Shetab Banking System

{{Infobox Interbank Network

| name = Shetab

| logo = Shetab Banking System.png

| area = Iran

| members = 27 (Iranian Banks)

| card = 341,000,000 (2019)

| atm = 57,000 (2019)

| foundation = {{Start date and age|2002}}

|website={{URL|https://www.cbi.ir/page/15728.aspx}}

}}Shetab ({{Langx|fa|شتاب|lit=Acceleration}}), officially the Interbank Information Transfer Network ({{Langx|fa|شبکه تبادل اطلاعات بین بانکی|links=no}}), is an electronic banking clearance and automated payments system used in Iran. The system was introduced in 2002 with the intention of creating a uniform backbone for the Iranian banking system to handle ATM, EFTPOS and other card-based transactions.

Prior to its introduction, some Iranian banks were issuing cards that only worked on the issuing banks ATMs and POS machines. Since the introduction of Shetab, all banks must adhere to its standards and be able to connect to it. Furthermore, all issued credit or debit cards must be Shetab capable. As of the end of 2017, the Shetab system had 54,300 ATMs connected to it.{{cite news|url=https://www.dailytahlil.com/content?cid=48406 |title=Number of active ATMs in Iran |access-date=2018-05-29}}

History

{{see also|Communications in Iran#Electronic commerce|Industry of Iran#Retail industry|l1=E-commerce in Iran|l2=Retail industry in Iran}}

Shetab was introduced in 2002, and now all card issuing banks in Iran are required to connect to the system.{{cite web |url=http://www.nitc.co.ir/bank/page/2503.aspx |title=Payment Systems in the I.R.Iran |access-date=2006-07-30 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070313023214/http://www.nitc.co.ir/bank/page/2503.aspx |archive-date=2007-03-13 }}

In 2005, the government obliged the Central Bank of Iran and the Iranian banks, mostly state owned, to set up all the necessary infrastructures (regulatory, hardware, software) for fully launching e-money in Iran by March 2005. While this plan has not yet fully materialised, local debit/credit cards are now commonplace and have removed the main obstacle to the growth of e-commerce (in the national scale) as well as the full roll out of e-government initiatives.{{Cite web |url=http://www.austrade.gov.au/ICT-to-Iran/default.aspx |title=Information and communications technology (ICT) to Iran - for Australian exporters - Austrade |access-date=2009-05-09 |archive-date=2008-07-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080727015312/http://www.austrade.gov.au/ICT-to-Iran/default.aspx |url-status=dead }} By 2010 it is expected that 12 million cards would be issued, all of which work with the Shetab system.[http://www.iran-daily.com/1384/2411/html/focus.htm Iran Daily - Economic Focus - 10/27/05] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060427032058/http://www.iran-daily.com/1384/2411/html/focus.htm |date=2006-04-27 }}

The Agricultural Bank (Keshavarzi Bank) was the first Iranian bank to connect to the Shetab system.[http://www.agri-bank.com/Static/English/About/Profile.asp Agri bank - About Us] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061006192729/http://www.agri-bank.com/Static/English/About/Profile.asp |date=2006-10-06 }}

In 2007, before the imposition of new sanctions against Iran, Tetra-Tech IT Company announced that using Visa and Mastercard is now possible for online sales and in Iranian e-card terminals at shopping malls, hotels, restaurants, and travel agencies for Iranians and foreign tourists.{{Cite web|url=http://payvand.com/news/07/feb/1159.html|title=VISA and MasterCard usage possible in Iran|date=2007-02-13|website=payvand.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180314031627/http://payvand.com/news/07/feb/1159.html|archive-date=2018-03-14|access-date=2018-03-14}} Iran's electronic commerce will reach 10,000 billion rials ($US1 billion) by March 2009.[http://www2.irna.ir/en/news/view/menu-234/0812030911192309.htm IRNA: Iran's e-commerce to reach rls10,000b] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090815143518/http://www2.irna.ir/en/news/view/menu-234/0812030911192309.htm |date=2009-08-15 }} Retrieved December 3, 2008

Connectivity

{{see also|Central Bank of Iran#Payment systems|l1=Payment systems in Iran}}

In March 2005 agreements were reached between the Iranian Central Bank and Bahrain's ATM network Benefit as well as the United Arab Emirates's UAES to connect their systems to the Shetab network.
In October 2005, Iran and China linked their banking systems.[http://www.mehrnews.com/en/NewsDetail.aspx?NewsID=236691 Iran’s SHETAB system to be connected to Chinese banks] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110524072033/http://www.mehrnews.com/en/NewsDetail.aspx?NewsID=236691 |date=2011-05-24 }}
In July 2006 the Shetab system was linked with Qatar's ATM network (NAPS).{{cite web |url=http://www.qcb.gov.qa/Naps&Shetab.pdf |title=Archived copy |website=www.qcb.gov.qa |access-date=30 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071006130808/http://www.qcb.gov.qa/Naps&Shetab.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2007 |url-status=dead}}
In May 2008, the automated teller machine (ATM) network of Iran has been linked to those in Bahrain, Qatar and Kuwait, enabling customers to have direct access to their accounts from Iran and the Arab countries.[https://web.archive.org/web/20201126070751/http://www.iran-daily.com/1387/3140/html/economy.htm Iran Daily - Domestic Economy - 05/31/08]
In December 2016, plans are to link to Japan’s JCB and China’s UnionPay over the short term; and to Visa and Mastercard over the long term.{{Cite news|url=https://financialtribune.com/articles/economy-business-and-markets/55692/iranian-bank-cards-int-l-linkup-by-march|title=Iranian Bank Cards' Int'l Linkup by March|date=2016-12-18|work=Financial Tribune|access-date=2018-03-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180314031833/https://financialtribune.com/articles/economy-business-and-markets/55692/iranian-bank-cards-int-l-linkup-by-march|archive-date=2018-03-14|language=en-US}}
In July 2024, the Shetab system was linked with Russia's Mir system.{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.ru/finansy/516334-rossia-i-iran-zaversili-integraciu-plateznyh-sistem-mir-i-shetab|title=Россия и Иран завершили интеграцию платежных систем «Мир» и Shetab|date=2024-07-06|work=Forbes Russia|access-date=2024-07-07|language=ru}}

Members

As of 2020, nearly all Iranian banks and some international banks in Qatar, Kuwait and Bahrain are members of the Shetab System, as follows:{{cite web |url=http://www.agri-bank.com/Static/English/mehrcard.asp |title=Agri bank - MehrCard |access-date=2010-03-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100105223740/http://www.agri-bank.com/Static/english/mehrcard.asp |archive-date=2010-01-05 }}

Impact

As of 2006, Iran was still very much a cash based society. It is expected that a unified clearance system, such as Shetab, will provide significantly greater efficiency, reduce crime, reduce money printing costs, and improve tax collection among other benefits. It is also expected to improve the quality of life of citizens whom, once the system is fully operational, would no longer be required to spend significant amounts of time organizing things in person and would consequently be able to conduct activities immediately over the phone or over the internet. The impact of the system is already being felt as corporations establish e-commerce, supply chains, online banking and retailing systems.{{Cite web|url=http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5533960/IRAN-FIRST-E-BANK-OPENS.html|title=Find Local Contractors {{!}} Home Remodeling Contractors on Ecnext|website=goliath.ecnext.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-03-14}}[http://www.iran-daily.com/1383/2072/html/panorama.htm Iran Daily] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060517161121/http://www.iran-daily.com/1383/2072/html/panorama.htm |date=2006-05-17 }}

References

External links

[https://web.archive.org/web/20100501001718/http://en.tpo.ir/documents/document/11971/12478/Annual-Reviews.aspx Annual Reviews] - Reports by the Central Bank of Iran, including Shetab and electronic banking statistics.
[https://web.archive.org/web/20071018004718/http://iran-daily.com/1385/2770/html/focus.htm Iran-Daily: Banking Reforms] (Press article)

Category:Banking in Iran

Category:Communications in Iran

Category:Financial services companies of Iran

Category:Interbank networks