Semnani language

{{Short description|Language of the Semnan Province of Iran}}

{{pp-extended|small=yes}}

{{Infobox language

| name = Semnani

| nativename = سمنی زفون
Semani zefön

| region = Iran

| speakers = {{sigfig|70,400|2}}

| date = 2021

| ref = e26

| ethnicity = Semnani

| familycolor = Indo-European

| fam2 = Indo-Iranian

| fam3 = Iranian

| fam4 = Western Iranian

| fam5 = Northwestern

| fam6 = Semnani

| dia1 = Biyabanaki

| iso3 = smy

| glotto = semn1249

| glottorefname = Semnani-Biyabuneki

}}

File:Caspian_languages.png )]]

Semnani (سمنی زفون, Semani zefön) (known also as Komisenian languages) is one of the local languages of the Semnan province of Iran. Despite the common misconception that Semnani is a Persian dialect, the language belongs to the Northwestern branch of the Western Iranian languages. Like other Caspian languages, it bears some resemblance to the Old Iranian Median language and was influenced by Parthian in a later process.Habib Borjian: . In: . Nr. 2. Brill, 2009

Phonology

=Consonants=

class="wikitable"
! Labial

! Dental

! Alveolar

! Postalveolar

! Palatal

! Velar

! Uvular

! Glottal

style="text-align:center;"

!Nasal

| {{IPA link|m}}

{{IPA link|n}}({{IPA link|ŋ}})
style="text-align:center;"

!Plosive

| {{IPA link|p}} {{IPA link|b}}

{{IPA link|t}} {{IPA link|d}}{{IPA link|k}} {{IPA link|ɡ}}{{IPA link|q}}{{IPA link|ʔ}}
style="text-align:center;"

!Affricate

|

{{IPA link|tʃ}} {{IPA link|dʒ}}
style="text-align:center;"

!Fricative

| {{IPA link|f}} {{IPA link|v}}

{{IPA link|θ}}{{IPA link|s}} {{IPA link|z}}{{IPA link|ʃ}} {{IPA link|ʒ}}{{IPA link|x}} {{IPA link|ɣ}}{{IPA link|h}}
style="text-align:center;"

!Tap

|

{{IPA link|ɾ}}
style="text-align:center;"

!Trill

|

({{IPA link|r}})
style="text-align:center;"

!Approximant

|

{{IPA link|l}}{{IPA link|j}}{{IPA link|w}}

(Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Allophones are in parentheses.)

Grammar

= Syntax =

Subjects in Semnani must have gender agreement with the verb in their immediate clause.{{Cite journal|last=Rezapour|first=Ebrahim|date=2015|title=Word order in Semnani language based on language typology|url=http://journals.modares.ac.ir/article-14-3251-en.html|journal=IQBQ|volume=6|issue=5|pages=169–190}}

Notes

{{Reflist}}

Bibliography

Pierre Lecoq. 1989. "Les dialectes caspiens et les dialectes du nord-ouest de l'Iran," Compendium Linguarum Iranicarum. Ed. Rüdiger Schmitt. Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag. Pages 296–314.

{{Iranian languages}}

Category:Northwestern Iranian languages

Category:Caspian languages

{{Ie-lang-stub}}

{{Iran-stub}}

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