Scalable Product Architecture platform
{{Infobox automobile platform
|name = Scalable Product Architecture
|image =
|caption =
|manufacturer = {{ubl |Volvo Cars |Polestar}}
|assembly = {{ubl |Volvo: |Sweden: Torslanda (Torslandaverken) |China: Chengdu |United States: Ridgeville, SC}}
|production = {{ubl
| 2014–present (SPA)
| 2023–present (SPA2)
| 2025–present (SPA Evo)
| Upcoming (SPA3)
}}
|class = Mid-size car
|layout = {{ubl
| ICE engine
| Front engine |front-wheel drive or four-wheel drive
| Electric
| Rear-motor, rear-wheel-drive or Dual-motors, four-wheel-drive
}}
|body_style = {{ubl |2-door coupé ||4-door saloon |5-door estate |5-door mid-size SUV}}
|engine = {{ubl |I4 |I4 hybrid |I4 diesel}}
|transmission = {{ubl |6-speed Volvo M66H manual |8-speed TF 81SG automatic}}
|related = CMA platform
|vehicles = {{ubl |SPA:|Volvo XC60 II |Volvo XC90 II |Volvo S90 II{{cite web |language=de |url=https://www.media.volvocars.com/de/de-de/media/pressreleases/170061/volvo-s90-feiert-weltpremiere-prasentation-der-neuen-premium-limousine-anfang-2016-in-detroit |title=Volvo S90 feiert Weltpremiere - Präsentation der neuen premium Limousine Anfang 2016 in Detroit |trans-title=Volvo S90 world premiere - Presentation of the new premium sedan early 2016 in Detroit |publisher=Volvo Car Corporation |website=www.media.volvocars.com |date=2 December 2015 |access-date=2017-07-11 |url-access=subscription }}{{deadlink|date=September 2023}}{{cite web |language=en |url=https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/170061/volvo-cars-stakes-its-claim-in-the-premium-sedan-segment-with-the-long-awaited-s90 |title=Volvo Cars stakes its claim in the premium sedan segment with the long awaited S90 |publisher=Volvo Car Corporation |website=www.media.volvocars.com |date=2 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822193201/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/170061/volvo-cars-stakes-its-claim-in-the-premium-sedan-segment-with-the-long-awaited-s90 |archive-date=2016-08-22 |access-date=2017-07-11 |url-status=live}} |Volvo S60
|SPA2:
|SPA Evo:
|SPA3:
}}
|predecessor = Volvo P3 platform
|successor =
}}
The Scalable Product Architecture (SPA){{cite web |language=en |url=http://publications.lib.chalmers.se/records/fulltext/239095/239095.pdf |title=Correlation Work on Shaker Rig Tests and Simulations |author1=Oskar Jonson |author2=Erik Enders |website=www.chalmers.se |date=2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171009041806/http://publications.lib.chalmers.se/records/fulltext/239095/239095.pdf |archive-date=2017-10-09 |access-date=2017-07-09 |url-status=live}} platform is a global, full-size, unibody automobile platform developed Volvo Cars, and applied by multiple brands of its parent company Geely, which has been produced over three generations.{{cite web |language=en |url=http://www.autoblog.com/2014/08/12/volvo-xc90-scalable-product-architecture-platform-official/ |title=Volvo details upcoming XC90's new scalable platform |author=Noah Joseph |website=www.autoblog.com |date=12 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150916104938/http://www.autoblog.com/2014/08/12/volvo-xc90-scalable-product-architecture-platform-official/ |archive-date=2015-09-16 |access-date=2017-07-11 |url-status=live}} It debuted in 2014 when the second-generation Volvo XC90 was released.{{cite web |language=en |url=https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/148966/all-new-xc90-will-be-the-first-volvo-built-on-the-companys-new-scalable-product-architecture |title=All-new XC90 the first Volvo built on the company's new Scalable Product Architecture |publisher=Volvo Car Corporation |website=www.media.volvocars.com |date=12 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150619155602/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/148966/all-new-xc90-will-be-the-first-volvo-built-on-the-companys-new-scalable-product-architecture |archive-date=2015-06-19 |access-date=2017-07-11 |url-status=live}} Work on the new in-house platform began in 2011 shortly after Volvo was acquired by Geely from Ford Motor Company. During development, particular emphasis was placed on achieving weight-reduction, design commonality, manufacturing rationalization, and hybridization opportunities.{{Cite web|last=Henry2016-09-30T17:21:01+01:00|first=Ian|title=Volvo: new platforms for a new company|url=https://www.automotivemanufacturingsolutions.com/volvo-new-platforms-for-a-new-company/35334.article|access-date=2021-06-16|website=Automotive Manufacturing Solutions|language=en}} The new SPA platform replaced two prior vehicle architectures, the Volvo P2 platform and Volvo P3 platform.
With SPA, Volvo claims it "enables significant improvements when it comes to offering protection in worst-case scenarios and when creating innovative features that support the driver in avoiding accidents."{{cite web |language=en |url=http://www.volvocars.com/us/top/about/news-awards/pages/default.aspx?itemid=77 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140929174304/http://www.volvocars.com/us/top/about/news-awards/pages/default.aspx?itemid=77 |archive-date=September 29, 2014 |title=Volvo Cars |website=www.volvocars.com |access-date=2017-07-11 |url-status=dead}} Volvo has invested 90 billion SEK in the platform.
All SPA based cars will be delivered with 4 cylinder engines. The diesel and petrol engines share the same Volvo Engine Architecture, and Volvo can build 530,000 engines per year.{{cite web |language=no |url=http://www.tu.no/industri/2015/11/27/her-har-volvo-satset-90-milliarder-pa-bensin--og-dieselmotorer |title=Her har Volvo satset 90 milliarder på bensin- og dieselmotorer |trans-title=Here, Volvo has invested SEK 90 billion on gasoline and diesel engines |author=Andreas Witzøe |work=Teknisk Ukeblad |date=27 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151129235232/http://www.tu.no/industri/2015/11/27/her-har-volvo-satset-90-milliarder-pa-bensin--og-dieselmotorer |archive-date=2015-11-29 |access-date=2017-07-11 |url-status=live}}
The SPA2 platform, which is an EV-exclusive platform, debuted on the Volvo EX90 and Polestar 3 in 2023.{{cite web|url=https://insideevs.com/news/597398/volvo-new-euro-plant-build-evs-based-evolution-spa2/|title=Volvo's New Euro Plant To Build EVs Based On An Evolution Of SPA2|website=InsideEVs}}
Vehicles
| class="wikitable"
!colspan=6|SPA platform vehicles |
| Vehicle Name
! Image ! Production ! Bodystyle(s) ! Model Code ! Notes |
|---|
| Volvo XC90 II
| 120px | 2015–present | 5-door SUV | |
| Volvo S90
| 120px | 2017–present | 4-door sedan/saloon | |
| Volvo S90L
| 120px | 2017–present | 4-door sedan/saloon | |
| Volvo V90
| 120px | 2017–present | 5-door wagon/estate | |
| V90 Cross Country
| 120px | 2017–present | 5-door wagon/estate | {{ubl |V543 |236}} | |
| Volvo XC60 II
| 120px | 2017–present | 5-door SUV | |
| Volvo S60 III
| 120px | 2018–present | 4-door sedan | {{ubl |V431 |224}} | |
| Volvo V60 II
| 120px | 2018–present | 5-door wagon/estate | {{ubl |V432 |225}} | |
| Volvo V60 Cross Country
| 120px | 2018–present | 5-door wagon/estate | {{ubl |V433 |227}} | |
| Polestar 1
| 120px | 2019—2021 | 2-door coupé | {{ubl |P514}} | Limited production (1,500 units) |
| Lynk & Co 09
| 120px | 2021—present | 5-door SUV | {{ubl |
|
|-
!colspan=6|SPA2 platform vehicles
|-
| 120px
| 2024—present
| 5-door SUV
| {{ubl |P519}}
|
|-
| 120px
| 2024—present
| 5-door SUV
| {{ubl |V536}}
|
|-
| 120px
| 2025 (to commence)
| 5-door Liftback
| {{ubl |V551}}
|
|-
!colspan=6|SPA3 platform vehicles
|-
|
| 2026
| 5-door SUV
|
|
|-
!colspan=6|SPA Evo platform vehicles
|-
| 120px
| 2025–present
| 5-door SUV
| {{ubl |L946}}
|
|}