Silver hypochlorite
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| IUPACName = Silver(I) hypochlorite
| OtherNames = Argentous hypochlorite
Silver hypochlorite
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 475461-52-0
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| PubChem = 161181821
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| StdInChI=1S/Ag.ClO/c;1-2/q+1;-1
| StdInChIKey = USOFCTBGGPGUEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| SMILES = [O-]Cl.[Ag+]
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|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = AgOCl
| Ag=1 | Cl=1 | O=1
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| Solubility = very soluble}}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
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|Section9={{Chembox Related
| OtherCations = {{ubl|Sodium hypochlorite|Potassium hypochlorite|Calcium hypochlorite|Barium hypochlorite|Copper hypochlorite}}
| OtherAnions = {{ubl|Silver chloride|Silver chlorite|Silver chlorate|Silver perchlorate}}
| OtherCompounds = {{ubl|Hypochlorous acid|Silver hypobromite|Silver hypoiodite|Methyl hypochlorite}}
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Silver hypochlorite is a chemical compound with the chemical formula {{chem2|AgOCl|auto=1}} (also written as AgClO). It is an ionic compound of silver and the polyatomic ion hypochlorite.{{cite book |last1=Comey |first1=Arthur Messinger |title=A Dictionary of Chemical Solubilities; Inorganic |date=1896 |publisher=Macmillan and Company |page=180 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S5QMAQAAIAAJ&dq=Silver+hypochlorite&pg=PA180 |access-date=10 March 2023 |language=en}}{{cite web |title=silver hypochlorite |url=https://www.chemsrc.com/en/cas/475461-52-0_1274065.html |publisher=chemsrc.com |access-date=10 March 2023 |language=en}} The compound is very unstable and rapidly decomposes.{{cite book |last1=Massey |first1=A. G. |last2=Thompson |first2=N. R. |last3=Johnson |first3=B. F. G. |title=The Chemistry of Copper, Silver and Gold: Pergamon International Library of Science, Technology, Engineering and Social Studies |date=6 June 2016 |publisher=Elsevier |isbn=978-1-4831-8169-1 |page=108 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GuxPDAAAQBAJ&dq=Silver+hypochlorite&pg=PA108 |access-date=10 March 2023 |language=en}} It is the silver(I) salt of hypochlorous acid. The salt consists of silver(I) cations ({{chem2|Ag+}}) and hypochlorite anions ({{chem2|−OCl}}).
Synthesis
- Bubbling chlorine through an aqueous suspension of silver oxide.{{cite journal |last1=Stas |first1=J. A.|author-link=Jean Stas |title=On the Action of Chlorine on Carbonate of Silver |journal=The Chemical News and Journal of Physical Science: A Journal of Practical Chemistry in All Its Applications to Pharmacy, Arts, and Manufacturers. American Reprint |date=1867 |page=173 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ePHNAAAAMAAJ&dq=Silver+hypochlorite&pg=PA173 |access-date=10 March 2023 |language=en}}
::{{chem2|2 Cl2 + Ag2O + H2O → 2 AgCl + 2 HOCl}}
::{{chem2|2 HOCl + Ag2O → H2O + 2 AgOCl}}
- Reaction of hypochlorous acid with silver nitrate produces silver hypochlorite and nitric acid.{{cite web |title=Silver Hypochlorite: Formula, Solubility & Molar Mass |url=https://study.com/academy/lesson/silver-hypochlorite-formula-solubility-molar-mass.html |publisher=study.com |access-date=10 March 2023}}
::{{chem2|HOCl + AgNO3 → AgOCl + HNO3}}
Chemical properties
Silver hypochlorite is very unstable, and its solution will soon disproportionate into silver chlorate and silver chloride:
:{{chem2|3 AgOCl → AgClO3 + 2 AgCl}}
If the AgOCl solution is heated to 60 °C, it will rapidly disproportionate. Adding silver oxide stabilizes the solution.{{dubious|as 1867 ref contradicts this|date=March 2023}}