Savoyard state

{{Short description|European state from 1003 to 1861}}

{{Expand language|topic=|langcode=it|otherarticle=Stato sabaudo|date=June 2023}}

{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2023}}

{{Infobox country

| native_name = Sabaudia (Latin)
Stati di Savoia (Italian)
États de Savoie (French)

| conventional_long_name = Savoyard state

| common_name = Savoy

| national_motto = FERT

| image_map = TannerMapKingdomSardinia1839.jpg

| image_map_caption = The Savoyard state in 1839

| era = Medieval era
Modern era

| status = Former plurinational independent state
Former constituent territories of the Holy Roman Empire

| capital = Montmélian
(1006–1295)
Chambéry
(1295–1562)
Turin
(1562–1792; 1815–1861)
Cagliari
(1792–1815)

| common_languages = French, Italian, Piedmontese, Arpitan, Occitan, Latin

| religion = Roman Catholicism

| government_type = County, Duchy, and Kingdom

| leader1 = Humbert I White Hands (first)

| leader2 = Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia (last)

| year_leader1 = 1003–1048

| year_leader2 = 1849–1861

| title_leader = Count
Duke
King

| event_start = Humbert I became Count of Savoy

| year_start = 1003

| event_end = Kingdom of Sardinia became Kingdom of Italy

| year_end = 1861

| p1 = Kingdom of Arles{{!}}Kingdom of Burgundy

| s1 = Kingdom of Italy

| flag_s1 = Flag of Italy (1861-1946) crowned.svg

| image_flag = Savoie flag.svg

| flag_type = Flag

| image_coat = Greater coat of arms of the Kingdom of Sardinia (1815-1831).svg

| symbol_type = Coat of arms of Kings of Sardinia

| today = France
Italy

}}

The Savoyard state comprised the states ruled by the counts and dukes of Savoy from the Middle Ages to the formation of the Kingdom of Italy. Although it was an example of composite monarchy,{{Cite book |last=Storrs |first=Christopher |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zZWqTszlL3EC |title=War, Diplomacy and the Rise of Savoy, 1690–1720 |date=2000-01-13 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-139-42519-3 |page=19 |language=en |access-date=April 29, 2024 |archive-date=August 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816081903/https://books.google.com/books?id=zZWqTszlL3EC |url-status=live }}{{Cite book |last=Vester |first=Matthew |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cJ6YEAAAQBAJ&dq=savoy+composite+state&pg=PA261 |title=Sabaudian Studies: Political Culture, Dynasty, and Territory (1400–1700) |date=2013-03-25 |publisher=Penn State Press |isbn=978-0-271-09100-6 |page=261 |language=en |access-date=April 29, 2024 |archive-date=August 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816081859/https://books.google.com/books?id=cJ6YEAAAQBAJ&dq=savoy+composite+state&pg=PA261 |url-status=live }} it is a term applied to the polity by historians and was not in contemporary use. At the end of the 17th century, its population was about 1.4 million.

Geoffrey Symcox. [https://books.google.com/books?id=WSaUCA1HzroC&dq=savoy+population+950,000&pg=PA245 "Victor Amadaeus II: Absolutism in the Savoyard State, 1675-1730."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106044159/https://books.google.com/books?id=WSaUCA1HzroC&dq=savoy+population+950,000&pg=PA245 |date=November 6, 2023 }} Page 245.Gregory Hanlon. "The Hero of Italy: Odoardo Farnese, Duke of Parma, his Soldiers, and his Subjects in the Thirty Years' War." Routledge: May 2014. Page 87. Piedmont's population is given at 700,000, and Savoy's at 400,000 in 1630; Aosta and the County of Nice are not listed.{{Cite book |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5325/j.ctv1c9hnc2 |title=Sabaudian Studies: Political Culture, Dynasty, and Territory (1400–1700) |date=2013 |publisher=Penn State University Press |isbn=978-1-61248-094-7 |volume=12 |doi=10.5325/j.ctv1c9hnc2.7 |jstor=10.5325/j.ctv1c9hnc2 |access-date=April 29, 2024 |archive-date=May 10, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230510152657/https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5325/j.ctv1c9hnc2 |url-status=live }}