Sheikh Mand
{{Short description|Yazidi saint, first ruler of Kilis principality}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Sheikh Mand
| title = Emir
| image =
| caption =
| succession = Emir of Kurds
| reign =
| coronation =
| full name = Sheikh Mand ibn Fakhir ad-Din ibn Eizdin al-Hakkariya
| predecessor =
| successor = Arbu Beg
| spouse =
| issue =
| dynasty = Şemsanî
| father = Fexredîn
| mother =
| religion = Yazidism
| birth_date = 12th century
| birth_place =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| date of burial =
| place of burial =
}}
{{Expand German|topic=bio|date=December 2021}}
{{Yazidism}}
File:Shegh mand shrine.jpg, Iraq which was destroyed by ISIS on 25 August 2014 and then rebuilt in 2021]]
Sheikh Mand or Sheikh Mend, Sheikh Mand Pasha ({{Langx|ku|Şêx Mend}}{{cite book | last=Omarkhali | first=Khanna | author-link=Khanna Omarkhali | title=The Yezidi religious textual tradition, from oral to written: categories, transmission, scripturalisation, and canonisation of the Yezidi oral religious texts | publisher=Harrassowitz Verlag | publication-place=Wiesbaden | year=2017 | isbn=978-3-447-10856-0 | oclc=994778968}}) was a 12th-century Yazidi saint, ruler of Kilis principality, and an Ayyubid Army commanfiefdom is the son of Şêx Fexredîn and thus belongs to the Şemsanî lineage of sheikhs. His sister was Khatuna Fekhra, revered today as one of the most important Yazidi female saints.{{Cite book |last=Açikyildiz |first=Birgül |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RBCMDwAAQBAJ&dq=Ayyubid+sinjar&pg=PA42 |title=The Yezidis: The History of a Community, Culture and Religion |date=2014 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-0-85772-061-0 |pages=41 |language=en}}{{cite book | last=Kreyenbroek | first=Philip | author-link=Philip G. Kreyenbroek | title=Yezidism: its background, observances, and textual tradition | publisher=E. Mellen Press | publication-place=Lewiston NY | year=1995 | isbn=0-7734-9004-3 | oclc=31377794}}{{cite book | last=Kreyenbroek | first=Philip | author-link=Philip G. Kreyenbroek | title=God and Sheikh Adi are perfect: sacred poems and religious narratives from the Yezidi tradition | publisher=Harrassowitz Verlag | publication-place=Wiesbaden | year=2005 | isbn=978-3-447-05300-6 | oclc=63127403}}
Emir of Kurds
Sheikh Mand was one the leaders of Kurdish Hakkari tribe and commander of Hakkariya regiment of the Ayyubid Army. For his service, Saladin granted him the title of "Emir of the Kurds" along with the rule of Qoseir castle located in western Aleppo, and a fiefdom over Kurds in Levant.{{Cite book |last=Guest |first=John S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0h0U-f8FbDEC&dq=hakkari+tribe&pg=PA16 |title=Survival Among The Kurds |date=2012-11-12 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-15736-3 |pages=45 |language=en}}{{Cite book |last1=باروت |first1=محمد جمال |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LBWLDwAAQBAJ&dq=%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AE+%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF+%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A7&pg=RA1-PT86 |title=الصراع العثماني - الصفوي وآثاره في الشيعية في شمال بلاد الشام |last2=السياسات |first2=المركز العربي للأبحاث ودراسة |date=2018-01-01 |publisher=المركز العربي للأبحاث ودراسة السياسات |isbn=978-614-445-219-6 |language=ar}}
Association with snakes
Sheikh Mand is traditionally considered to be a patron of snakes. His shrine at Lalish is said to contain a cave that is full of snakes.Diar Khalaf and Hayri Demir. 2013. Mythos und Legende der Shex Mend und das Symbol der Schlange (Myth and legend of the Şêx Mend and the symbol of the snake) (in German).
References
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{{Yazidi saints}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mand, Sheikh}}
Category:13th-century Kurdish people
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