Silene diclinis

{{Short description|Species of flowering plant}}

{{Speciesbox

|image = Silene diclinis.jpg

|status = EN

|status_system = IUCN3.1

|status_ref = {{cite iucn |author=Montesinos, D. |author2=Güemes, J. |date=2006 |title=Silene diclinis |volume=2006 |page=e.T61640A12531397 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2006.RLTS.T61640A12531397.en |access-date=17 November 2021}}

|genus = Silene

|species = diclinis

|authority = (Lag.) M.Laínz

}}

Silene diclinis is a species of plant in the family Caryophyllaceae. It is endemic to Spain. Its natural habitat is pastureland. It is threatened by habitat loss.

It is dioecious, with separate male and female plants. It forms a clade with several other species that are dioecious.{{cite journal|doi=10.1093/molbev/msaa229|title=Dioecy is Associated with High Genetic Diversity and Adaptation Rates in the Plant Genus Silene|year=2021|last1=Muyle|first1=Aline|last2=Martin|first2=Hélène|last3=Zemp|first3=Niklaus|last4=Mollion|first4=Maéva|last5=Gallina|first5=Sophie|last6=Tavares|first6=Raquel|last7=Silva|first7=Alexandre|last8=Bataillon|first8=Thomas|last9=Widmer|first9=Alex|last10=Glémin|first10=Sylvain|last11=Touzet|first11=Pascal|last12=Marais|first12=Gabriel A B.|journal=Molecular Biology and Evolution|volume=38|issue=3|pages=805–818|pmid=32926156|pmc=7947750}}