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Scombroidei

{{Short description|Suborder of fishes}}

{{Automatic_taxobox

| name = Scombroidei

| fossil_range = {{Fossil range|Middle Paleocene|Recent}}

| image = Южноазиатская скумбрия. Makrele. Indian mackerel, mackerel DSCF9642ВЕ.jpg

| image_caption = A school of Indian mackerel
Rastrelliger kanagurta

| taxon = Scombroidei

| authority =

| subdivision_ranks = Families

| subdivision = See text

}}

Scombroidei or Scombrales is a suborder or infraorder of the order Scombriformes or suborder Scombroidei. The suborder or infraorder includes the tunas, mackerel and snake-mackerels. Regular scombrids are observed to have large heads, eyes, and mouths. In most cases, the second dorsal fin will develop before the development of the first.

The earliest known member is the scombrid Landanichthys from the Selandian of Angola, although potential fossil teeth of Eutrichiurides are slightly older.{{Cite journal |last=Friedman |first=Matt |last2=V. Andrews |first2=James |last3=Saad |first3=Hadeel |last4=El-Sayed |first4=Sanaa |date=2023-06-16 |title=The Cretaceous–Paleogene transition in spiny-rayed fishes: surveying “Patterson’s Gap” in the acanthomorph skeletal record André Dumont medalist lecture 2018 |url=https://popups.uliege.be/1374-8505/index.php?id=7048 |journal=Geologica Belgica |language=en |doi=10.20341/gb.2023.002 |issn=1374-8505|doi-access=free }}{{Cite journal |last=Beckett |first=Hermione T. |last2=Giles |first2=Sam |last3=Johanson |first3=Zerina |last4=Friedman |first4=Matt |date=2018 |title=Morphology and phylogenetic relationships of fossil snake mackerels and cutlassfishes (Trichiuroidea) from the Eocene (Ypresian) London Clay Formation |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/spp2.1221 |journal=Papers in Palaeontology |language=en |volume=4 |issue=4 |pages=577–603 |doi=10.1002/spp2.1221 |issn=2056-2802|hdl=2027.42/146609 |hdl-access=free }}

Taxonomy

Originally, both Scombroidei and Stromateoidei were placed under the order Perciformes, but both taxa are now lumped together into the order Scombriformes or alternatively ranked as infraorders (Stromateales and Scombrales) under the suborder Scombroidei within the order Syngnathiformes. Most modern taxonomic authorities use the former treatment.

The following taxonomic classification is used by Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes:{{Cite web |last=Fricke |first=R. |last2=Eschmeyer |first2=W. N. |last3=Van der Laan |first3=R. |date=2025 |title=ESCHMEYER'S CATALOG OF FISHES: CLASSIFICATION |url=https://www.calacademy.org/eschmeyers-catalog-of-fishes-classification |access-date=2025-02-10 |website=California Academy of Sciences |language=en}}

Some authors consider this treatment paraphyletic with respect to Stromateoidei.{{Cite journal |last=Near |first=Thomas J. |last2=Thacker |first2=Christine E. |date=2024-04-18 |title=Phylogenetic Classification of Living and Fossil Ray-Finned Fishes (Actinopterygii) |url=https://bioone.org/journals/bulletin-of-the-peabody-museum-of-natural-history/volume-65/issue-1/014.065.0101/Phylogenetic-Classification-of-Living-and-Fossil-Ray-Finned-Fishes-Actinopterygii/10.3374/014.065.0101.full |journal=Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History |volume=65 |issue=1 |doi=10.3374/014.065.0101 |issn=0079-032X}}

Several extinct taxa are also known:{{Cite journal |last=Monsch |first=Kenneth A. |date=2004 |title=Revision of the scombroid fishes from the Cenozoic of England |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/earth-and-environmental-science-transactions-of-royal-society-of-edinburgh/article/abs/revision-of-the-scombroid-fishes-from-the-cenozoic-of-england/4C0CBDC19BB39C4709617722D6FBE64C |journal=Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh |language=en |volume=95 |issue=3–4 |pages=445–489 |doi=10.1017/S0263593300001164 |issn=1755-6929|url-access=subscription }}

  • Suborder Scombroidei
  • Genus ?†Ardiodus White, 1931 (early Eocene)
  • Genus †Duplexdens Monsch, 2004 (early Eocene)
  • Genus †Scombramphodon Woodward, 1901 (early Eocene to Oligocene)
  • Genus †Sphyraenodus Agassiz, 1844 (early Eocene)
  • Genus †Woodwardella Casier, 1966 (early Eocene)
  • Superfamily Trichiuroidea
  • Genus †Argestichthys Prokofiev, 2002 (earliest Eocene)
  • Genus †Eutrichiurides Casier, 1944 (early Paleocene to early Oligocene, potentially a cutlassfish)
  • Genus †Macroynis Beckett, Giles, Johanson & Friedman, 2018 (early Eocene)
  • Family †Euzaphlegidae Daniltshenko, 1960 (early Eocene to late Miocene)Bannikov, Alexandre F. (2008) "A new genus and species of putative euzaphlegid fish from the Eocene of Bolca in northern Italy (Periformes, Trichiuroidea)." Studi e Ricerche sui giacimenti Terziari di Bolca, XII Miscellanea Paleontologica 9: 99-107. [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/A_Bannikov/publication/257932455_A_NEW_GENUS_AND_SPECIES_OF_PUTATIVE_EUZAPHLEGID_FISH_FROM_THE_EOCENE_OF_BOLCA_IN_NORTHERN_ITALY_(PERCIFORMES_TRICHIUROIDEA)/links/0deec53c7b3e61e6c1000000.pdf]David, Lore Rose (January 10, 1943). Miocene Fishes of Southern California. Geological Society of America. pp. 104-115.

References

{{reflist}}

  • {{cite journal | last = Sepkoski | first = Jack | title = A compendium of fossil marine animal genera | journal = Bulletins of American Paleontology | volume = 363 |pages = 1–560 | year = 2002 | url = http://strata.ummp.lsa.umich.edu/jack/showgenera.php?taxon=611&rank=class | accessdate = 2011-05-19 }}
  • {{cite book | last = Nishikawa, Rimmer | first = Yasuo, David W. | title = Identification of larval tunas, billfishes and other scombroid fishes (suborder Scombroidei): an illustrated guide. No. 186 | pages = 2 | year = 1987}}

{{Commons category|Scombroidei}}

{{Wikispecies|Scombroidei}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q428555}}

Category:Scombriformes

Category:Ray-finned fish suborders

{{Scombroidei-stub}}

Category:Extant Selandian first appearances

Category:Polyphyletic groups