flies of the Tribe Sarcophagini (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) |journal=Acta Ecologica Sinica |date=1975 |volume=18 |pages=114–118 |language=zh}}
- Diplonophalla Lehrer, 1994
- Discachaeta Enderlein, 1928
- Drakensbergiana Lehrer, 1992{{cite journal |last1=Lehrer |first1=Andy |title=Trois nouveaux genres sud-africains de la sous-famille Sarcophaginae (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) |journal=Entomologia, Bari |date=1992 |volume=27 |pages=29–39 |url=https://ojs.cimedoc.uniba.it/index.php/entomol/article/download/635/481 |access-date=6 January 2021 |language=fr}}
- Durbanella Lehrer, 1994
- Dysparaphalla Rohdendorf, 1965
- Fengia Rohdendorf, 1964{{cite journal |last1=Rohdendorf |first1=Boris Borisovitsch |title=Some data on gray flesh-flies from South China (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) |journal=Ént. Obozr. |date=1964 |volume=43 |pages=80–85 |language=ru}}
- Fergusonimyia Lopes, 1958{{cite journal |last1=Lopes |first1=H. de Souza |title=A remarkable new genus of Sarcophagidae from Australia (Diptera). |journal=Studia Entomologica |date=1958 |volume=1 |pages=545–552}}
- Fijimyia Lopes & Kano, 1971{{cite journal |last1=Lopes |first1=H.S. |last2=Kano |first2=R. |title=On a new genus, Fijimyia, for Sarcophaga tephyrura Bezzi, 1927 (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) |journal=Pacific Insects |date=1971 |volume=13 |pages=603–606}}
- Hadroxena Whitmore, Buenaventura & Pape, 2018{{cite journal |last1=Whitmore |first1=Daniel |last2=Buenaventura |first2=Eliana |last3=Pape |first3=Thomas |title=Odd, outsized, and obscure: Sarcophaga (Hadroxena) karakoncolos sp. n. (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) from Turkey |journal=Zootaxa |date=2018 |volume=4422 |issue=3 |pages=385–394 |publisher=Magnolia Press |location=Auckland, New Zealand |issn=1175-5334 |pmid=30313492 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4422.3.4}}
- Hardyella Lopes, 1959{{cite journal |last1=Lopes |first1=H. de Souza |title=A revision of Australian Sarcophagidae (Diptera) |journal=Studia Entomologica |date=1959 |volume=2 |pages=33–67}}
- Harpagophalla Rohdendorf, 1937
- Harpagophalloides Rohdendorf, 1963
- Helicophagella Enderlein, 1928
- Heteronychia Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889{{cite journal |last1=Brauer |first1=F. |last2=Bergenstamm |first2=J.E. von |title=Die Zweiflugler des Kaiserlichen Museums zu Wien. IV. Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Muscaria Schizometopa (exclusive Anthomyidae) |journal=Pars I. Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien |date=1889 |volume=56 |issue=1 |pages=69–180, 11 pls}}
- Hoa Rohdendorf, 1937
- Hosarcophaga Shinonaga & Tumrasvin, 1979{{cite journal |last1=Shinonaga |first1=S. |last2=Tumrasvin |first2=W. |title=Two new genera and ten new species of the sarcophagid flies from Thailand (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) |journal= Japanese Journal of Sanitary Zoology |date=1979 |volume=30 |issue=2 |pages=135–145|doi=10.7601/mez.30.135 |doi-access=free }}
- Hyperacanthisca Rohdendorf, 1963
- Ihosyia Verves, 1989
- Iranihindia Rohdendorf, 1961
- Johnsonimima Kano & Lopes, 1971{{cite journal |last1=Kano |first1=R. |last2=Lopes |first2=H.S. |title=A new genus, Johnsonimima, and two new species belonging to this genus from the Solomon Islands (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) |journal=Pacific Insects |date=1971 |volume=13 |pages=597–602 |url=http://hbs.bishopmuseum.org/pi/pdf/13(3)-597.pdf |access-date=5 January 2021}}
- Johnstonimyia Lopes, 1959
- Kalshovenella Baranov, 1941{{cite journal |last1=Baranov |first1=N. |title=Zweiter Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Gattung Sarcophaga (s.l.). |journal=Veterinarski Arhiv |date=1941 |volume=11 |pages=361–404 |language=hr}}
- Kanoa Rohdendorf, 1965
- Kanomyia Shinonaga & Tumrasvin, 1979
- Kozlovea Rohdendorf, 1937
- Kramerea Rohdendorf, 1937
- Krameromyia Verves, 1982{{cite journal |last1=Verves |first1=Yury Grygorovych |title=New data on the taxonomy of Sarcophagidae (Diptera) |journal=Ént. Obozr. |date=1982 |volume=61 |pages=188–189 |publisher=Russian}}
- Leucomyia Brauer & von Bergenstamm, 1891{{cite journal |last1=Brauer |first1=Friedrich Moritz |last2=Bergenstamm |first2=Julius E. von |title=Die Zweiflugler des Kaiserlichen Museums zu Wien. V. Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Muscaria Schizometopa (exclusive Anthomyidae). Pars II |journal=Denkschrift der Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien |date=1891 |volume=58 |pages=305–446 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/244781#page/314/mode/1up |access-date=15 December 2020}}
- Lipoptilocnema Townsend, 1934{{cite journal |last1=Townsend |first1=Charles Henry Tyler |year=1934 |title=Muscoid notes and descriptions |journal=Revista de Entomologia |volume=4 |pages=110–112}}
- Lioplacella Enderlein, 1928
- Lioproctia Enderlein, 1928
- Liopygia Enderlein, 1928
- Liosarcophaga Enderlein, 1928
- Macabiella Lehrer, 1994
- Mandalania Lehrer, 1994
- Mauritiella Verves, 1989
- Mehria Enderlein, 1928
- Mimarhopocnemis Rohdendorf, 1937
- Mindanaoa Lopes & Kano, 1979{{cite journal |last1=Lopes |first1=H. de Souza |last2=Kano |first2=R. |title=On Mindanaoa villipes n.gen., n.sp., from the Philippine Islands (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) |journal=Revista Brasileira de Biologia |date=1979 |volume=39 |pages=483–485}}
- Mufindia Verves, 1990{{cite journal |last1=Verves |first1=Yury Grygorovych |title=Prof. Hugo de Souza Lopes and the modern system of Sarcophagidae (Diptera) |journal=Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz |date=1990 |volume=84 |issue=suppl. IV |pages=529–545 |doi=10.1590/S0074-02761989000800094 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/245856847 |access-date=7 January 2021|doi-access=free }}
- Myorhina Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830
- Neobellieria Blanchard, 1939{{cite journal |last1=Blanchard |first1=E.E. |title=Los sarcofágidos argentinos. Contribución a su conocimiento |journal=Physis |date=1939 |volume=17 |pages=791–856}}
- Neosarcophaga Shewell, 1996{{cite journal |last1=Shewell |first1=G.E. |title=Validation of Neosarcophaga Shewell, nomen nudum (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) |journal=Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington |date=1996 |volume=98 |pages=375 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28254554#page/385/mode/1up |access-date=5 January 2021}}
- Nesbittia Verves, 1989
- Nigerimyia Verves, 1989
- Nihonea Rohdendorf, 1965
- Notoecus Stein, 1924{{cite journal |last1=Stein |first1=Paul |title=Die verbreitetsten Tachiniden Mitteleuropas nach ihren Gattungen und Arten |journal=Archiv für Naturgeschichte |date=1924 |volume=90A |issue=6 |pages=1–271 |url=https://www.zobodat.at/pdf/Archiv-Naturgeschichte_90A_6_0001-0271.pdf |access-date=8 January 2021}}
- Nudicerca Rohdendorf, 1965
- Nuzzaciella Lehrer, 1994{{cite journal |last1=Lehrer |first1=Andy Z. |title=Deux nouveaux genres pour la faune des Sarcophagines afrotropicales (Insecta: Diptera: Sarcophagidae) |journal=Reichenbachia |date=1994 |volume=30 |pages=211–216}}
- Nyikamyia Lehrer, 1994
- Pandelleana Rohdendorf, 1937
- Pandelleisca Rohdendorf, 1937
- Paraethiopisca Zumpt, 1972
- Parasarcophaga Johnston & Tiegs, 1921{{cite journal |last1=Johnston |first1=T.H. |last2=Tiegs |first2=C.W. |title=New and little-known sarcophagid flies from south-eastern Queensland |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland |date=1921 |volume=33 |pages=46–90 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13901988#page/68/mode/1up |access-date=8 January 2021}}
- Petuniophalla Lehrer, 1994
- Phalacrodiscus Enderlein, 1928
- Phallantha Rohdendorf, 1938{{cite journal |last1=Rohdendorf |first1=Boris Borisovitsch |title=New species of Sarcophaginae from the Sikhote-Alin State Reserve territory, collected by K.Ya. Grunin. |journal=Trans. Sikhote-Alin St. Res. |date=1938 |volume=2 |pages=101–110 |publisher=Russian}}
- Phallanthisca Rohdendorf, 1965
- Phallocheira Rohdendorf, 1937
- Phallonychia Verves, 1982
- Phallosphaera Rohdendorf, 1938
- Phytosarcophaga Rohdendorf, 1937
- Poecilometopa Villeneuve, 1913{{cite journal |last1=Villeneuve |first1=Joseph Th. de Janti|title=À propos de deux myodaires supérieurs africains (Dipt.) |journal=Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France |date=1913 |volume=1913 |pages=346–348 |doi=10.5962/bhl.part.16299|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9201164#page/416/mode/1up |access-date=8 January 2021|doi-access=free }}
- Poeciphaoides Rohdendorf, 1963
- Prionophalla Rohdendorf, 1963
- Pseudaethiopisca Verves, 1989
- Pseudothyrsocnema Rohdendorf, 1937
- Pterolobomyia Lehrer, 1992
- Pterophalla Rohdendorf, 1965
- Pterosarcophaga Ye, 1981{{cite journal |last1=Ye |first1=Z.-m |last2=Ni |first2=T. |title=Description of Pterosarcophaga emeishanensis.] Pp. 229-231 in: Ye Z.-m., Ni T. & Liu G., Descriptions of a new genus and two new species of the tribe Sarcophagini (Diptera: Sarcophagidae |journal=Zool. Res. [Kunming Institute] |date=1981 |volume=2 |pages=229–234 |language=zh}}
- Robineauella Enderlein, 1928
- Rohdendorfisca Ye, 1981
- Rosellea Rohdendorf, 1937
- Sabiella Verves, 1990
- Sarcophaga Meigen, 1826
- Sarcorohdendorfia Baranov, 1938{{cite journal |last1=Baranov |first1=N. |title=Weiteres über die Tachiniden (s.l.) der Salomon-Inseln. |journal=Vet. Arh. |date=1938 |volume=8 |pages=170–174}}
- Sarcosolomonia Baranov, 1938
- Sarcotachinella Townsend, 1892{{cite journal |last1=Townsend |first1=C.H.T. |title=Notes on North American Tachinidae sens. str. with descriptions of new genera and species. Paper V |journal=Transactions of the American Entomological Society |date=1891 |volume=19 |pages=88–132 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/32385#page/373/mode/1up |access-date=6 December 2020}}
- Scotathyrsia Enderlein, 1937
- Sinonipponia Rohdendorf, 1959{{cite journal |last1=Rohdendorf |first1=Boris Borisovitsch |title=The organs of locomotion of the Diptera and their evolution (III) |journal=Wiss. Z. Humboldt-Univ. Berl. |date=1959 |volume=8 |pages=1–454 |language=de}}
- Sisyhelicobia Zumpt, 1972
- Stackelbergeola Boris Rohdendorf, 1937
- Takanoa Boris Rohdendorf, 1965
- Takaraia Kano & Field, 1963{{cite journal |last1=Kano |first1=R. |last2=Field |first2=G. |title=Notes on flies of medical importance in Japan (Part XVIII). Descriptions of one new genus and three new species of sarcophagid flies from the Ryukyu Islands |journal= Japanese Journal of Sanitary Zoology|date=1963 |volume=14 |issue=3 |pages=131–137|doi=10.7601/mez.14.131 |doi-access=free }}
- Taylorimyia Lopes, 1959
- Thyrsocnema Enderlein, 1928
- Tolucamyia Dodge, 1965{{cite journal |last1=Dodge |first1=H.R. |title=Neotropical Sarcophaginae with impressed scutellum (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) |journal=Annals of the Entomological Society of America |date=1965 |volume=58 |issue=3 |pages=252–259|doi=10.1093/aesa/58.3.252 }}
- Torgopampa Lopes, 1975{{cite journal |last1=Lopes |title=Some new Sarcophagidae from Peru (Diptera) |journal=Revista Brasileira de Biologia |date=1975 |volume=34 |pages=573–580}}
- Transvaalomyia Lehrer, 1992
- Tuberomembrana Fan, 1981{{cite journal |last1=Fan |first1=Z.D. |title=A new genus and two new species of Sarcophagidae from southwest China (Diptera) |journal=Acta Entomologica Sinica |date=1981 |volume=24 |issue=3 |pages=314–316}}
- Uroxanthisca Rohdendorf, 1963
- Varirosellea Xue, 1979
- Wohlfahrtiopsis Townsend, 1917{{cite journal |last1=Townsend |first1=Charles Henry Tyler |title=New genera and species of American muscoid Diptera |journal=Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington |date=1917 |volume=30 |pages=43–50 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/3334990#page/63/mode/1up |access-date=6 January 2021}}
- Xanthopterisca Rohdendorf, 1963
- Ziminisca Rohdendorf, 1965
- Zombanella Lehrer, 1992
- Zumptiopsis Lehrer & Lehrer, 1992
- Zumptisca Rohdendorf, 1963
{{div col end}}
See also
References
Further reading
- {{cite journal |pmid=21157125 |year=2010 |last1=Natori |first1=S |title=Molecules participating in insect immunity of Sarcophaga peregrina |volume=86 |issue=10 |pages=927–38 |pmc=3035055 |journal=Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B |doi=10.2183/pjab.86.927|bibcode=2010PJAB...86..927N }}
- {{cite journal |pmid=21437478 |year=2011 |last1=Sousa |first1=JR |last2=Esposito |first2=MC |last3=Carvalho Filho |first3=FS |title=Composition, abundance and richness of Sarcophagidae (Diptera: Oestroidea) in forests and forest gaps with different vegetation cover |volume=40 |issue=1 |pages=20–27 |journal=Neotropical Entomology |doi=10.1590/S1519-566X2011000100003|doi-access=free }}
External links
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