Shakargarh Tehsil
{{short description|Administrative division in Punjab, Pakistan}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Shakargarh Tehsil
| native_name =
{{Nastaliq|تحصیل شکرگڑھ}}
| native_name_lang = ur
| settlement_type = Tehsil
| image_skyline =
| imagesize = 240px
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| image_map =
| mapsize = 150px
| map_alt =
| map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|32.25|74.90|region:PK_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| pushpin_map = Pakistan
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_mapsize =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Pakistan}}
| subdivision_type1 = Province
| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon|Punjab, Pakistan}} Punjab
| subdivision_type2 = Division
| subdivision_name2 = Gujranwala
| subdivision_type3 = District
| subdivision_name3 = Narowal
| subdivision_type4 = Capital
| subdivision_name4 = Shakargarh
| population_total = 769,339
| population_rural = 642,597
| population_urban = 126742 (16.47%)
| population_as_of = 2023
| population_est =
| pop_est_as_of =
| population_footnotes = {{cite web|url= https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/punjab/dcr/table_1.pdf|title=DISTRICT AND TEHSIL LEVEL POPULATION SUMMARY WITH REGION BREAKUP: PUNJAB|date=2024-10-05|access-date=2024-10-05|publisher=Pakistan Bureau of Statistics}}
| area_total_km2 = 835
| elevation_m = 268
| elevation_m_min =
| elevation_m_max =
| population_density_km2 = 921.36
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| leader_title1 =
| leader_name1 =
| area_code = +92542
| area_code_type = Calling code
| demographics_type1 = Literacy
| demographics1_footnotes = {{Cite web |url= https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/table_12_punjab_districts.pdf |title= Literacy rate, enrolments, and out-of-school population by sex and rural/urban, CENSUS-2023}}
| demographics1_title1 = Literacy rate
| timezone1 = PST
| utc_offset1 = +5
| website = {{URL|https://shakargarh.punjab.gov.pk}}
| footnotes = {{cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/Shakar+Garh,+Pakistan/@32.258917,75.142418,14z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x391c08a02487f46f:0x8c8736f222ef126f|title=Shakargarh|author=Ghulam Haider|publisher=Google Maps|format=bbs|date= November 17, 2015 }}
| demographics1_info1 = {{bulleted list|Total:
(76.28%) |Male:
(81.38%) |Female:
(70.95%)}}
| nickname = Gateway of Mughals entering Gurdaspur and going to Delhi / City of the Braves
}}
Shakargarh (Punjabi: تحصیل شکر گڑھ), is a tehsil located in Narowal District, Punjab, Pakistan.[http://www.nrb.gov.pk/lg_election/union.asp?district=10&dn=Gujrat Tehsils & Unions in the District of Gujrat - Government of Pakistan] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090214003046/http://www.nrb.gov.pk/lg_election/union.asp?district=10&dn=Gujrat |date=2009-02-14 }} Shakargarh was the only tehsil of Gurdaspur district which was included in Pakistan at the time of the independence in 1947.
Administration
The tehsil of Shakargarh is administratively subdivided into union councils, three of which form the tehsil capital Shakargarh. These are:{{Cite web |url=http://www.nrb.gov.pk/lg_election/union.asp?district=32&dn=Narowal |title=NRB: Local Government Elections |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130416071746/http://www.nrb.gov.pk/lg_election/union.asp?district=32&dn=Narowal |archive-date=16 April 2013 |url-status=dead}}
{{colbegin}}
- Achli
- Antowali
- Akhlaspur
- Babral
- Baran
- Bara Manga
- Beeka Chak
- Fatehpur Afghana
- Bhati Afghana
- Barn
- Bheri Khurd
- Bua(village Naimat pur included in buaa union council)
- Bambuh
- Badwal
- Bajjar
- Chak Amru
- Chakwal
- Chandwal
- Chatrana
- Darapur
- Darman
- Dudhu Chak
- Dusri
- Dinga Narainpur
- Fatwal
- Fattu Chak
- Gamrola
- Ghona
- Gorala
- Gorsial
- Gumtala
- Hansowala
- Jabolota
- Jamwal
- Kallah
- Kanjrur
- Kothi
- Khanna
- Kotli Barey Khan
- Kaiyan
- Kot Nainan
- Lalwan
- Langah
- Lesar Kalan
- Mallah
- Mangri
- Mariyal
- Masrur
- Morli
- Nadala sulehrian
- Nagwal
- Naurangabad
- Nurkot
- Phagwari Minhasan
- Paghala Mor
- Pindi Mana
- Phagwari
- Phalwari
- Peela Gujran
- Pindori Dhunda
- Qasim Pura
- Raiba Kalan
- Rambari
- Shakargarh-I
- Shakargarh-II
- Shakargarh-III
- Sohawra
- Shahpur
- Sinaree
- Sarjal
- Sukho Chak
- Tarpai
- Pela Tola
- Walipur Bhura
{{colend}}
History
Shakargarh became tehsil in 1853. Its literacy rate is 97 percent. Sialkot was annexed by the British after the Second Anglo-Sikh War in 1849. In 1853, Shakargarh Tehsil of Sialkot district was transferred to Gurdaspur District{{cite book|url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V12_400.gif|title=Imperial Gazetteer2 of India |volume=12 |page=394|location=Oxford |publisher=Clarendon Press |date=1908 |via=Digital South Asia Library, University of Chicago|access-date=9 January 2017}} and it remained an administrative subdivision of Gurdaspur district until Partition in 1947. Under the Radcliffe Award, three of the four tehsils of Gurdaspur district on the eastern bank of the Ujh river (which joined the Ravi a little further down) – Gurdaspur, Batala and Pathankot – were awarded to India and only one, Shakargarh, was assigned to Pakistan.{{cite web|url=https://www.thefridaytimes.com/tft/splitting-india-vii/|title=Splitting India VII|author=Ishtiaq Ahmed |work=The Friday Times|date=1 November 2013}} After the creation of Pakistan, Shakargarh became a part of Sialkot district once again. In July 1991, two tehsils (Narowal and Shakargarh) were split off from Sialkot district{{cite web|url=https://www.punjab.gov.pk/narowal|title=Narowal - Punjab Portal|access-date=15 December 2016}} and Shakargarh became a tehsil of the newly formed Narowal district.
The Imperial Gazetteer of India, written over a hundred years ago during British rule, describes Shakargarh as follows:
Tahsīl of Gurdāspur District, Punjab, lying between 32°2' and 32° 30' N. and 74° 57' and 75° 23' E., with an area of {{convert|485|sqmi|km2}}. The Ravi divides it from the rest of the District to the south, while on the north it touches Jammu territory. West of the narrow lowlands along the Ravi, the country is an arid expanse of rolling downs intersected by torrent beds. The population in 1901 was 234,465, compared with 250,336 in 1891. It contains 703 villages, of which Shakargarh is the headquarters. The land revenue and cesses in 1903-4 amounted to Rs. 4,29,000.{{cite book|url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V22_234.gif |title=Imperial Gazetteer of India |volume=22 |page=228 |location=Oxford |publisher=Clarendon Press |date=1908 |via=Digital South Asia Library, University of Chicago|access-date=9 January 2017}}
Demographics
= Population =
{{Historical populations|1951|...|1961|...|1972|...|1981|...|1998|520,855|2017|672,030|2023|769,339|align=center|percentages=pagr|footnote=Sources:{{cite web |title=Population by administrative units 1951-1998 |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/1998/administrative_units.pdf |publisher = Pakistan Bureau of Statistics}}}}
As of the 2023 census, Shakargarh Tehsil in Narowal District, Punjab, Pakistan, has a total population of 769,339, with 642,597 residing in rural areas and 126,742 in urban areas. The tehsil covers an area of 835 square kilometers, resulting in a population density of approximately 921.36 people per square kilometer. The literacy rate in Shakargarh Tehsil is 76.28%, with male literacy at 81.38% and female literacy at 70.95% {{Cite web |title=Shakargarh (Tehsil, Pakistan) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/pakistan/distr/admin/narowal/72302__shakargarh/ |access-date=2023-07-31 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}.The average annual growth rate is 1.35.{{Cite web |title=Shakargarh (Tehsil, Pakistan) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/pakistan/distr/admin/narowal/72302__shakargarh/ |access-date=2023-07-31 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}
Shakargarh city, the administrative center of the tehsil, has a population of 126,742 as of 2023.
= Religion =
An overwhelming majority (99%) are Muslims with a small minority adhering to Christianity. Local Sikhs and Hindus.
| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Religion in Shakargarh Tehsil (1881–1941) ! rowspan="2" |Religious ! colspan="2" |1881{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.35264 |access-date=8 April 2024 |title=Gazetteers Of Gurdaspur District, 1883-84 |year=1884}} ! colspan="2" |1891{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.30607/ |access-date=8 April 2024 |title=Gazetteer of the Gurdaspur district, 1891-92 |year=1892}} ! colspan="2" |1911{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25393788 |jstor=saoa.crl.25393788 |access-date=8 April 2024 |title=Census of India 1911. Vol. 14, Punjab. Pt. 2, Tables. |year=1911 |pages=19}}{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.62718 |access-date=8 April 2024 |title=Census Of India 1911 Punjab Vol XIV Part II |year=1911 |author=Kaul, Harikishan}} |
| Population
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}} !{{abbr|Pop.|Population}} !{{Abbr|%|percentage}} !{{abbr|Pop.|Population}} !{{Abbr|%|percentage}} !{{abbr|Pop.|Population}} !{{Abbr|%|percentage}} !{{abbr|Pop.|Population}} !{{Abbr|%|percentage}} !{{abbr|Pop.|Population}} !{{Abbr|%|percentage}} !{{abbr|Pop.|Population}} !{{Abbr|%|percentage}} |
|---|
| Hinduism 15px{{efn|name=ad-dharmi|1931-1941 census: Including Ad-Dharmis}}
| 109,241 |{{Percentage | 109241 | 219511 | 2 }} | 119,750 |{{Percentage | 119750 | 250336 | 2 }} | 111,819 |{{Percentage | 111819 | 234465 | 2 }} | 93,052 |{{Percentage | 93052 | 210447 | 2 }} | 90,645 |{{Percentage | 90645 | 212849 | 2 }} | 101,318 |{{Percentage | 101318 | 247363 | 2 }} | 116,553 |{{Percentage | 116553 | 291505 | 2 }} |
| Islam 15px
| 105,176 |{{Percentage | 105176 | 219511 | 2 }} | 122,391 |{{Percentage | 122391 | 250336 | 2 }} | 115,189 |{{Percentage | 115189 | 234465 | 2 }} | 103,356 |{{Percentage | 103356 | 210447 | 2 }} | 106,168 |{{Percentage | 106168 | 212849 | 2 }} | 125,828 |{{Percentage | 125828 | 247363 | 2 }} | 149,600 |{{Percentage | 149600 | 291505 | 2 }} |
| Sikhism 15px
| 5,090 |{{Percentage | 5090 | 219511 | 2 }} | 7,252 |{{Percentage | 7252 | 250336 | 2 }} | 6,557 |{{Percentage | 6557 | 234465 | 2 }} | 10,553 |{{Percentage | 10553 | 210447 | 2 }} | 12,303 |{{Percentage | 12303 | 212849 | 2 }} | 15,730 |{{Percentage | 15730 | 247363 | 2 }} | 20,573 |{{Percentage | 20573 | 291505 | 2 }} |
| Christianity 15px
| 4 |{{Percentage | 4 | 219511 | 3 }} | 943 |{{Percentage | 943 | 250336 | 2 }} | 900 |{{Percentage | 900 | 234465 | 2 }} | 3,486 |{{Percentage | 3486 | 210447 | 2 }} | 3,733 |{{Percentage | 3733 | 212849 | 2 }} | 4,487 |{{Percentage | 4487 | 247363 | 2 }} | 4,779 |{{Percentage | 4779 | 291505 | 2 }} |
| Total Population
! 219,511 !{{Percentage | 219511 | 219511 | 2 }} ! 250,336 !{{Percentage | 250336 | 250336 | 2 }} ! 234,465 !{{Percentage | 234465 | 234465 | 2 }} ! 210,447 !{{Percentage | 210447 | 210447 | 2 }} ! 212,849 !{{Percentage | 212849 | 212849 | 2 }} ! 247,363 !{{Percentage | 247363 | 247363 | 2 }} ! 291,505 !{{Percentage | 291505 | 291505 | 2 }} |
| class="sortbottom"
| colspan="15" | {{small|Note: British Punjab province era tehsil borders are not an exact match in the present-day due to various bifurcations to tehsil borders — which since created new tehsils — throughout the historic Punjab Province region during the post-independence era that have taken into account population increases.}} |
= Tribes =
Gujjar are the predominant caste followed in order by Ansaris, Pathans, Jatts, and Rajputs. The tehsil has one of the highest literacy rates in Pakistan at over 97%.{{Cite web |title=Page 40 - Narowal Gazetteer |url=https://gazetteers.punjab.gov.pk/uploads/flipbooks/narowal/2021/files/basic-html/page40.html |access-date=2023-07-31 |website=gazetteers.punjab.gov.pk}}
Notable people
- Dev Anand : Indian Bollywood actor
- Ch Nawab din Gujjar : Inspector of Police in Indian Imperial Police and a famous Lambardar.
- Anwar Aziz Gujjar : Former member of the National Assembly and federal minister.
- Muhammad Tariq Anis Gujjar : Ex Minister, MNA and MPA.
- Daniyal Aziz Gujjar Ex MNA
- Shiv Kumar Batalvi : Punjabi poet.
- Nek Chand : Indian sculptor and creator of Rock Garden, Chandigarh
- Chaudhry Abdul Rahim Gujjar Zaildar : Ex MLA and MNA. He was given title of khan bahadur by British raj.
- Gurbachan Singh Salaria : Captain of British Indian Army, he was awarded by Param Vir Chakra.
- S. M. Zafar : former minister, human rights lawyer in Pakistan
- [Ch Fazal Ahmad] : Ex Chairman UC Bheri and Kabbadi Player
- Captain Gurbachan Singh Salaria: British Indian Army captain who was awarded the Param Vir Chakra
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}}
{{notelist}}
External links
- Shakargarh Official Website : https://shakargarh.net
{{Administrative divisions of Narowal District}}
{{Tehsils of Punjab (Pakistan)}}