Sherburn in Elmet

The name derives from Old English "scir" (bright, pure) and "burn" (bourne, stream, spring).{{cite book |last1=Moorman |first1=F. W. |title=Place-Names of the West Riding of Yorkshire |date=1910 |publisher=Thoresby Society |page=169|oclc=187202578}} The earliest record of the name ('Scyreburnan') dates from 963.{{cite book |last1=Ekwall |first1=Eilert |author-link=Eilert Ekwall |title=The concise Oxford dictionary of English place-names |date=1960 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |isbn=0-19-869103-3 |page=416 |edition=4}} Elmet refers to a little-understood post-Roman, Brittonic (non-Anglo-Saxon) kingdom in the area around what is now the Leeds conurbation, the precise boundaries of which are not known, but are thought to have been located at bodies of water, such as the Ouse, Aire and Wharfe rivers.{{sfn|Bogg|1904|p=25}}

Sherburn is situated on a low hill of Permian limestone jutting out into the valley of the River Ouse, so the name may refer to the clarity of the water on the hill compared with the muddy streams on the alluvial plain below. This limestone ridge is still an important source of clear water, for example for the brewing industry at Tadcaster six miles to the north.

The Roman road connecting Castleford with Tadcaster and York ran along this ridge, and the current Low Street/Finkle Hill north–south route through the town marks its line, but little evidence of Roman settlement has been found.{{sfn|Bogg|1904|p=19}}{{cite web |title=Sherburn in Elmet village design statement |url=https://www.northyorks.gov.uk/sites/default/files/fileroot/planning_migrated/planning_policy/091214_VDS_SHERBURN_IN_ELMET.PDF |website=northyorks.gov.uk |access-date=25 September 2023 |page=4 |date=December 2009}}

An earthwork adjoining All Saints' Church is the site of Hall Garth, sometimes erroneously called 'Athelstan's Palace', a high-status dwelling given (along with the manor of Cawood) by King Athelstan to the Archbishops of York to mark his victory over the combined Scots/Norse forces at Brunanburh in 937. Hall Garth cannot be dated back with certainty to the Kingdom of Elmet prior to its absorption into the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Northumbria in 616/7 (see Wikipedia entry for Elmet) and may have been an Anglo-Saxon rather than a Brittonic foundation. File:All Saints Church from Coldhill Lane, Sherburn in Elmet - geograph.org.uk - 252106.jpg The existing church, a Grade I listed building, contains features dating from c.1120: "C12 nave and north aisle, C13 chancel with C14 south aisle and extension to north aisle, C15 south aisle chapel, and later additions and alterations including C16 clerestory, north aisle windows and heightening of tower. East end restored in 1857 by Anthony Salvin and C19 vestry".{{NHLE|num=1148444|desc=Church of All Saints|access-date=15 April 2020}} It was built on the site of an earlier Anglo-Saxon church.{{NHLE|num=1017486|desc=Site of 'King Athelstan's Palace', immediately north of the church|access-date=4 December 2021}}

The town was part of the wapentake of Barkston Ash in the West Riding of Yorkshire.{{cite web |title=Sherburn in Elmet :: Survey of English Place-Names |url=https://epns.nottingham.ac.uk/browse/West+Riding+of+Yorkshire/53288217b47fc40c81005ff9-Sherburn+in+Elmet |website=epns.nottingham.ac.uk |access-date=25 September 2023}}

The Battle of Towton was fought nearby in 1461 and local legend tells that King Edward IV, who won the battle, used the church tower as a point for surveying the battle lines.{{cite web |title=Sherburn in Elmet village design statement |url=https://www.northyorks.gov.uk/sites/default/files/fileroot/planning_migrated/planning_policy/091214_VDS_SHERBURN_IN_ELMET.PDF |website=northyorks.gov.uk |access-date=25 September 2023 |page=5 |date=December 2009}} In fact the battle, the main action of which occurred between {{convert|3–4|mi}} away, could not have been seen with any clarity from the church tower, which was not then as tall as it is today.

During the English Civil War, the town was garrisoned by the Royalists for King Charles I; it was close to their stronghold at Selby and the northern capital of York, and commanded the approaches from both the south and the west. In 1645, the Parliamentarians attacked Sherburn and defeated the garrison. On 15 October 1645 the Battle of Sherburn-in-Elmet took place. A Royalist force commanded by Lord Digby and Sir Marmaduke Langdale attacked and initially defeated the Parliamentarian garrison now based in the town. However, another Parliamentarian force, under Colonel Copley, counterattacked and routed the Royalists. Thus was defeated the last significant Royalist force in the North during the First English Civil War.C. Hibbert, Cavaliers and Roundheads (1993), pp.237–238; V. Wedgwood, The King's War (1983 edition), p.504{{PastScape|mnumber=1121106|mname=Battle of Sherburn in Elmet|access-date=30 January 2014}}

Ernest Popplewell, Baron Popplewell, CBE (10 December 1899 – 11 August 1977). Ernest was conferred the dignity of a Barony of the United Kingdom for life, by the name, style and title of Baron Popplewell, of Sherburn-in-Elmet in the West Riding of the County of York.{{London Gazette |issue=44014 |date=7 June 1966 |page=6598}}

File:Sherburn-in-Elmet station.jpg]]

The village is served by Sherburn-in-Elmet railway station with services to York railway station, Hull Paragon Interchange and Sheffield railway station, with a second station (South Milford railway station) in nearby South Milford providing services to Leeds and Hull. Arriva Yorkshire buses go to Leeds, Tadcaster and Selby.

Local news and television programmes are provided by BBC Yorkshire and ITV Yorkshire. Television signals are received from the Emley Moor TV transmitter.{{cite web|url=https://ukfree.tv/transmitters/tv/Emley_Moor|title=Emley Moor (Kirklees, England) Full Freeview transmitter|date=1 May 2004|website=UK Free TV|accessdate=25 January 2024}} Local radio stations are BBC Radio York on 103.7 FM, Greatest Hits Radio Yorkshire (formerly Minister FM) on 104.7 FM, YO1 Radio on 90.0 FM, Heart Yorkshire on 106.2 FM and Capital Yorkshire on 105.1 FM. {{cite web |url=https://bestradios.co.uk/yorkshire-radio-stations/ |title=Yorkshire Radio Stations|date=12 July 2018 |access-date=25 January 2024}} The town is served by the local newspapers, The York Press and Wetherby News.{{cite web|url=https://www.britishpapers.co.uk/england-yorks/wetherby-news/|title=Wetherby News|date=14 July 2013|website=British Papers|accessdate=25 January 2024}}

Sherburn in Elmet has two primary Schools and one secondary school.{{cite web|title=Schools|url=https://sherburninelmet.co.uk/community/schools/|access-date=18 August 2020|website=Sherburn-in-Elmet}} Its primary schools are Sherburn Hungate Primary School{{cite web|title=Sherburn Hungate Primary School – Home|url=https://www.sherburnhungate.net/|access-date=18 August 2020|website=www.sherburnhungate.net}} and Athelstan Primary School.{{cite web|title=Athelstan Community Primary School – Home|url=http://www.athelstan.n-yorks.sch.uk/|access-date=18 August 2020|website=www.athelstan.n-yorks.sch.uk}} Its secondary school is Sherburn High School, which is located on Garden Lane.{{cite web|title=Sherburn High School|url=https://www.sherburnhigh.co.uk/|access-date=18 August 2020|website=sherburnhigh}}

{{reflist}}

• {{cite book |last1=Bogg |first1=Edmund |title=The old kingdom of Elmet, the land twixt Aire and Wharfe |date=1904 |publisher=John Sampson |location=York|oclc=1049966966}}

{{commons category|Sherburn in Elmet}}

• [http://sherburninelmet-pc.gov.uk/ Parish Council Community Web Site]
• [http://sherburninelmet.co.uk Sherburn-in-Elmet homepage]
• [http://www.allsaintschurchsherburninelmet.org/ All Saints Church]
• [http://ukga.com/airfield/sherburn Sherburn notams, weather, photos & pilots reviews on ukga.com]
• [http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/YKS/WRY/Sherburninelmet/index.html The Ancient Parish of Sherburn in Elmet] at GENUKI
• [https://archive.today/20130131121110/http://secc.play-cricket.com/home/home.asp Sherburn Eversley Cricket Club]
• [http://www.sherburn-aero-club.org.uk/ Sherburn Aero Club] Sherburn Aeroclub, light aircraft hire and PPL training.

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Category:Towns in North Yorkshire

Category:Civil parishes in North Yorkshire

Category:Elmet