Simsapa tree
{{Short description|Tree in Buddhist discourse}}
File:Dalbergia sissoo Bra24.png]]
File:Amherstia Nobilis, Yangon, Myanmar.jpg]]
The Simsapa tree (Pali: {{IAST|siṃsapā}}) is mentioned in ancient Buddhist discourses traditionally believed to have been delivered 2,500 years ago. The tree has been identified as either Dalbergia sissoo,For example, Rhys Davids & Stede (1921-25), p. 708, entry for "Siŋsapā" (retrieved 17 Nov 2008 from "U. Chicago" at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.4:1:104.pali) associates the simsapa tree with "Dalbergia sisu." a rosewood tree common to India and Southeast Asia, or Amherstia nobilis, another South Asian tree, of the family Caesalpiniaceae.{{cn|date=October 2023}}
Buddhist scriptural references
In Buddhism's Pali Canon,The Pali Canon is the main scriptural source for Theravada Buddhism. It is at least nominally incorporated in the canons of other branches of Buddhism as well. there is a discourse entitled, "The Simsapa Grove" (Samyutta Nikaya 56.31). This discourse is described as having been delivered by the Buddha to monks while dwelling beneath a simsapa grove in the city of Kosambi. In this discourse, the Buddha compares a few simsapa leaves in his hand with the number of simsapa leaves overhead in the grove to illustrate what he teaches (in particular, the Four Noble Truths) and what he does not teach (things unrelated to the holy life).Bodhi (2000), pp. 1857-58; [http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/sn/sn56/sn56.031.than.html Thanissaro (1997)]; and, [http://www.accesstoinsight.org/lib/authors/walshe/wheel318.html#passage-68 Walshe (1985), sutta 68.] Note that in an endnote to this sutta [http://www.accesstoinsight.org/lib/authors/walshe/wheel318.html#n-313 (n. 313)], Walshe states that this tree is "also known as the Asoka tree."
Elsewhere in the Pali Canon, simsapa groves are mentioned in the "Payasi Sutta" (Digha Nikaya 23)Walshe (1987), p. 351. This discourse is said to have been given in Kosala. and the "Hatthaka Discourse" (Anguttara Nikaya 3.34).[http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/an/an03/an03.034.than.html Thanissaro (1999).] This discourse is said to have been given near Alavi.For both canonical and post-canonical references, see Rhys Davids & Stede (1921-25), p. 708, entry for "Siŋsapā" (retrieved 17 Nov 2008 from "U. Chicago" at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.4:1:104.pali).
See also
Notes
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Sources
- Bodhi, Bhikkhu (trans., ed.) (2000). The Connected Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Samyutta Nikaya. Boston: Wisdom Publications. {{ISBN|0-86171-331-1}}.
- Rhys Davids, T.W. & William Stede (eds.) (1921-5). The Pali Text Society’s Pali–English Dictionary. Chipstead: Pali Text Society. A general online search engine for the PED is available at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/dictionaries/pali/.
- Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (1997). Simsapa Sutta: The Simsapa Leaves (SN 56.31). Retrieved 16 Nov 2008 from "Access to Insight" at http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/sn/sn56/sn56.031.than.html.
- Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (1999). Hatthaka Sutta: To Hatthaka (on Sleeping Well in the Cold Forest) (excerpt) (AN 3.34). Retrieved 16 Nov 2008 from "Access to Insight" at http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/an/an03/an03.034.than.html.
- Walshe, Maurice O'C. (trans.) (1985). Samyutta Nikaya: An Anthology (Part III) (Wheel Nos. 318-321). Kandy: Buddhist Publication Society. Retrieved 16 Nov 2008 from "Access to Insight" (2007) at http://www.accesstoinsight.org/lib/authors/walshe/wheel318.html.
- Walshe, Maurice (1987/1995). The Long Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Digha Nikaya. Boston: Wisdom Publications. {{ISBN|0-86171-103-3}}.