Shalya Parva

This Parva (book) traditionally has 4 sub-parvas (parts or little books) and 65 adhyayas (sections, chapters).[https://archive.org/stream/aproseenglishtr01duttgoog#page/n892/mode/2up Shalya Parva] The Mahabharata, Translated by Manmatha Nath Dutt (1897) The following are the sub-parvas:{{cite web |title=Mahābhārata (Table of Contents) |url=https://www.tititudorancea.com/z/mahabharata_table_of_contents.htm |website=The Titi Tudorancea Bulletin |access-date=2021-03-01}}

: 1. Shalya-vadha Parva (Chapters: 1–22)

: 2. Shalya Parva (Chapters: 23–27)

: 3. Hrada-praveca Parva (Chapters: 28–29)

: 4. Gadayuddha Parva (Chapters: 30–65)

After three commanders-in-chief of the Kauravas army are slain, Shalya is appointed the leader. He too is killed, as is Shakuni. Millions more soldiers die on the last day of war. Duryodhana, in anguish, leaves the battlefield and goes to a lake. Bhima meets him there and challenges him to a battle. Bhima mortally wounds Duryodhana by crushing his thighs, and later, Duryodhana dies.

Out of 11 Akshauhinis of the Kauravas, the only survivors are mortally injured Duryodhana along with Aswatthama, Kritavarman and Kripa.Bibek Debroy (2013), The Mahabharata, Volume 7, Penguin, {{ISBN|978-0-143-10019-5}}, Section 74 - Shalya Parva From Pandavas army, all five brothers, Krishna, 2000 chariots, 700 elephants, 5,000 horsemen and 10,000 foot soldiers survive. Shalya parva describes the war as over with a heavy toll on human lives, Pandavas are victorious, yet a desire for revenge is brewing in Duryodhana, Aswatthama, Kritavarman and Kripa.

Shalya Parva was composed in Sanskrit. Several translations of the book in English are available. Two translations from 19th century, now in public domain, are those by Kisari Mohan Ganguli and Manmatha Nath Dutt. The translations vary with each translator's interpretations.

Clay Sanskrit Library has published a 15 volume set of the Mahabharata which includes Shalya Parva. This translation is modern, by multiple authors and uses an old manuscript of the epic. The translation does not remove verses and chapters now widely believed to be spurious and smuggled into the epic in 1st or 2nd millennium AD.Justin Meiland, Book IX - Vol 1 & 2, The Clay Sanskrit Library, Mahabharata: 15-volume Set, {{ISBN|978-0-8147-5706-2}}, New York University Press, Bilingual Edition

Debroy, in 2011, notes that updated critical edition of Shalya Parva, after removing verses and chapters generally accepted so far as spurious and inserted into the original, has 4 parts, 64 adhyayas (chapters) and 3,541 shlokas (verses).Bibek Debroy, The Mahabharata : Volume 3, {{ISBN|978-0143100157}}, Penguin Books, page xxiii - xxiv of Introduction Debroy has published a translated version of the critical edition of Shalya Parva in Volume 7 of his series.

The entire parva has been "transcreated" and translated in verse by the poet Dr. Purushottama Lal published by Writers Workshop.

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Shalya-vadha Parva, Chapter 1:

{{quote|

Shalya has been killed, as also Shakuni and his son Uluka,

The Samsaptakas, the Kambhojas, the Shakas, the Mlechas, the Mountaineers and the Yavanas have all been killed;

The Easterners, the Southerners, the Northerners and the Westerners, O king, have all been killed,

All the kings and princes have been killed; Duryodhana too have been killed by Pandu's son Bhima,

All the men collected have been destroyed, as also the elephants; all chariot warriors and horsemen have been slain in battle.

Amongst the Pandavas seven are alive, amongst your people just three.

|Sanjaya|Shalya Parva, Mahabharata Book ix.1.22-32[https://archive.org/stream/aproseenglishtr01duttgoog#page/n778/mode/2up Shalya Parva] The Mahabharata, Translated by Manmatha Nath Dutt (1901), page 2 Abridged}}

Gadayuddha Parva, Chapter 32:

{{quote|

In difficulty, every one forgets considerations of virtue.

|Yudhishthira|Shalya Parva, Mahabharata Book ix.32.59[https://archive.org/stream/aproseenglishtr01duttgoog#page/n838/mode/2up Shalya Parva] The Mahabharata, Translated by Manmatha Nath Dutt (1901), page 64}}

Gadayuddha Parva, Chapter 60:

{{quote|

Morality is always followed by the good.

Morality is always followed for two motives:

the desire for Profit, or the desire for Pleasure

Whoever without making distinction between Morality and Profit,

or Morality and Pleasure, or Pleasure and Profit,

follows all three together - Morality, Profit and Pleasure,

always succeeds in obtaining great happiness.

|Balarama|Shalya Parva, Mahabharata Book ix.60.17-19[https://archive.org/stream/aproseenglishtr01duttgoog#page/n886/mode/2up Shalya Parva] The Mahabharata, Translated by Manmatha Nath Dutt (1901), page 114}}

• Previous book of Mahabharata: Karna Parva
• Next book of Mahabharata: Sauptika Parva

{{reflist}}

• [http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m01/index.htm Translation] by Kisari Mohan Ganguli.
• [https://archive.org/stream/aproseenglishtr01duttgoog#page/n774/mode/2up Shalya Parva], Translation by Manmatha Nath Dutt
• [https://archive.org/details/lemahabharatapo09faucuoft Le Mahabharata], Translation in French, by H. Fauche (Paris, 1868)
• [https://archive.org/stream/mahabharata_nk/mahabharata_nilakanthas_commentary#page/n2527/mode/2up Shalya Parva in Sanskrit] by Vyasadeva and commentary by Nilakantha (Editor: Kinjawadekar, 1929)

{{Mahabharata}}

Category:Parvas in the Mahabharata

Category:Kurukshetra War