Shenzhou 9
{{Short description|2012 Chinese crewed spaceflight to Tiangong-1}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Expand Chinese|topic=tech|date=July 2012}}
{{Infobox spaceflight
| name = Shenzhou 9
| image = Tiangong 1 drawing.png
| image_caption = Diagram depicting Shenzhou 9 (right) docked with Tiangong-1 (left)
| insignia =
| mission_type =
| operator =
| COSPAR_ID = 2012-032A
| SATCAT = 38461
| mission_duration = 12 days, 15 hours and 25 minutes
| orbits_completed =
| spacecraft_type = Shenzhou
| manufacturer =
| launch_mass =
| landing_mass =
| launch_date = {{start-date|16 June 2012, 10:37:24|timezone=yes}} UTC
| launch_rocket = Long March 2F
| launch_site = Jiuquan LA-4/SLS-1
| landing_date = {{end-date|29 June 2012, 02:01:16|timezone=yes}} UTC
| landing_site =
| orbit_epoch =
| orbit_reference = Geocentric
| orbit_regime = Low Earth
| orbit_periapsis =
| orbit_apoapsis =
| orbit_inclination =
| orbit_period =
| apsis = gee
| docking = {{Infobox spaceflight/Dock
| docking_target = Tiangong-1
| docking_type = dock
| docking_date = 18 June 2012, 06:07 UTC
| undocking_date = 24 June 2012, 03:08 UTC
| time_docked = 3 days, 21 hours, 1 minute
}}
{{Infobox spaceflight/Dock
| docking_target = Tiangong-1
| docking_type = dock
| docking_date = 24 June 2012, 04:38 UTC
| undocking_date = 28 June 2012, 01:22 UTC
| time_docked = 3 days, 20 hours, 44 minutes
}}
| crew_size = 3
| crew_members = Jing Haipeng
Liu Wang
Liu Yang
| crew_callsign =
| crew_photo = Shenzhou 9 crew.jpg
| crew_photo_caption = (l-r) Jing Haipeng, Liu Wang, and Liu Yang
| previous_mission = Shenzhou 8
| next_mission = Shenzhou 10
| insignia_caption = Shenzhou 9 mission patch
| programme = Shenzhou program
}}
Shenzhou 9 ({{zh|s=神舟九号}}) was the fourth crewed spacecraft flight of China's Shenzhou program, launched at 18:37:24 CST (10:37:24 UTC), 16 June 2012. Shenzhou 9 was the second spacecraft and first crewed mission and expedition to dock with the Tiangong-1 space station, which took place on 18 June. The Shenzhou 9 spacecraft landed at 10:01:16 CST (02:01:16 UTC) on 29 June in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The mission's crew included the first Chinese female astronaut, Liu Yang. The next mission was Shenzhou 10, which launched on 11 June 2013.
History
On 12 March 2012, it was announced that the initial crew selection roster for the mission included female astronauts. The crew were unveiled to the press on 15 June. China's first female astronaut would be Liu Yang. Liu was selected ahead of her fellow female astronaut prospect Wang Yaping. This mission also featured the first repeat astronaut, Jing Haipeng, the commander of the mission. Shenzhou 9 was the 9th flight in China's Shenzhou program and the fourth crewed spaceflight. The mission's launch was 49 years to the day after that of the first woman in space, cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova.
Mission preparations
The Shenzhou 9 spacecraft arrived at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the northwestern Gobi Desert on 9 April 2012 and its carrier rocket, the Long March 2F, arrived on 9 May. On 9 June 2012, the Shenzhou 9 spacecraft and its carrier rocket were rolled out to launch pad. On 12 June 2012 underwent system-wide joint exercises, and final health checks were completed the following day.
= Expedition ceremony =
On 16 June 2012, the expedition ceremony was held at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. National People's Congress Standing Committee Chairman Wu Bangguo attended the ceremony. The astronauts, Liu Wang, Liu Yang, and Jing Haipeng, rode to the launch tower and turned in the entrance with the assistance of support staff.{{cite news|editor-last=Yao |editor-first=Peishuo|url=http://www.chinanews.com/gn/2012/06-16/3968395.shtml|script-title=zh:神九发射在即航天员已进入飞船舱内|agency=China News Service|date=2012-06-16|access-date=2021-08-06|language=zh}}
Mission
The Long March 2F rocket was launched on 16 June 2012 at 10:37 UTC.
Shenzhou 9 docked with China's first space lab Tiangong-1 at 06:07 UTC on 18 June, marking China's first crewed spacecraft rendezvous and docking. This docking was remotely controlled from a ground station. After about 3 hours, when the pressures inside the vessels were equalized, Jing Haipeng entered into Tiangong-1.{{cite news|last=Xin |first=Dingding |url=http://europe.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2012-06/19/content_15510702.htm|title=China successfully completes space docking|work=China Daily|date=19 June 2012|access-date=7 August 2021}} Six days later, Shenzhou 9 detached from the station and then redocked manually under the control of crew member Liu Wang, making it the first manual docking for the Chinese program.
Shenzhou 9 landed by parachute in Siziwang Banner, Inner Mongolia on 29 June 2012.{{cite news |title=China's Shenzhou-9 crew returns to Earth after history-making trip|publisher=NBC News |date=29 June 2012 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/chinas-shenzhou-9-crew-returns-earth-after-history-making-trip-flna852872|access-date= 29 June 2012 }}
Crew
{{Spaceflight crew
| terminology = Crew member
| launchdate = 16 June 2012
| landingdate =
| crew1_up = Jing Haipeng{{Flagicon|CHN}}
| flights1_up = Second
| position1 = Commander
| details1_up = First Chinese astronaut to fly more than once in space
| crew2_up = Liu Wang{{Flagicon|CHN}}
| flights2_up = First
| position2 = Operator
| details2_up =
| crew3_up = Liu Yang{{Flagicon|CHN}}
| flights3_up = First
| position3 = Laboratory Assistant
| details3_up = First Chinese woman in space
}}
= Backup crew =
The backup crew for the flight was:{{cite news |last=Jones|first=Morris |date=3 April 2013 |url=http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Shenzhous_Shadow_Crew_999.html |title= Shenzhou's Shadow Crew |work=Space Daily |access-date=7 August 2021}}
{{Spaceflight crew
| terminology = Crew member
| crew1_up = Nie Haisheng
| position1 = Commander
| crew2_up = Zhang Xiaoguang
| position2 = Operator
| crew3_up = Wang Yaping
| position3 = Laboratory Assistant
}}
The backup crew later became the prime crew for Shenzhou 10.{{cite news |url= http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Astronauts_of_Shenzhou_10_mission_meet_press_999.html |date= 11 June 2013 |title= Astronauts of Shenzhou-10 mission meet press |work= Space Daily|agency=Xinhua News Agency|access-date=7 August 2021}}
Mission timeline
;9 April 2012
;9 May 2012
- Long March 2F space launcher arrives at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center
;9 June 2012
;15 June 2012
;16 June 2012
- Launch, first woman in space for the Chinese program, first repeat traveller for the Chinese program, first crewed mission to a space station for the Chinese program
;18 June 2012
- First crewed rendezvous for the Chinese space program.
- Automated docking with Tiangong-1, first crewed docking by the Chinese program
;24 June 2012
- Shenzhou 9 undocks with Tiangong-1
- Shenzhou 9 redocks with Tiangong-1, first manual docking by the Chinese space program, second crewed docking by the program
;29 June 2012
- Shenzhou 9 landed in Siziwang Banner, Inner Mongolia.
See also
{{Portal|Spaceflight|China}}
{{Clear}}
References
{{Reflist
| refs =
{{cite web
| url = http://www.2point6billion.com/news/2010/08/18/china-completes-tiangong-1-space-module-6770.html
| title = China Completes Tiangong-1 Space Module
| website = 2point6billion.com
| date = 18 August 2010
| access-date = 25 June 2012
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101119015509/http://www.2point6billion.com/news/2010/08/18/china-completes-tiangong-1-space-module-6770.html
| archive-date = 19 November 2010
| url-status = dead
}}
{{cite news
| editor-last = Xue
| editor-first = Meng
| title = Shenzhou-9 may take female astronaut to space: official
| url = http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/202936/7755164.html
| work = People's Daily
| agency = Xinhua News Agency
| date = 12 March 2012
| access-date = 16 June 2012
}}
{{cite news
| last = Moskowitz
| first = Clara
| title = China Unveils Astronaut Crew, 1st Female Spaceflyer, for Saturday Launch
| url = http://www.space.com/16158-china-female-astronaut-crew-shenzhou-9.html
| work = Space.com
| date = 15 June 2012
| access-date = 16 June 2012
}}
{{cite news
| title = China astronauts complete successful space docking
| url = https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-space-idINBRE85E0NI20120618
| work = Reuters
| date = 18 June 2012
| access-date = 25 June 2012
}}
{{cite web
| last = Barbosa
| first = Rui C.
| title = China's Shenzhou-9 successfully docks with Tiangong-1
| url = http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2012/06/chinas-shenzhou-9-successfully-docks-with-tiangong-1/
| website = NASASpaceFlight.com
| date = 18 June 2012
| access-date = 18 June 2012
}}
{{cite news
| editor-last = Mu
| editor-first = Xuequan
| title = Shenzhou-9 spacecraft delivered to launch center
| url = http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2012-04/09/c_122951646.htm
| agency = Xinhua News Agency
| date = 9 April 2012
| access-date = 16 June 2012
| url-status = dead
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120616043346/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2012-04/09/c_122951646.htm
| archive-date = 16 June 2012
}}
{{cite news
| title = China to launch manned spacecraft this month
| url = http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/article3508490.ece
| work = Business Line
| agency = Press Trust of India
| date = 9 June 2012
| access-date = 16 June 2012
}}
{{cite news
| url = https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/jun/24/chinese-spacecraft-first-manual-docking
| title = Chinese spacecraft Shenzhou 9 makes first manual docking with space module
| work = The Guardian
| agency = Associated Press
| date = 24 June 2012
| access-date = 25 June 2012
}}
{{cite web
| url = http://en.cmse.gov.cn/news/201206/t20120610_44532.html
| publisher = China Manned Space Engineering Office
| title = China Will Conduct its First Manned Space Rendezvous and Docking Mission
| date = 10 June 2012
| access-date = 7 August 2021
}}
}}
External links
{{Commons category}}
- {{cite news|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/special/shenzhou9/ |access-date=2014-06-30|title=China launches Shenzhou-9 Spacecraft|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140630103442/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/special/shenzhou9/|archive-date=30 June 2014|agency=Xinhua News Agency|type=Archive}}
- {{cite news|url=http://english.people.com.cn/102775/205303/index.html |title=Shenzhou-9 Panoramic Report|work=People's Daily |access-date=2012-06-26}}
- {{cite news|url=http://english.cntv.cn/special/shenzhou9/index.shtml|access-date=2018-10-09|title=Manned Space Mission Shenzhou-9's Docking Mission with Tiangong-1|publisher=CNTV|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009123044/http://english.cntv.cn/special/shenzhou9/index.shtml|archive-date=9 October 2018|type=Archive}}
- {{cite web |url=http://www.spaceflight101.com/shenzhou-9-mission-updates.html|access-date=2012-06-18|title=Shenzhou 9 Mission Updates|website=Spaceflight101|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120618020917/http://www.spaceflight101.com/shenzhou-9-mission-updates.html|archive-date=18 June 2012|type=Archive}}
- {{cite web |url=http://www.zarya.info/Diaries/China/Shenzhou/9/Shenzhou9Diary.php |access-date=2012-08-23|title=Shenzhou 9 Mission Diary and Analyses|website=Zarya.info|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120823121223/http://www.zarya.info/Diaries/China/Shenzhou/9/Shenzhou9Diary.php|archive-date=23 August 2012|type=Archive}}
{{Shenzhou program|before=Shenzhou 8|after=Shenzhou 10}}
{{Orbital launches in 2012}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Shenzhou 09}}
Category:Spacecraft launched in 2012