Sere languages
{{Short description|Proposed Ubangian language family of Central Africa}}
{{Infobox language family
|name=Sere
|altname=Sereic, Ndogoic, Sere–Ndogo
|region=South Sudan, Democratic Republic of the Congo
|familycolor=Niger-Congo
|fam1=Ubangian
|fam2=Seri–Mba
|child3=Sere–Bviri
|glotto=sere1262
|glottorefname=Sereic
}}
The Sere languages (also called the Ndogoic or Sere–Ndogo languages) are a proposed family of Ubangian languages spoken in South Sudan and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Several are endangered or extinct. The most populous Sere language is Ndogo of South Sudan, with about 30,000 speakers.
Traditionally classified as part of the Sere languages, Feroge–Mangayat and Indri–Togoyo could be separate groups that may not belong within Sere.
Languages
Per Ethnologue 26, the structure of the family is as follows:
{{clade
|label1=Sere
|1={{clade
|label1=Feroge–Mangaya
|1={{clade
|1=Feroge
|2=Mangayat
}}
|label2=Indri–Togoyo
|2={{clade
|1=Indri
|2=Togoyo {{†}}
}}
|label3=Sere–Bviri
|3={{clade
|label1=Bai–Viri
|1={{clade
|1=Bai
|2=Belanda Viri
}}
|label2=Ndogo–Sere
|2={{clade
|1=Ndogo
|2=Sere
|3=Tagbu
}}
}}
}}
}}
Per Glottolog v4.8, the structure of the family is as follows:{{Cite web |url=https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/sere1262 |title=Glottolog 4.8 - Sereic |date=2023-07-10 |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=Glottolog |last=Hammarström |first=Harald |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230913132331/https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/sere1262 |archive-date=2023-09-13 |url-status=live |publisher=Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology |author-link=Harald Hammarström |last2=Forkel |first2=Robert |publication-place=Leipzig |doi=10.5281/zenodo.7398962 |last3=Haspelmath |first3=Martin |author-link3=Martin Haspelmath |last4=Bank |first4=Sebastian |doi-access=free}}
{{clade
|label1=Sereic
|1={{clade
|label1=Feroge–Mangaya
|1={{clade
|1=Feroge
|2=Mangayat
}}
|label2=Sere–Indri
|2={{clade
|label1=Indri–Togoyo
|1={{clade
|1=Indri
|2=Togoyo {{†}}
}}
|label2=Sere–Bviri
|2={{clade
|label1=Bai–Viri
|1={{clade
|1=Bai
|2=Belanda Viri
}}
|label2=Ndogo–Sere
|2={{clade
|1=Ndogo
|label2=Tagbu–Sere
|2={{clade
|1=Sere
|2=Tagbu
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
Although the Sere–Bviri languages are clearly related to each other, it is not clear if they are related to Feroge–Mangayat and Indri–Togoyo. The recently extinct Indri–Togoyo languages have pronouns that look Niger–Congo, and are not similar to those of the other languages.{{Cite book|title=The Languages and Linguistics of Africa|last=Güldemann|first=Tom|editor-last=Güldemann|editor-first=Tom|publisher=De Gruyter Mouton|chapter=Historical linguistics and genealogical language classification in Africa|year=2018|isbn=978-3-11-042606-9|doi=10.1515/9783110421668-002|location=Berlin|pages=58–444|series=The World of Linguistics series|volume=11|s2cid=133888593 }}