Serajul Alam Khan

{{Infobox officeholder

| name = Serajul Alam Khan

| native_name = {{Nobold|সিরাজুল আলম খান}}

| native_name_lang = bn

| image =

| office = General Secretary of Bangladesh Chhatra League

| president =

| term_start = 1965

| term_end = 1967

| successor = Abdur Razzaq

| birth_name = Nizam Mohammad Serajul Alam Khan

| birth_date = {{birth date|1941|1|6|df=y}}

| birth_place = Begumganj, Bengal, British India

| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|2023|6|9|1941|1|6}}

| death_place = Dhaka, Bangladesh

| citizenship = {{plainlist|

British subject (until 1947)
Pakistan (1947–1971)
Bangladesh (from 1971)

}}

| party = {{plainlist|

Chhatra League (1961–1972)
Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal (1972–1996)

}}

| alma_mater = Khulna Zilla School

Dhaka College

University of Dhaka

| website = {{Official URL|serajulalamkhanpolitics.com}}

| nickname = {{hlist|Dada|Dadabhai|Kapalik}}

| allegiance = {{flagicon|Bangladesh|1971}} Bangladesh

| branch = 25px

Mukti Bahini

| unit = Mujib Bahini

| battles = Bangladesh Liberation War

}}

Nizam Mohammad Serajul Alam Khan (6 January 1941{{snd}}9 June 2023), commonly known as Serajul Alam Khan ({{langx|bn|সিরাজুল আলম খান}}), also called as Dada, Dadabhai and by his initials SAK, was a Bangladeshi politician, political analyst, philosopher and writer who spearheaded the Bangladesh liberation movement under the leadership of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman but also became one of the controlling forces of political polarization in post-independence Bangladesh.

Serajul Alam Khan joined politics in the 1950s–60s as a student and quickly rose to the helm of Chhatra League, the student wing affiliated with the Bengali nationalist Awami League party in Pakistan. He, along with others, founded the Swadhin Bangla Biplobi Parishad (which came to be known as 'Nucleus'), a secret organization whose existence is not directly documented but strongly supported by popular hearsay and conventional history. The organization played a significant role in the Bangladesh Liberation War.{{cite web|title=The NUCLEUS issue : ABDUR RAZZAK in Tritiomatra|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VeJFsUd_qlM |website=YouTube|access-date=3 March 2019}} He along with Tofael Ahmed, Sheikh Fazlul Haque Moni and Abdur Razzaq formed and commanded the Mujib Bahini ({{aka}} Bangladesh Liberation Force).{{Cite Banglapedia|article=Mujib Bahini}}

Early life

Khan was born on 6 January 1941 in Noakhali District in the then Bengal Presidency, British India.{{Cite web |title=Serajul Alam Khan – BIOGRAPHY |url=https://serajulalamkhanpolitics.com/ |access-date=9 June 2023 |language=en-US}} His father, Khorshed Alam Khan, was a government officer who retired in 1959 as the Deputy Director of Public Instruction. He graduated from Khulna Zilla School in 1956 and Dhaka College in 1958. He studied mathematics at the University of Dhaka from 1958 to 1962.

Career

Khan as a student of the University of Dhaka created the Nucleus whose aim was the Independence of East Pakistan along with Kazi Aref Ahmed and Abdur Razzaq.{{Cite web |date=9 June 2023 |title=Serajul Alam Khan: Who was the mystery man in Bangladesh's politics? |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2023/06/09/serajul-alam-khan-who-was-the-mystery-man-in-bangladeshs-politics |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=Dhaka Tribune |language=en}} The Nucleus helped launch the Six point movement, Eleven Points Programme, designed the flag of independent Bangladesh, picked the national anthem, and the national slogan Joy Bangla. It gave the title of Bangabandhu to Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.

Khan served as the general secretary of the student political organization East Pakistan Chhatra League from 1963 to 1965.{{cite web |script-title=bn:বিগত কমিটি সমূহ |trans-title=Past Committees |url=https://bsl.org.bd/%e0%a6%ac%e0%a6%bf%e0%a6%97%e0%a6%a4-%e0%a6%95%e0%a6%ae%e0%a6%bf%e0%a6%9f%e0%a6%bf-%e0%a6%b8%e0%a6%ae%e0%a7%82%e0%a6%b9/ |website=Bangladesh Chhatra League |language=bn}}{{Unreliable source?|reason=Chhatra League is a unreliable source.|certain=y|date=October 2024}}{{cite news |title=Serajul Alam Khan improves, tests negative for COVID-19 |url=https://www.newagebd.net/article/127420/serajul-alam-khan-improves-tests-negative-for-covid-19 |work=New Age (Bangladesh) |date=17 January 2021 |access-date=30 October 2024}}{{Additional citation needed|date=October 2024}}

Together with other members of the Nucleus, Khan created the Bangladesh Liberation Force and an armed wing called the Joy Bangla Bahini which would be present throughout East Pakistan by 1970. At the urging of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the command structure was expanded to include Sheikh Fazlul Huq Moni, and Tofail Ahmed. As a key member of Nucleus, he helped writing and editing Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's historic speech of the 7th March, 1971. During the Bangladesh Liberation War, the Bangladesh Liberation Force would be renamed to Mujib Bahini after Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.

Soon after returning to free the country from dissension within the pro-liberation mainstream power base, Khan became conspicuous between left-of-centre leadership and simmering far-left young radicals.{{cite news |title=Democracy In Bangladesh: Reality Vs. Utopia | url=http://www.ebangladesh.com/2165 |newspaper=EBangladesh |date=11 January 2010 |access-date=3 March 2019 }} He was involved in a political struggle with Sheikh Fazlul Haque Mani.{{cite news |last=Sofa |first=Ahmad |author-link=Ahmed Sofa |date=16 April 2015 |orig-year=Excerpt of book first published 1993 |title=JSD: Sofa's sentimental evaluation |url=http://www.probeweekly.com/Details/2015/04/16/211 |newspaper=Probe |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208164247/http://www.probeweekly.com/Details/2015/04/16/211 |archive-date=8 December 2015 |access-date=8 December 2015}} He developed an ideological difference from Sheikh Fazlul Haque Mani, due to the former's advocacy of scientific socialism, thus forming the Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal.{{cite news |last1=Hossain |first1=Kazi Mobarak |title=Hasanul Haq Inu's JaSoD splits as he names Shirin general secretary |url=http://bdnews24.com/politics/2016/03/12/hasanul-haq-inus-jasod-splits-as-he-names-shirin-general-secretary|access-date=11 July 2016 |newspaper=Dhaka Tribune |date=13 March 2016}} In 1975, Sheikh Fazlul Haque Mani urged him to join BaKSAL, but he refused.{{cite news |last1=Hossain |first1=M. Sanjeeb |title=Know your friends and foes |url=http://opinion.bdnews24.com/2012/11/03/know-your-friends-and-foes/ |newspaper=Bdnews24.com |date=3 November 2012 |type=Opinion |access-date=8 December 2015}}

After the 7 November 1975 Bangladeshi coup d'état, Khan along with other leaders of Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal were arrested. Khan was in jail from 26 July 1976 to 1 May 1981. After being released from jail, he started the publication of Ganakantha newspaper.

The government of Prime Minister Khaleda Zia prevented Khan from holding meetings at the government owned Hotel Sheraton.

Illness and death

In 2006, he was hospitalised in London and underwent a bypass operation.{{cite news |title=Sirajul Alam Khan hospitalised |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/2006/08/17/d608170626105.htm |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=17 August 2006 |access-date=8 December 2015 }}

Khan died from respiratory failure at Dhaka Medical College Hospital on 9 June 2023. He was 82 at the time of his death.{{Cite web |date=9 June 2023 |title=Serajul Alam Khan no more |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/obituary/2023/06/09/serajul-alam-khan-no-more |access-date=9 June 2023 |website=Dhaka Tribune |language=en}}