Satya 2

{{Use Indian English|date=September 2014}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2014}}

{{Infobox film

| name = Satya 2

| image = Satya 2 Poster 2013.jpg

| caption = Theatrical release poster

| director = Ram Gopal Varma

| producer = M Samanth Kumar Reddy

| writer = Radhika Anand

| starring = Puneet Singh Ratn
Sharwanand
Anaika Soti

| editing = Sanga Pratap Kumar

| music = Score:
Shakthikanth Karthick
Songs:
Nitin Raikwar
Sanjeev–Darshan
Kary Arora
Shree D

| cinematography = Vikash Saraf

| distributor = Mammoth Media Entertainment Private Limited

| released = {{Film date|2013|10|25|UAE|2013|11|8|India|df=y}}

| runtime = 142 minutes

| country = India

| language = Hindi
Telugu

| budget = {{INRConvert|15|c}}

| gross =

}}

Satya 2 ({{translation|Truth 2}}) is a 2013 Indian crime film directed by Ram Gopal Varma.{{cite web |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/Meet-Ram-Gopal-Varmas-new-don-in-Satya-2/articleshow/24149091.cms |title=Meet Ram Gopal Varma's new don in 'Satya 2' |publisher=Timesofindia.indiatimes.com |date=15 October 2013 |access-date=9 November 2013 |archive-date=14 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220514151339/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/Meet-Ram-Gopal-Varmas-new-don-in-Satya-2/articleshow/24149091.cms |url-status=live }}{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/rgv-comparisons-between-satya-satya-2-are-inevitable/432485-8-66.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131108132123/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/rgv-comparisons-between-satya-satya-2-are-inevitable/432485-8-66.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=8 November 2013 |title=RGV: Comparisons between 'Satya', 'Satya 2' are inevitable |publisher=Ibnlive.in.com |access-date=9 November 2013}} Shot simultaneously in Hindi and Telugu languages,{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/telugu/news-interviews/Sharwanands-in-Bollywoods-Satya-sequel/articleshow/18484932.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131016073101/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-02-13/news-interviews/37078094_1_sequel-sharwanand-tollywood |url-status=live |archive-date=16 October 2013 |title=Sharwanand's in Bollywood's Satya sequel? |date=13 February 2013 |work=The Times of India |access-date=9 November 2013}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/celebrities/story/rgv-explores-new-underworld-in-satya-2-212899-2013-10-01|title=RGV explores new underworld in The Truth Of Satya 2|agency=Inter-Asian News Service|date=October 1, 2013|website=India Today|access-date=9 October 2020|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509095443/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/celebrities/story/rgv-explores-new-underworld-in-satya-2-212899-2013-10-01|url-status=live}} the film stars Puneet Singh Ratn (Hindi), Sharwanand (Telugu), Anaika Soti and Mahesh Thakur.{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/i-play-corporate-style-gangster-in-satya-2-says-puneet-singh/428003-8-66.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131016172229/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/i-play-corporate-style-gangster-in-satya-2-says-puneet-singh/428003-8-66.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=16 October 2013 |title=I play corporate style gangster in 'Satya 2', says Puneet Singh |publisher=Ibnlive.in.com |date=12 October 2013 |access-date=9 November 2013}}{{cite web |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/ram-gopal-varmas-satya-2-explores-the-new-underworld/1180815/ |title=Ram Gopal Varma's 'Satya 2' explores the new underworld |publisher=Indian Express |date=12 October 2013 |access-date=9 November 2013 |archive-date=15 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131115081446/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/ram-gopal-varmas-satya-2-explores-the-new-underworld/1180815 |url-status=live }}{{cite web |url=http://www.filmsofindia.com/viewnews-2902 |title=EXCLUSIVE: Meet RGV's Satya 2 actress Aradhna Gupta |publisher=Films of India |access-date=9 November 2013 |archive-date=15 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131015070659/http://www.filmsofindia.com/viewnews-2902 |url-status=dead }}{{cite web |last=Gupta |first=Rinku |url=http://newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/Of-course-Im-not-an-item-girl-Aradhna-Gupta/2013/09/24/article1799760.ece |title=Of course I'm not an item girl: Aradhna Gupta |publisher=The New Indian Express |date=24 September 2013 |access-date=9 November 2013 |archive-date=23 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023133815/http://newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/Of-course-Im-not-an-item-girl-Aradhna-Gupta/2013/09/24/article1799760.ece |url-status=dead }} The film tells the story of Satya, an immigrant who comes to Mumbai aiming to refashion the Mumbai underworld. The film is the fourth installment of the Gangster series, unrelated to the original trilogy.

Plot

The movie revolves around the world of the criminal underworld, which has experienced a decline in Mumbai over the past decade. The protagonist, Satya, arrives in Mumbai and secures a job with Lahoti, a prominent construction tycoon. In an attempt to outshine a rival in a business deal, Satya becomes entangled with the mafia and other diminished underworld factions.

As the story progresses, Satya finds himself caught in a conflict with RK, a retired mafia leader, and his son, who harbors a grudge against Satya. In order to protect himself, Satya is forced to eliminate both RK and his son. Meanwhile, he also manages to secure production funds for a film through his connections, helps his friend acquire a flat, and brings his girlfriend Chitra to live with him.

However, Satya's actions attract numerous enemies, leading to a violent shootout with the police. Tragically, during the chaos, Satya loses both his girlfriend and his friend. Although he is eventually apprehended, Satya exploits his connections to establish a company that facilitates his release from jail.

Emboldened by his newfound freedom, Satya emerges as the newest and most influential underworld leader in Mumbai. He begins his reign with a strong determination to dominate the criminal landscape, leveraging the power and influence he has acquired through his connections and experiences.

Cast

{{Cast listing|

  • Puneet Singh Ratn (Hindi version) / Sharwanand as Satya Prakash "Satya" (Telugu version)
  • Anaika Soti as Chitra{{cite web|date=3 October 2013|title=Ram Gopal Varma Unveils First Look of 'Satya 2'|url=http://www.indiawest.com/news/14003-ram-gopal-varma-unveils-first-look-of-satya-2.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131121003255/http://www.indiawest.com/news/14003-ram-gopal-varma-unveils-first-look-of-satya-2.html|archive-date=21 November 2013|access-date=9 November 2013|publisher=Indiawest.com|df=dmy-all}}
  • Mahesh Thakur as Lahothi (Hindi version) / Eshwar Rao (Telugu version)
  • Priya Gamre
  • Amitriyaan as Naara
  • Raj Premi as RK
  • Amal Sehrawat as TK
  • Ashok Samarth as Solomon
  • Kaushal Kapoor as Purshottam
  • Vikram Singh as Anna{{cite web|date=1 October 2013|title=satya 2 movie cast|url=http://www.satya2.in/characters.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20131001193603/http://www.satya2.in/characters.html|archive-date=1 October 2013|work=Satya 2 official website}}
  • Mrunal Jain as Abhijeet
  • Vijay Kaushik as ACP Bhartik
  • Aradhna Gupta in a special appearance{{cite web|date=19 October 2013|title=Newbie Aradhna Gupta's 'Special' B-Town debut|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/Newbie-Aradhna-Guptas-Special-B-Town-debut/articleshow/24340779.cms|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021023448/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-10-19/news-interviews/43199037_1_b-town-debut-satya-kathak|archive-date=21 October 2013|access-date=9 November 2013|work=The Times of India}}
  • Anjalie Gupta as Special appearance (item number){{Cite web|title=Meet Ramu’s new heroine|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/131010/entertainment-bollywood/article/meet-ramu%E2%80%99s-new-heroine|access-date=10 October 2013|archive-date=3 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203035719/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/131010/entertainment-bollywood/article/meet-ramu%E2%80%99s-new-heroine|url-status=dead}}

=Telugu version=

In addition to the above cast, the Telugu version additionally features:

}}

Production

"As a film maker I have been doing a deep study of the underworld and its gangsters for more than two decades primarily for the purposes of gathering subject matters for my films and to get inspired for characters from real life references..And that's how films like Satya and Company happened... Then one day it occurred to me what if a guy out there studied the same gangsters not for becoming a film maker but for the purpose of becoming a gangster himself.it's that idea of mine which finally shaped itself into Satya 2. A new age gangster will obviously be armed with the mistakes of the earlier gangsters and also with the modern day policing methods". said Ram Gopal Varma. One romantic song of Satya 2 was shot in Kashmir in June 2013.{{cite web|author=IANS |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-09-03/news-interviews/41725120_1_satya-2-love-song-kashmir |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021022659/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-09-03/news-interviews/41725120_1_satya-2-love-song-kashmir |url-status=dead |archive-date=21 October 2013 |title=RGV's 'Satya 2' has love song shot in Kashmir |date=3 September 2013 |work=The Times of India |access-date=9 November 2013}} The Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) passed Satya 2 with A certificate with 3 cuts.{{cite web |author=Mumbai Mirror |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/Censor-Board-turns-deaf-to-Satya-2-abuses/articleshow/24374320.cms |title=Censor Board turns deaf to 'Satya 2' abuses |publisher=Timesofindia.indiatimes.com |date=19 October 2013 |access-date=9 November 2013 |archive-date=28 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180528215242/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/Censor-Board-turns-deaf-to-Satya-2-abuses/articleshow/24374320.cms |url-status=live }} Satya 2 is made within the budget of Rs 15 crore.{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/satya-2-will-it-show-the-mumbai-underworld-in-a-new-light/432760-8-66.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131109231328/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/satya-2-will-it-show-the-mumbai-underworld-in-a-new-light/432760-8-66.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=9 November 2013 |title=Satya 2: Will it show the Mumbai underworld in a new light? |publisher=Ibnlive.in.com |access-date=9 November 2013}}

The film was promoted as a trilingual and was to mark the Tamil-language directorial debut of Varma.{{Cite web|url=https://gulfnews.com/entertainment/southern-spice-ram-gopal-varma-to-make-tamil-film-1.1183657|title=Southern Spice: Ram Gopal Varma to make Tamil film|website=gulfnews.com|access-date=9 October 2020|archive-date=4 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210504083656/https://gulfnews.com/entertainment/southern-spice-ram-gopal-varma-to-make-tamil-film-1.1183657|url-status=live}} However, the Telugu version was partially reshot in Tamil as Naanthaanda.* {{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Anaika-met-RGV-in-a-lift/articleshow/20490018.cms|title=Anaika met RGV in a lift|website=The Times of India|access-date=9 October 2020|archive-date=4 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210504084026/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Anaika-met-RGV-in-a-lift/articleshow/20490018.cms|url-status=live}}

  • {{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Naanthanda-trailer-launched/articleshow/20025485.cms|title=Naanthanda trailer launched|website=The Times of India|access-date=9 October 2020|archive-date=4 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210504084116/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Naanthanda-trailer-launched/articleshow/20025485.cms|url-status=live}}

Soundtrack

{{Infobox album

| name = Satya 2

| type = Soundtrack

| artist = {{unbulleted list|Nitin Raikwar|Sanjeev-Darshan|Kary Arora|Shree D}}

| cover =

| alt =

| released = 15 October 2013

| recorded =

| venue =

| studio =

| genre = Film soundtrack

| length = 45:41

| label = Super Cassettes Industries Limited

| producer = {{unbulleted list|Nitin Raikwar|Sanjeev-Darshan|Kary Arora|Shree D}}

| chronology = Nitin Raikwar

| prev_title = Raftaar

| prev_year = 2009

| next_title =

| next_year =

| misc = {{Extra chronology

| artist = Sanjeev-Darshan

| type = Soundtrack

| prev_title = Grand Masti

| prev_year = 2013

| title = Satya 2

| year = 2013

| next_title = Black Currency

| next_year =

}}

{{Extra chronology

| artist = Kary Arora

| type = Soundtrack

| prev_title =

| prev_year =

| title = Satya 2

| year = 2013

| next_title =

| next_year =

}}

{{Extra chronology

| artist = Shree D

| type = Soundtrack

| prev_title = Besharam

| prev_year = 2013

| title = Satya 2

| year = 2013

| next_title =

| next_year =

}}

}}

The background score of the film has been composed by Shakthikanth Karthick. The soundtrack of the film consisted of nine tracks composed by Nitin Raikwar, Sanjeev–Darshan, Kary Arora and Shree D and lyrics by Moied Elhaam, Nitin Raikwar, Kumaar, Sonny Ravan and Shree D on 15 October 2013.

{{Track listing

| headline = Track listing

| extra_column = Singer(s)

| total_length = 39:45

| title1 = Tu Nahi

| extra1 = Leonard Victor, Shweta Pandit

| music1 = Nitin Raikwar

| lyrics1 = Nitin Raikwar

| length1 = 3:39

| title2 = Special

| extra2 = Payal Aditya Dev

| music2 = Sanjeev–Darshan

| lyrics2 = Kumaar

| length2 = 6:33

| title3 = Maagne Se (Title Song)

| extra3 = Sanjeev–Darshan, Arghya

| music3 = Sanjeev–Darshan

| lyrics3 = Kumaar

| length3 = 4:49

| title4 = Palkon Se

| extra4 = Rishi Singh, Shweta Pandit

| music4 = Nitin Raikwar

| lyrics4 = Moid Elhaam

| length4 = 4:34

| title5 = Saathi Re

| extra5 = Rishi Singh, Tishika Jain

| music5 = Nitin Raikwar

| lyrics5 = Nitin Raikwar

| length5 = 4:41

| title6 = Taaqat

| extra6 = Hricha Narayan, Jolly Mukherjee, Arghya, Sanjeev Rathod

| music6 = Sanjeev–Darshan

| lyrics6 = Kumaar

| length6 = 4:18

| title7 = Control

| extra7 = Sonny Ravan & Shree D

| music7 = Shree D

| lyrics7 = Sonny Ravan & Shree D

| length7 = 6:32

| title8 = Veerani

| extra8 = Payal Aditya Dev, Mohammed Irfan

| music8 = Sanjeev–Darshan

| lyrics8 = Kumaar

| length8 = 5:08

| title9 = Satya Is Back Again

| extra9 = Arsalaan Akhoon, Kary Arora, Makrand 'Mac' Deshpandey

| music9 = Kary Arora

| lyrics9 = Kary Arora

| length9 = 5:27

}}

{{Track listing

| extra_column = Singer(s)

| headline = Telugu Tracklist

| extra1 =

| length1 =

| title1 =

}}

Release and reception

Director Ram Gopal Verma hinted that Satya 2 will be his last film on the underworld and that now he wants to make romantic movies.{{cite web|date=7 October 2013|title=Don't want to make gangster film after 'Satya 2': RGV|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/don-t-want-to-make-gangster-film-after-satya-2-rgv-113100700423_1.html|access-date=9 November 2013|publisher=Business Standard|archive-date=10 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140710073434/http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/don-t-want-to-make-gangster-film-after-satya-2-rgv-113100700423_1.html|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title=Don't want to make gangster film after 'Satya 2': RGV|url=http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/movies/don-t-want-to-make-gangster-film-after-satya-2-rgv_144093.html|access-date=9 November 2013|publisher=Zeenews.india.com|archive-date=26 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131026044039/http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/movies/don-t-want-to-make-gangster-film-after-satya-2-rgv_144093.html|url-status=live}}{{cite web|date=7 October 2013|title=Don't want to make gangster film after 'Satya 2', says Ram Gopal Varma|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/dont-want-to-make-gangster-film-after-satya-2-says-ram-gopal-varma/426941-8-66.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012114620/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/dont-want-to-make-gangster-film-after-satya-2-says-ram-gopal-varma/426941-8-66.html|archive-date=12 October 2013|access-date=9 November 2013|publisher=Ibnlive.in.com}}{{cite web|date=23 October 2013|title=Meet the HOT girls of Satya 2 - Rediff.com Movies|url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/slide-show/slide-show-1-meet-the-hot-girls-of-satya-2/20131023.htm|access-date=9 November 2013|work=Rediff.com|archive-date=8 November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131108051303/http://www.rediff.com/movies/slide-show/slide-show-1-meet-the-hot-girls-of-satya-2/20131023.htm|url-status=live}} Satya 2 was released on 2{{cite web|date=8 November 2013|title=Subhash K Jha speaks about Satya 2.|url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/5729|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131109163853/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/5729|url-status=dead|archive-date=9 November 2013|access-date=9 November 2013|website=Bollywood Hungama}} 8 October 2013 in U. A. E. and 8 November 2013 in India.{{cite news|date=23 October 2013|title=RGV postpones 'Satya 2' release to November 8|publisher=The Hans India|url=https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Cinema/2013-10-23/RGV-postpones-Satya-2-release-to-November-8/74778|access-date=22 October 2019|archive-date=22 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191022214149/https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Cinema/2013-10-23/RGV-postpones-Satya-2-release-to-November-8/74778|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title='Satya 2' postponed again, producer dragged Ram Gopal Varma to court|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/Satya-2-postponed-again-producer-dragged-Ram-Gopal-Varma-to-court/articleshow/25356364.cms|access-date=9 November 2013|publisher=Timesofindia.indiatimes.com|archive-date=5 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305065411/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/Satya-2-postponed-again-producer-dragged-Ram-Gopal-Varma-to-court/articleshow/25356364.cms|url-status=live}}{{cite web|date=30 October 2013|title=Boxofficeindia.com|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/overdetail.php?page=shownews&articleid=6192&nCat=|access-date=9 November 2013|publisher=Boxofficeindia.com|archive-date=10 November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110135246/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/overdetail.php?page=shownews&articleid=6192&nCat=|url-status=live}}

The film received mixed reviews, Subhash K. Jha of Bollywood News stated that Ram Gopal Varma returns to form with Satya 2.

Samreen Tungekar of Bolly spice has stated "Ram Gopal Verma had made it clear that Satya 2 is not a sequel to Satya, and he has evidently made no attempt of making this film look like a prequel or a sequel too. Satya 2 stands as an independent story and does well for itself as a film."{{Cite web|last=Tungekar|first=Samreen|date=12 November 2013|title=Satya 2 Movie Review|url=https://bollyspice.com/satya-2-movie-review/|access-date=9 October 2020|archive-date=19 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919182148/https://bollyspice.com/satya-2-movie-review/|url-status=live}} Taran Adarsh of Bollywood Hungama gave it 3 out of 5 stars and stated that Satya 2 has the right elements that make a quintessential gangster film.{{cite web|url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/criticreview/id/566244 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120818082055/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/criticreview/id/566244 |url-status=dead |archive-date=18 August 2012 |title=Satya 2 (2013) | Hindi Movie Critic Review By Taran Adarsh |website=Bollywood Hungama |date=28 June 2012 |access-date=9 November 2013}} Madhureeta Mukherjee of Times of India gave it 2 out of 5 stars.{{cite web |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/hindi/satya-2satya-2-movie-review/movie-review/25385433.cms |title=Satya 2 movie review: Wallpaper, Story, Trailer at Times of India |publisher=Timesofindia.indiatimes.com |date=1 January 1970 |access-date=9 November 2013 |archive-date=17 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131117220345/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/hindi/Satya-2Satya-2-movie-review/movie-review/25385433.cms |url-status=live }}

The Telugu version released to negative reviews with Sangeetha of The Hindu advising to "skip this and watch the original Satya."{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/satya-2-bad-company/article5335543.ece|title=Satya 2: Bad company|first=Sangeetha Devi|last=Dundoo|date=10 November 2013|via=www.thehindu.com|access-date=1 October 2019|archive-date=1 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201045910/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/satya-2-bad-company/article5335543.ece|url-status=live}}

Box office

Satya 2 opened to an average opening-day occupancy of around 5 percent, the overseas market being no different with the film seeing a release in UAE.{{cite web |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/boxnewsdetail.php?page=shownews&articleid=6219&nCat= |title=Boxofficeindia.com |publisher=Boxofficeindia.com |access-date=9 November 2013 |archive-date=10 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110140021/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/boxnewsdetail.php?page=shownews&articleid=6219&nCat= |url-status=live }} Owing to this the film had an opening day collections of {{INRConvert|3-4|m}} with {{INRConvert|1.5-2|m}} coming from Mumbai itself keeping in accordance with the wide release with the rest coming from East Punjab and DUP with collections of around {{INRConvert|.2|m}} and {{INRConvert|.5|m}}, respectively.{{cite web |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/boxnewsdetail.php?page=shownews&articleid=6222&nCat= |title=Boxofficeindia.com |publisher=Boxofficeindia.com |access-date=9 November 2013 |archive-date=10 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110133936/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/boxnewsdetail.php?page=shownews&articleid=6222&nCat= |url-status=live }}

References

{{reflist|30em}}