Sinpar

The Sinpar was originally a French automobile manufactured from 1907 until 1914. The company built de Dion-Bouton-engined voiturettes in Courbevoie; cars used either 4½ CV or 8 CV power units. An 8 CV four produced from 1912 until 1914 was identical with the 8 CV Demeester.{{cite book| first1= David Burgess |last1= Wise |first2= Lance |last2= Cole |title= The New Illustrated Encyclopedia of Automobiles |page= 480 |date= 2000 |edition= 2004 |publisher= Quantum Books Ltd. |location= London |isbn= 978-0862882587}}

The name "Sinpar" was derived from the Latin {{lang|la|sine par}}, meaning "without equal".{{cite web|title= Sinpar: l'as de la transformation |trans-title= Sinpar: the ace of transformation|url= https://www.fondationberliet.org/ressources-documentaires/archive-article-dossier-camion-berliet/sinpar-castor-renault-transformation/|url-status=live|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20221214184931/https://www.fondationberliet.org/ressources-documentaires/archive-article-dossier-camion-berliet/sinpar-castor-renault-transformation/ |archive-date= 2022-12-14 |language= fr |work= Fondation de l'Automobile Marius Berliet}}

Between the wars, the Sinpar shops engaged in extending and reinforcing truck chassis, mostly Fords and Citroëns. They also sold other kits and parts such as upgraded axles, reduction, and overdrive gear kits.

After operations ceased during World War II, Léon Demeester, who had established the business back in 1907, resurrected it once again in 1946 along with his son Pierre. Sinpar then engaged in winch manufacture and heavy-duty transmission sub-assemblies for four- and six-wheel drive trucks. In the fifties, Sinpar expanded into manufacturing oil field trucks. In the 1960s, Sinpar also sold around 150 four-wheel drive trucks under its own brand. Called the Sinpar Castor, they used the cabin and many other parts from the Renault Estafette. These specialist items were provided to a range of industrial companies in France until 1975 when Saviem took over the company's activities.{{cn|date=December 2022}}

Another source refers to Sinpar Appareils S.A. in Colombes, using the Sinpar make for cars from 1964 to approx 1974.{{cite book |first= Marián |last= Šuman-Hreblay |title= Automobile Manufacturers Worldwide Registry |publisher= McFarland & Company |location= London |date= 2000 |isbn= 0-7864-0972-X |page= 263}} In the {{lang|de|Eidgenössische Typenpruefungskommission}} from Switzerland it was listed as {{lang|de|Appareils Sinpar}} from Colombes in 1973.{{citation |url=https://files.admin.ch/astra_ffr/mofis/Datenlieferungs-Kunden/opendata/2000-Typengenehmigungen_TG_TARGA/2400-pdf-Scans_TG_bis_1985/2420-deutsch/067633.pdf| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221217085923/https://files.admin.ch/astra_ffr/mofis/Datenlieferungs-Kunden/opendata/2000-Typengenehmigungen_TG_TARGA/2400-pdf-Scans_TG_bis_1985/2420-deutsch/067633.pdf | archive-date = 2022-12-17 | title=Renault 6 TL - R1181 Sinpar 4x4 | work = Eidgenössische Typenprüfungskommission für Motorfahrzeuge|language=de | location = Bern, Switzerland | date = 1973-01-23}}

In autumn 1962, Sinpar launched an all-terrain derivative of the Renault 4. Initially fitted with a three-speed transmission (with the Renault 3's shorter gearing), it was only available with the larger, 845 cc 800-01 engine. An extra short first gear was also offered, for even better climbing abilities. The cost of the conversion was nearly two thirds the price of a new Renault 4, limiting sales mainly to institutional users.

During the later 1960s, the business increasingly focused on four-wheel drive conversions for various Renault models, notably the Renault Goélette (the vans mostly being destined for service with the French army) along with the Renault 4, Renault Rodéo, Renault 6 and the Renault 12. Although most of the cars were sold in France, useful volumes were also achieved in the more mountainous regions of Switzerland where there was significant customer demand for reasonably priced four-wheel drive cars which auto-makers were disinclined to address until the European arrival of the Subaru.{{cn|date=December 2022}} A Sinpar-prepared Renault 4 finished third in the 1980 Paris–Dakar Rally, after having finished fifth the year before. A Sinpar Renault 12 break with a Gordini-prepped engine finished third in the Rallye Côte-Côte (from the Côte d'Ivoire to the Côte d'Azur). Two Renault 12 Sinpar 1800 took part in next year's Rallye Côte-Côte as well, finishing first and eleventh. Sinpar also manufactured the beach car version of the Renault 4, the "Plein Air."

In the 1960s and 1970s, Sinpar also showed some of their own chassis. In 1962, they showed an all-wheel-drive chassis with fully independent, torsion bar suspension, fitted with the Ford 6D engine from the Thames Trader.{{Cite magazine |title=International Flavour at Paris Salon | date = 12 October 1962 | magazine = Commercial Motor | url=https://archive.commercialmotor.com/article/12th-october-1962/58/international-fli-r-at-paris-salon | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240727001427/https://archive.commercialmotor.com/article/12th-october-1962/58/international-fli-r-at-paris-salon | archive-date = 2024-07-27 | page = 58 | first = John P. | last = Moon | number = 2982 | volume = 116 }} In 1968 Sinpar designed the Torpedo S, a jeep-style car with body by Brissonneau and Lotz which did not enter production.{{cite book|author=George Nick Georgano|title=The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile|volume= 3: P–Z|publisher= Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers|year= 2001|ISBN=1-57958-293-1|pages=1464}} In the early 1970s, Sinpar expanded by taking over Carrosserie Rotrou's plant in Verneuil-sur-Avre.{{citation | title = Hotchkiss, petit dictionnaire du "juste milieu" | date = October 15, 1994 | first = Daniel | last = Tard | publisher = Editions Charles Massin | location = Paris | isbn = 978-2707202499 | ref = DT94 | page = 61 }}

Together with the company's German agent, Rau GmbH of Stuttgart, Sinpar also helped develop a four-wheel-drive version of the Ford Transit in 1982.{{cite book |ref= INK82 |title= Internationaler Nutzfahrzeug-Katalog (Inufa) 1982 |trans-title= International Commercial Vehicle Catalog |language= German |volume= 24 |location= Solothurn, Switzerland |publisher= Vogt-Schild AG |date= 1982 |pages= 262–265 |editor-first= Hans U. |editor-last= Rohrbach}} Reflecting the companies involved, it was called the SIRA-Ford Transit.

Subsequent to the 1976 death of Pierre Demeester, the company's future was uncertain. In 1980, Renault V.I. took over the company which continued to produce the modified all-terrain Renault-based vehicles at Chassieu. The new, Renault-owned business was still called "Sinpar", but now "Sinpar" was turned into a backronym which stood for {{lang|fr|"Société Industrielle de Production et d'Adaptations Rhodanienne"}} instead.

In 1998, the company was fully subsumed into Renault V.I. and the Sinpar name was retired.{{cite web |url= https://www.r4-4l.com/tous-les-modeles-de-4l/la-societe-sinpar/ |title= La société Sinpar |language= fr |work= L'Univers de la 4L|access-date=2024-01-23}}

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Category:Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of France