Shenhua Group

The predecessor of the company was a subsidiary of China Huaneng Group, called {{lang|zh|华能精煤公司}} (sometimes translated as Huaneng Coal Corporation{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/DTIC_ADA359764/DTIC_ADA359764_djvu.txt|title=JPRS Report, Science & Technology China: Energy|date=23 June 1987|access-date=29 June 2018|publisher=Foreign Broadcast Information Service|via=archive.org}}). China Huaneng Group was founded in 1989 as a holding company for a series of companies that were founded in the 1980s for a "coal for petroleum" project, replacing the use of petroleum to coal in power plants.{{cite web|url=http://www.chng.com.cn/n31529/n31559/c32065/content.html|title=1989 nián dà shì jì|script-title=zh:1989年大事记|access-date=26 June 2018|publisher=China Huaneng Group|language=zh-cn}}{{cite magazine|url=http://finance.sina.com.cn/360desktop/roll/20141225/162221164737.shtml|title=Lǐ Péng tóng yì huán éng jí tuán chéng lì bèi hòu: Gōng sī yǒu hěn duō zī jīn|script-title=zh:李鹏同意华能集团成立背后：公司有很多资金|date=25 December 2014|access-date=29 June 2018|magazine=能源|author1=王传剑|author2=沈小波|language=zh-cn|via=Sina}} In 1993, China Huaneng Group was under the dual directorship of the {{ill|Ministry of Power Industry|zh|中华人民共和国电力工业部}} and the {{ill|State Planning Committee (China)|zh|中华人民共和国国家计划委员会|lt=State Planning Committee}}, both departments of the State Council of the People's Republic of China. Previously China Huaneng Group was under the sole directorship of the State Planning Committee.{{cite press release|url=http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2010-12/10/content_7970.htm|title=Guó wù yuàn bàn gōng tīng guān yú yìn fā diàn lì gōng yè bù zhí néng pèi zhì, nèi shè jī gòu hé rén yuán biān zhì fāng'àn de tōng zhī|script-title=zh:国务院办公厅关于印发电力工业部职能配置、内设机构和人员编制方案的通知|date=6 August 1993|access-date=29 June 2018|publisher=General Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China|language=zh-cn}} In 1995, Shenhua Group was founded as a separate corporation under the provisional directorship of the State Planning Committee.{{cite press release|url=http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2010-11/15/content_2646.htm|title=Guó wù yuàn guān yú tóng yì chéng lì shén huá jí tuán yǒu xiàn zé rèn gōng sī hé shén huá jí tuán de pī fù|script-title=zh:国务院关于同意成立神华集团有限责任公司和神华集团的批复|date=8 August 1995|access-date=29 June 2018|publisher=State Council of the People's Republic of China|language=zh-cn}} After the formation of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council (SASAC), Shenhua Group was under the direct supervision of SASAC until the 2017 merger, where the new China Energy Investment was under direct SASAC supervision instead.{{cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/china-largest-power-company-shenhua-group-merger-2017-8|title=Chinese merger creates the world's biggest power group with $271 billion in assets|website=Business Insider|date=August 29, 2017|access-date=2022-05-19}}

Shenhua Group had a major subsidiary and listed company China Shenhua Energy. However, some of the assets remained unlisted.

File:HXD1型7004号神八电力机车.jpg

Shenhua Group is vertically integrated and, in addition to coal mining, the company also produces electricity from coal and renewable energy, operates railroads, ports, and seaborne shipments, produces polyethylene and polypropylene, and undertakes research, development, and demonstrations activities.

Shenhua Group was the largest coal producer in China, operating both underground and open cut mines. In 2014, the company sold about 588 million tonnes of coal, the vast majority of which was mined by Shenhua subsidiaries. In 2014, Shenhua invested a total of US$37 million in conservation of soil and water and environmental remediation. Afforestation areas were expanded by over {{convert|25|km2|acre}} in 2014.

Shenhua had implemented smart mining technologies.{{cite web|url=http://cornerstonemag.net/shenhuas-development-of-digital-mines/|title=Shenhua's Development of Digital Mines|website=cornerstonemag.net|access-date=8 December 2017}} In 2013, the company was awarded the World Coal Association Award for Leadership on Mining Safety.{{cite web|url=http://www.worldcoal.org/resources/case-studies/shenhua-group-safety-management-programme/|title=Resources|website=worldcoal.org|access-date=8 December 2017}}

In 2014, the company transported coal on its railways at a rate of 224 billion tonnes·km. Shenhua owned three ports and worked with third party ports that were used to transport about 235.8 million tonnes of coal by sea in 2014.

Shenhua's total power output dispatch was 324.6 TWh in 2014, most of this electricity was generated using coal. The company completed the desulfurization (de-SOx) retrofits to all of its coal-fired power generators. Shenhua Guohua, one of Shenhua Group's largest electricity-generating subsidiaries, implemented a program to achieve near-zero emissions at its coal fired power plants. The company has committed to emissions of PM, SOx, and NOx that are at or below the standards set for natural gas power plants.{{cite web|url=http://cornerstonemag.net/shenhua-guohuas-application-of-near-zero-emissions-technologies-for-coal-fired-power-plants/|title=Shenhua Guohua's Application of Near-Zero Emissions Technologies for Coal-Fired Power Plants|website=cornerstonemag.net|access-date=8 December 2017}}

The company held more than 5,000 MW of renewable energy capacity and was the sixth largest producer of electricity from wind in China. Shenhua also planned to build wind farms in Australia.{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2013-04-11/shenhua-partner-plan-1-7-billion-in-australian-wind-projects|title=Shenhua, Partner Plan $1.7 Billion in Australian Wind Projects|newspaper=Bloomberg.com |date=11 April 2013|access-date=8 December 2017|via=www.bloomberg.com}}

Shenhua owned and operated facilities that convert coal to products through indirect coal liquefaction and direct coal liquefaction. Shenhua's direct liquefaction plant was the largest such facility in the world. In 2014, the facility produced 900,000 tonnes of liquid fuels and products, including diesel, naphtha, and liquefied petroleum gas.

Shenhua owned and operated three coal to olefins projects. The production capacity of these facilities was about 1.6 million tonnes per year.

Shenhua has had several research projects related to the water-energy nexus. The company developed and demonstrated the concept of recycling and purifying mine water so that underground mines with distributed reservoirs can become net water producers and provide water to the surrounding community and industries. This has been demonstrated at Shenhua's Daliuta coal mine in the Shendong mining area.{{cite web|url=http://cornerstonemag.net/water-resource-protection-technology-for-coal-mining-in-western-china/|title=Water Resource Protection Technology for Coal Mining in Western China|website=cornerstonemag.net|access-date=8 December 2017}}

Shenhua researched and developed reducing the water consumption of coal conversion processes.

The company has more than 30 subsidiaries, including:

• Shenhua Shendong Coal Group Co., Ltd
• Shenhua Railway Development Co., Ltd.
• Shaanxi Guohua Jinjie Energy Co., Ltd.
• Shenhua Trading Group Ltd.
• Guangdong Guohua Yudean Taishan Power Co., Ltd.
• Zhejiang Guohua Zheneng Power Generation Co., Ltd.
• Shenhua Zhunge’er Energy Co., Ltd.
• Shenhua Railway Transportation Co., Ltd.
• Hebei Guohua Cangdong Power Co., Ltd.
• Hebei Guohua Dingzhou Power Generation Co., Ltd.

Shenhua Group's subsidiary China Shenhua Energy Company is listed at the Hong Kong Stock Exchange and Shanghai Stock Exchange.

According to Greenpeace in July 2013 Shenhua Group reduced groundwater levels in an Inner Mongolia region and discharged high levels of toxic wastewater.[https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/jul/23/chinese-coal-toxic-wastewater Chinese coal company releasing toxic wastewater, Greenpeace says] The Guardian 23 July 2013[http://www.greenpeace.org/international/en/press/releases/Greenpeace-reveals-Chinese-state-coal-companys-ruthless-water-grab/ Greenpeace reveals Chinese state coal company's ruthless water grab] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726143605/http://www.greenpeace.org/international/en/press/releases/Greenpeace-reveals-Chinese-state-coal-companys-ruthless-water-grab/ |date=2013-07-26 }} July 23, 2013

The group planned to build the A$1 billion Shenhua Watermark coal mine in the Liverpool Plains in New South Wales, Australia. The Liverpool Plains are primary agricultural land and the mine has sparked controversy within Australia.[http://www.news.com.au/finance/business/the-coal-mine-in-nsw-farmland-that-no-one-wants-to-claim-responsibility-for-approving/story-fnkgdg1h-1227437784308 The coal mine in NSW farmland that no one wants to claim responsibility for approving] news.com.au, published: 11 July 2015, accessed: 12 July 2015

{{Reflist}}

{{Portal|China|Energy|Companies}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20080304012855/http://www.shenhuagroup.com.cn/english/ Company website]
• [http://gcis.com.cn/index.php/china-insights-en/china-infographics-en/210-china-coal-production-location-and-major-companies-2016 China Coal Production - Location and Major Companies 2016]

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