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Sholaga language

{{Short description|Kannadoid language of India}}

{{citation style|date=May 2016}}

{{Infobox language

|name=Sholaga

|altname=Soliga

|states=India

|region=Karnataka, Tamil Nadu

|ethnicity=Soliga

|speakers=24,000

|date=2006

|ref=e25

|familycolor=Dravidian

|fam2=Southern

|fam3=Southern I

|fam4=Tamil–Kannada

|fam5=Badaga–Kannada

|fam6=Kannadoid

|iso3=sle

|glotto=shol1240

|glottorefname=Sholaga

}}

The Sholaga (Soliga) language is a Dravidian language related to Kannada and Tamil, spoken by the Soliga people.

Other names

Sholaga language, is also known as Kadu Sholigar, Sholiga, Sholigar, Solaga, Solega, Soliga, Soligar, Solanayakkans, Sholanayika.

Phonology

The tables present the vowel and the consonant phonemes of Sholaga.{{sfnp|Zvelebil|1990|p=157}}

= Vowels =

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

! rowspan="2" |

! colspan="2" |Front

! colspan="4" |Central

! colspan="2" |Back

short

!long

!short

!long

!short

!long

!short

!long

align="center"

!High

|{{IPAlink|i}}

|{{IPAlink|iː}}

|{{IPAlink|ɨ}}

|{{IPAlink|ɨː}}

|{{IPAlink|ʉ}}

|{{IPAlink|ʉː}}

|{{IPAlink|u}}

|{{IPAlink|uː}}

align="center"

!Mid

|{{IPAlink|e}}

|{{IPAlink|eː}}

|{{IPAlink|ə}}

|{{IPAlink|əː}}

|{{IPAlink|ɵ}}

|{{IPAlink|ɵː}}

|{{IPAlink|o}}

|{{IPAlink|oː}}

align="center"

!Low

|

|

|{{IPAlink|a}}

|{{IPAlink|aː}}

|

|

|

|

Zvelebil had listed centralized <ä, ǟ> in the phonology. The real quality distinguishing <ä, ǟ> and isn't clear.

  • There are phonemic nasal vowels.

= Consonants =

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

|+Consonants{{cite book|last=Krishnamurti|first=Bhadriraju|title=The Dravidian languages|year=2003|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|isbn=978-0-511-06037-3|pages=56|edition=null}}

colspan=2|

!Labial

!Dental/
Alveolar

!Retroflex

!Palatal/
Pst.alv

!Velar

!Glottal

colspan=2| Nasal

| {{IPAlink|m}}

| {{IPAlink|n̪}}

| {{IPAlink|ɳ}}

|

| {{IPAlink|ŋ}}

|

rowspan=2| Plosive/
Affricate

! {{small|voiceless}}

| {{IPAlink|p}}

| {{IPAlink|t̪}}

| {{IPAlink|ʈ}}

| {{IPAlink|t͡ʃ}}

| {{IPAlink|k}}

|

{{small|voiced}}

| {{IPAlink|b}}

| {{IPAlink|d̪}}

| {{IPAlink|ɖ}}

| {{IPAlink|d͡ʒ}}

| {{IPAlink|ɡ}}

|

colspan=2| Fricative

|

| {{IPAlink|s}}

|

|

|

| {{IPAlink|h}}

colspan="2" |Approximant

| {{IPAlink|ʋ}}

| {{IPAlink|l}}

| {{IPAlink|ɭ}}

| {{IPAlink|j}}

|

|

colspan=2| Rhotic

|

| {{IPAlink|ɾ}}⠀{{IPAlink|r}}

| {{IPAlink|ɽ}}

|

|

|

  • /s/ in free variation with [ʃ].

Classification

Sholaga is classified as a Dravidian language, more specifically South Dravidian. Dravidian languages are split into five main categories by the name of Southern, South Central, Central, North and Unclassified. Sholaga falls into the Southern category which is then split into the three categories: Tamil-Kannada, Macro-Tulu, and unclassified. Sholaga falls into the Tamil-Kannada category.

Words

class="wikitable"

!English

!Sholaga

tiger

|dodinayi

elephant

|coquedana

elephant with huge tusks

|coquedonga

female elephant with growing tusks

|coreyani

deer

|Maan

Sambar deer

|kadave

Chital

|saraga

Moss Deer

|koore

muntjac

|tadu-koori

Area with boulders and rarely any rain

|udugaru

An evergreen forest

|Patchai kadu

References

{{Reflist}}

Sources

{{refbegin}}

  • {{Citation

|last= Zvelebil

|first= Kamil V.

|authorlink=Kamil Zvelebil

|title= The Language of the Shōlegas, Nilgiri Area, South India

|publisher= Journal of the American Oriental Society

|year= 1990

|url = https://www.jstor.org/stable/603185?seq=9

}}

{{refend}}

External links

  • [http://www.language-archives.org/language/sle OLAC resources]
  • [http://hdl.handle.net/10125/5202 Si, A. (2011). ScholarSpace at University of Hawaii at Manoa: Documenting traditional biological and ecological knowledge: An Indian example]

{{Dravidian languages}}

Category:Tamil languages

{{Dr-lang-stub}}