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Sinaugoro language

{{short description|Austronesian language spoken in Papua New Guinea}}

{{Infobox language

|name=Sinaugoro

|states=Papua New Guinea

|region=Central Province

|speakers=18,000

|date=2000 census

|ref=e18

|familycolor=Austronesian

|fam2=Malayo-Polynesian

|fam3=Oceanic

|fam4=Western Oceanic

|fam5=Papuan Tip

|fam6=Central

|fam7=Sinagoro–Keapara

|iso3=snc

|glotto=sina1266

|glottorefname=Sinaugoro

}}

Sinaugoro is an Austronesian language of Papua New Guinea. It is mainly spoken in the Rigo District of Central Province by some 15,000 people.{{harvp|Tauberschmidt|1999|page=1}} The language is closely related to Motu.

Phonology

= Consonants =

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |

! rowspan="2" |Labial

! rowspan="2" |Alveolar

! rowspan="2" |Palatal

! colspan="2" |Velar

plain

!lab.

rowspan="2" |Plosive

!voiceless

|

|t

|

|k

|kʷ

voiced

|b

|d

|

|ɡ

|ɡʷ

rowspan="2" |Fricative

!voiceless

|f

|s

|

|

|

voiced

|v

|

|(ʝ)

|ɣ

|ɣʷ

colspan="2" |Nasal

|m

|n

|

|

|

colspan="2" |Rhotic

|

|r

|

|

|

colspan="2" |Approximant

|

|l

|(j)

|

|

  • /i/ is heard as a glide [j] when in word-initial position before a vowel, or within a syllable or syllable-initial onset.
  • /ɣ/ is heard as palatal [ʝ] when before front vowels.{{Sfn|Tauberschmidt|1999|pp=6-9}}

= Vowels =

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

!

!Front

!Central

!Back

High

|i

|

|u

Mid

|e

|

|o

Low

|

|a

|

  • Sounds /e, o/ are heard as [ɛ, ɔ] when in stressed syllables, or when the nucleus of the following syllable is /a/ or /o/.{{Sfn|Tauberschmidt|1999|pp=6-9}}

Writing system

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"

|+ Sinaugoro alphabet{{sfn|SIL|1992}}

| a

bdef

| g

ḡḡwik

| kw

lmno

| r

stuv

Grammar

Sinaugoro is an agglutinative language with ergative alignment and subject–object–verb (SOV) word order.{{harvp|Tauberschmidt|1999|page=2}}

Number is marked explicitly on the verb and freely within the noun phrase, but is not marked on the noun itself.

A morphological distinction is made in Sinaugoro between the possession of alienable and inalienable nouns, and then between the alienable possession of edible and inedible objects.{{harvp|Tauberschmidt|1999|page=14}}

Verbal indexing of person and number in Sinaugoro makes freestanding personal pronouns optional. These are given below, displaying a distinction between inclusive and exclusive.

class="wikitable"

|+ Personal pronouns in Sinaugoro{{harvp|Tauberschmidt|1999|page=16-17}}

colspan="2" |

! singular

! plural

rowspan="2" | 1st person

! exclusive

| rowspan="2" | {{lang|snc|au}}

| {{lang|snc|gai}}

inclusive

| {{lang|snc|gita}}

colspan="2" | 2nd person

| {{lang|snc|goi}}

| {{lang|snc|gomi}}

colspan="2" | 3rd person

| {{lang|snc|gia}}

| {{lang|snc|gia}}

Notes

{{Reflist}}

References

  • {{Cite book |url=http://sealang.net/archives/pl/pdf/PL-C143.pdf |title=A Grammar of Sinaugoro: an Austronesian language of the Central Province of Papua New Guinea |last=Tauberschmidt |first=Gerhard |publisher=Pacific Linguistics |year=1999 |isbn=0-85883-490-1 |series=Pacific Linguistics Series C, Volume 143 |location=Canberra |doi=10.15144/PL-C143 |hdl=1885/146187 |hdl-access=free}}

External links

  • [http://www-01.sil.org/pacific/png/pubs/52254/Sinaugoro_Phonology.pdf Sinaugoro phonology]
  • [http://www-01.sil.org/pacific/png/pubs/928474531053/Sinaugoro_mdf.pdf Sinaugoro dictionary]
  • Paradisec has [http://catalog.paradisec.org.au/collections/search?language_code=snc multiple links to Sinaugoro language materials].

{{Papuan Tip languages}}

{{Languages of Papua New Guinea}}

Category:Central Papuan Tip languages

Category:Languages of Central Province (Papua New Guinea)

{{PapuanTip-lang-stub}}