Scarab (fraternity)
{{Short description|American architectural fraternity}}
{{Infobox fraternity
| name = Scarab
| crest = Scarab_architectural_fraternity_logo,_1927.jpg
| image_size = 100px
| founded = {{start date and years ago|1909|02|25}}
| birthplace = University of Illinois
| status = Defunct
| defunct_date = {{ca|1975}}
| type = Professional
| emphasis = Architecture
| scope = National
| former_affiliation = PFA
| chapters = 16
| publication = Scarab Bulletin
The Hieratic
| address =
| city =
| state =
| ZIP code =
| country = United States
| homepage =
}}
Scarab was a professional fraternity in the field of architecture. It was founded in 1909 at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign as the first group of its type for architecture.
History
Scarab was founded on February 25, 1909, at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.[http://www.thetatauarchives.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/PROFESSIONAL-FRATERNITIES_B_49.pdf Professional Fraternities by Professional Interfraternity Conference - 1950]
- {{cite book|title=Pencil Points|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hf9RAQAAMAAJ|year=1922|publisher=Reinhold|page=40}} Its members were students of architecture, landscape architecture, or architectural engineering.{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z1vOAAAAMAAJ&dq=%22Scarab%22+fraternity+-wikipedia&pg=PA322 |title=Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities |date=1927 |publisher=G. Banta Company |page=322 |language=en}}
Annually, each chapter held an exhibition of its best work.{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TiQxAQAAMAAJ&dq=%22Scarab%22+fraternity+-wikipedia&pg=RA4-PA23 |title=Scarab {{!}} The Kansas Engineer |date=May 1922 |volume=7 |issue=6 |pages=23 |language=en}} Chapters also issued a bronze or silver medal annually for excellence in architectural design in a competition that was open to any student at it institution.{{Cite journal |last=Leimkuehler |first=F. Ray |date=May 1921 |title=The Scarab Fraternity |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SvtRAQAAMAAJ&dq=%22Scarab%22+fraternity+-wikipedia&pg=RA11-PA33 |journal=Pencil Points |volume=2 |issue=5 |pages=33 |via=Google Books}} The national fraternity sponsored the annual Scarab National Competition.
The fraternity was governed by a supreme council that met during the annual convention. Its publication was The Hieratic. It also published the Scarab Bulletin twice a year.
Archival materials related to Scarab are housed at Carnegie Mellon University Libraries, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Archives, and the University of Illinois Archives.{{Cite web |title=Scarab Society (Architectural Professional Fraternity), c1919-1937 |url=https://findingaids.library.cmu.edu/repositories/2/archival_objects/884 |access-date=February 3, 2023 |website=Carnegie Mellon University Libraries}}{{Cite web |title=Scarab (Architecture Honorary Society), 1960 {{!}} Guides to Institute Records and Manuscript Collections |url=https://guides.archives.rpi.edu/repositories/2/archival_objects/13757 |access-date=2023-02-03 |website=Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Archives}}{{Cite web |title=Scarab Records, 1953-71 {{!}} University of Illinois Archives |url=https://archon.library.illinois.edu/archives/index.php?p=collections/controlcard&id=2970 |access-date=2023-02-03 |website=University of Illinois Archives Holdings Database |language=en}}
It is unknown when most chapters ceased operations; The mother chapter, at Illinois, ceased activity circa 1971.
Chapter list
Scarab's chapters were called temples. A list of its temples follows.{{cite book |author=William Raimond Baird |url= |title=Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities |publisher=G. Banta Company |year=1957 |page=442}}{{Cite book |url=https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/102851093 |title=A survey of the national policies of professional fraternities ... |date=April 1934 |publisher=The Professional Interfraternity Council |location=Chicago |page=26}}
= Notes =
{{notelist}}
Notable members
- William Francis Cody, architect{{Cite book |last1=Cody |first1=Catherine |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gKcuEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22Scarab%22+fraternity+-wikipedia&pg=PA276 |title=Master of the Midcentury: The Architecture of William F. Cody |last2=Lauria |first2=Jo |last3=Choi |first3=Don |date=2021-09-14 |publisher=The Monacelli Press, LLC |isbn=978-1-58093-530-2 |page=276 |language=en}}
- Raymond Eastwood, artist{{Cite web |title=Raymond Eastwood – U.S. Department of State |url=https://www.art.state.gov/personnel/raymond_eastwood/ |access-date=2023-02-03 |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |title=Raymond Eastwood - Biography |url=https://www.askart.com/artist/Raymond_J_Eastwood/130661/Raymond_J_Eastwood.aspx |access-date=2023-02-03 |website=www.askart.com}}
- Robert A. Kennard, African American architect{{Cite web |title=Arthur Silvers {{!}} Los Angeles Conservancy |url=https://www.laconservancy.org/architects/arthur-silvers |access-date=2023-02-03 |website=www.laconservancy.org}}{{Cite web |title=Robert A. Kennard {{!}} BEYOND THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT |url=https://www.beyondthebuilt.com/robert-a-kennard |access-date=2023-02-03 |website=BeyondtheBuilt.com |language=en}}{{Cite web |title=Robert Kennard |url=http://www.docomomo-us.org/designer/robert-kennard |access-date=2023-02-03 |website=www.docomomo-us.org |language=en}}
- Robert E. Langdon Jr., architect{{Cite web |date=September 19, 2022 |title=La Loma Road Mid-Century Modern Built By Noted Architect Robert Langdon Under Consideration as City Landmark – Pasadena Now |url=https://www.pasadenanow.com/main/la-loma-road-mid-century-modern-built-by-noted-architect-robert-langdon-under-consideration-as-city-landmark |access-date=2023-02-03 |website=www.pasadenanow.com}}
- Arthur Silvers, African American architect{{Cite web |last=Stewart |first=Jocelyn Y. |date=2008-01-26 |title=Architect fought against discrimination |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-jan-26-me-silvers26-story.html |access-date=2023-02-03 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}
- Louis Sullivan, architect
- Gordon Greenfield Wittenberg, architect{{Cite web |last=Satterfield |first=W. W. |title=Gordon Greenfield Wittenberg (1921–2020) |url=https://encyclopediaofarkansas.net/entries/gordon-greenfield-wittenberg-15227/ |access-date=2023-02-03 |website=Encyclopedia of Arkansas |language=en-US}}
See also
References
{{reflist}}
{{Professional Fraternities}}
Category:1909 establishments in Illinois
Category:Student organizations established in 1909
Category:Professional fraternities and sororities in the United States
Category:Former members of Professional Fraternity Association