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Sinningia

{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| image = Sinningia speciosa-IMG 0661.JPG

| image_caption = A variety of Sinningia speciosa

| taxon = Sinningia

| authority = Nees (1825), nom. cons. prop.

| subdivision_ranks =

| subdivision = 81; see text

| subdivision_ref = [https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:17217-1 Sinningia Nees]. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 7 August 2024.

| synonyms =

  • Alagophylla {{small|Raf. (1837)}}
  • Almana {{small|Raf. (1838)}}
  • Biglandularia {{small|Seem. (1868)}}
  • Coptocheile {{small|Hoffmanns. (1842)}}
  • Corytholoma {{small|(Benth.) Decne. (1848)}}
  • Dircaea {{small|Decne. (1848)}}
  • Dolichodeira {{small|Hanst. (1855)}}
  • Fimbrolina {{small|Raf. (1838)}}
  • Lietzia {{small|Regel (1880)}}
  • Ligeria {{small|Decne. (1848)}}
  • Megapleilis {{small|Raf. (1837)}}
  • Orthanthe {{small|Lem. (1856)}}
  • Rechsteineria {{small|Regel (1848), nom. cons.}}
  • Rosanowia {{small|Regel (1872)}}
  • Stenogastra {{small|Hanst. (1854)}}
  • Styrosinia {{small|Raf. (1837)}}
  • Tapeinotes {{small|DC. (1839), nom. superfl.}}
  • Tapina {{small|Mart. (1829)}}
  • Tulisma {{small|Raf. (1837)}}
  • Wildungenia {{small|Wender. (1831)}}

| synonyms_ref =

}}

Sinningia {{IPAc-en|s|ᵻ|ˈ|n|ɪ|n|dʒ|i|ə}}[https://archive.org/details/sunsetwesterngar00suns Sunset Western Garden Book] 1995: p606–607 is a genus of flowering plants in the family Gesneriaceae. It is named after Wilhelm Sinning (1792–1874), a gardener of the Botanische Gärten der Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.Genaust, Helmut (1976). Etymologisches Wörterbuch der botanischen Pflanzennamen {{ISBN|3-7643-0755-2}} There are about 65 species of tuberous herbaceous perennials, all occurring in Central and South America, with the greatest concentration of species occurring in southern Brazil.

The best-known species, Sinningia speciosa, was originally introduced in cultivation as Gloxinia speciosa and is still commonly known to gardeners and in the horticultural trade as "gloxinia", although this is now considered incorrect. The true genus Gloxinia is distinguished by having scaly rhizomes rather than tubers.

Sinningia species often grow on rocks or cliffs and most are pollinated by hummingbirds or bees but Sinningia brasiliensis is bat-pollinated, and Sinningia tubiflora, with large, powerfully fragrant tubular white flowers, is apparently pollinated by sphinx moths.{{citation| author=The Gesneriad Society |url=https://gesneriads.info/genera/sinningia-tubiflora-2/ |access-date=21 October 2024 |title=The Gesneriad Reference Web: Sinningia tubiflora}} Most of the species have large, brightly colored flowers. Because of this, numerous species and numerous hybrids and cultivars are grown as houseplants. A cultivar worth knowing{{weasel-inline|date=October 2024}} is Sinningia x 'Lovely.' This beautifully gentle plant is a cross between Sinningia sellovii and Sinningia tubiflora. Its tall spikes and tubular flowers attract butterflies, and delight{{original research?|date=October 2024}} gardeners{{who?|date=October 2024}}. Some species with particularly large tubers are cultivated by cactus and succulent enthusiasts as caudiciforms. One such example is Sinningia leucotricha, often listed under the older name Rechsteineria leucotricha and dubbed "Brazilian edelweiss" for its covering of silvery, silky hairs. Other species with large tubers are Sinningia iarae, Sinningia lineata, and Sinningia macropoda.

The Brazilian genera Paliavana and Vanhouttea, consisting of shrubby plants without tubers, are closely related to Sinningia and recent morphological and molecular analyses (Boggan 1991, Perret et al. 2003) suggest that these genera are, in fact, nontuberous Sinningia species. All three genera were included in tribe Gloxinieae in the classification system of Hans Wiehler but are now recognized in their own tribe, Sinningieae.

Numerous genera, including Corytholoma, Rechsteineria and Lietzia, have been synonymized under Sinningia.

Garden uses and cultivation

File:Sinningia incarnata.jpg|Sinningia incarnata

File:迷你岩桐 Sinningia Quasar -香港花展 Hong Kong Flower Show- (17015358186).jpg|A miniature Sinningia hybrid

File:Sinningia leucotricha 39298.JPG|Sinningia leucotricha cultivated to highlight the large tuber

Sinningias are attractive greenhouse plants and houseplants that appeal strongly to gardeners who like to specialize in particular plant groups. The chief environmental needs are warmth, high humidity, suitable soil and good light with shade from strong sun. The soil should be well drained. It should contain a liberal proportion of organic matter, such as leaf mold or peat moss, and enough coarse sand or perlite to ensure good porosity.

The hybrid cultivars 'Empress Purple Spotted'{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Sinningia 'Empress Purple Spotted'|url=https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/137397/Sinningia-Empress-Purple-Spotted/Details | access-date = 5 March 2021}} and 'Empress Red'{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Sinningia 'Empress Red' | url=https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/137398/Sinningia-Empress-Red/Details | access-date = 5 March 2021}} have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/agm-lists/agm-ornamentals.pdf | title = AGM Plants - Ornamental | date = July 2017 | page = 97 | publisher = Royal Horticultural Society | accessdate = 11 November 2018}}

Species

81 species are accepted.

References

{{Reflist}}

  • Boggan, J.K. 1991. 1991. A morphological study and cladistic analysis of Sinningia and associated genera with particular reference to Lembocarpus, Lietzia, Paliavana, and Vanhouttea (Gesneriaceae: Gloxinieae). Thesis, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, U.S.A. ix + 179 pages, 21 figures. [Copies available at Cornell University and Smithsonian Institution libraries.]
  • Perret, M., A. Chautems, R. Spichiger, G. Kite, & V. Savolainen. 2003. [https://bsapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.3732/ajb.90.3.445 Systematics and evolution of tribe Sinningieae (Gesneriaceae): evidence from phylogenetic analyses of six plastid DNA regions and nuclear ncpGS]. American Journal of Botany 90(3): 445-460. {{free access}}
  • Wiehler, H. 1983. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/41759498 A synopsis of the neotropical Gesneriaceae]. Selbyana 6: 1-219.
  • Wiehler, H. and A. Chautems. 1995. A reduction of Lietzia to Sinningia. Gesneriana 1(1): 5-7.

External links

{{commons category}}

  • [http://www.genera-gesneriaceae.at/ The Genera of Gesneriaceae]
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20051118184240/http://gesneriads.ca/gensinn.htm Sinningia] from the [https://gesneriads.info/ Gesneriad Reference Web]
  • [http://www.burwur.net/sinns/sinns.htm Sinningia & Friends]
  • [http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/listaBrasil/ConsultaPublicaUC/BemVindoConsultaPublicaConsultar.do;jsessionid=D9F3F0C779DCA08C490685CC95E00FEB?ilhaOceanica=32767&formaVida=null&estado=QUALQUER&lingua=&domFitogeograficos=QUALQUER&grupo=5&origem=TODOS&idsFilhosFungos=%5B1%2C10%2C11%5D®iao=QUALQUER&loginUsuario=Visitante&mostrarAte=SUBESP_VAR&bacia=QUALQUER&contexto=consulta-publica&especie=&substrato=null&genero=&ocorreBrasil=QUALQUER&senhaUsuario=&nomeCompleto=&idsFilhosAlgas=%5B2%5D&d-16544-p=2&d-16544-t=nomes&invalidatePageControlCounter=1&autor=&nomeVernaculo=&opcoesBusca=TODOS_OS_NOMES&endemismo=TODOS&ocorrencia=OCORRE&vegetacao=TODOS&familia=119 Gesneriaceae in: Brazilian Flora Checklist]

{{Taxonbar|from=Q159407}}

Category:Gesneriaceae genera

Category:Flora of the Neotropical realm

Category:Taxa described in 1825

Category:Taxa named by Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck