Sir John Fagg, 1st Baronet

{{Infobox officeholder

| honorific-suffix = Bt

| name = Sir John Fagg

| image =

| alt =

| caption =

| constituency_MP = Rye

| parliament = England

| term_start = 1644

| term_end = 1645

| alongside = William Hay

| predecessor = William Hay

| successor = Not represented in Barebone's Parliament

| constituency_MP2 = Sussex

| parliament2 = England

| alongside2 = {{unbulleted list| Herbert Morley | Thomas Pelham | Anthony Stapley | John Stapley | William Hay | John Pelham | Francis Lord Dacres | Herbert Springet}}

| term_start2 = 1654

| term_end2 = 1659

| predecessor2 = {{unbulleted list| Anthony Stapley | William Spence | Nathaniel Studeley}}

| successor2 = Not represented in the restored Rump Parliament

| constituency_MP3 = Steyning

| parliament3 = England

| alongside3 = {{unbulleted list| Henry Goring, Bt 1660, 1661–1679 | John Eversfield 1660–1661 | John Tufton 1679–1681 | Philip Gell 1681 | James Morton 1681–1685, 1685–1690 | Henry Goring 1685 | Robert Fagg 1690–1695 | Edward Hungerford 1695–1701}}

| term_start3 = 1660

| term_end3 = 1701

| predecessor3 = Not represented in the restored Rump Parliament

| successor3 = {{unbulleted list| Edward Hungerford | Robert Fagg}}

| constituency_MP4 = Sussex

| parliament4 = England

| alongside4 = William Thomas

| term_start4 = 1681

| term_end4 = 1681

| predecessor4 = {{unbulleted list| John Pelham | Nicholas Pelham}}

| successor4 = {{unbulleted list| Henry Goring, Bt | Thomas Dyke}}

| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1627|10|4}}

| birth_place =

| death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1701|1|18|1627|10|4}}

| death_place =

| children = Sir Robert Fagg, 2nd Baronet

}}

Sir John Fagg, 1st Baronet (4 October 1627 – 18 January 1701) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons of England at various times between 1645 and 1701. During the Civil War, he fought on the Parliamentarian side as a colonel in the New Model Army.

Life

Fagg was the son of John Fagg of Rye, in Sussex, and his wife Elizabeth Hudson (or Hodgson).[http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/hubert-henry-davies/debretts-baronetage-knightage-and-companionage-volume-1-ed5-dno/page-27-debretts-baronetage-knightage-and-companionage-volume-1-ed5-dno.shtml Hubert Henry Davies. Debrett's baronetage, knightage, and companionage (Volume 1, ed.5)] He was educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge, and then entered Gray's Inn.

Fagg sat as a Member of Parliament for Rye in the Long Parliament from 1645 to 1653.[http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1660-1690/member/fagg-john-i-1627-1701 Fagg, John], HistoryofParliamentOnline.org. Accessed 9 January 2023. He was appointed one of the commissioners for the Sussex Militia in 1648. In 1649, he purchased the manor of Wiston from John Tufton, 2nd Earl of Thanet.[http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=18265 Wiston, A History of the County of Sussex: Volume 6 Part 1: Bramber Rape (Southern Part) (1980), pp. 259-268. Accessed 6 November 2010.]

From 1654 to 1659, Fagg was MP for Sussex in the First, Second and Third Protectorate Parliaments. After the death of Oliver Cromwell, Fagg was commissioned to raise a regiment of foot by the Rump Parliament in 1659 and was taken prisoner by forces loyal to the military regime when he tried to secure Portsmouth for Parliament.

In 1660, Fagg represented Steyning in the Convention Parliament, the parliament which made the arrangements for the Restoration of 1660. When this occurred, Fagg was pardoned for his activities in the Civil War and Interregnum, and on 11 December of the same year he was created a baronet, of Wiston in the County of Sussex.

Fagg again represented Steyning throughout the long Cavalier Parliament of 1661–1679 and continued to do so until his death in 1701. In 1681 he was also returned for Sussex, but the parliament which came to be known as the Oxford Parliament lasted only a few days and was dissolved before he had chosen which constituency to represent.

In 1675, Fagg was at the centre of an intense storm concerning parliamentary privilege, when a Dr Thomas Shirley sought to bring an action against him in the House of Lords concerning a property matter. On 4 November 1675, the Lords resolved to fix 20 November as the date for the matter to be heard. Five days later, in reply, the Commons resolved that the action was in breach of their privilege and that Fagg should make no defense of it. On 17 November, the Lords appointed three counsel to plead Shirley's case. On the 18th, the Commons resolved to seek a Conference with the Lords "for avoiding the occasions of reviving the differences between the two Houses", and a committee was appointed for the purpose. The Lords accepted the invitation. On 20 November, the Commons ordered that Shirley be taken into custody by the Serjeant-at-Arms, for breach of their privilege, and also ordered the posting of notices warning of legal action against anyone pleading Shirley's case. That day, Shirley appeared in person in the Lords, with Richard Wallop, one of his counsel, who asked to be excused, but the Lords ordered Wallop to represent Shirley, with the hearing deferred until the 22nd. Later that day, a motion in the Lords that the King be prayed to resolve the matter by dissolving parliament was lost by two votes, 48 in favour and 50 against. However, two days later, on the day fixed for the new hearing, the King prorogued both Houses of Parliament for several months, to bring the dispute to an end.State Trials 27 Charles II. 1675 – On Dr Shirles's Appeal, [https://books.google.com/books?id=fBL3WGHW4QwC&pg=PT604 columns 1177-1187] onlineA Collection of the Parliamentary Debates in England (1741), [https://books.google.com/books?id=S589AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA116 p. 116]

In the 1690s, Fagg was breeding bullocks for the London market on the Wiston manor home farm. Daniel Defoe visited Fagg at Wiston in 1697, as recollected in his Tour through England and Wales in 1720.[https://books.google.com/books?id=271ad_dqpq0C&dq=%22Sir+John+Fagg%22+Defoe&pg=PA131 Daniel Defoe, A Tour Through England and Wales - Volume I], books.google.com. Accessed 9 January 2023.

"Near Steyning, the famous Sir John Fagg had a noble ancient seat, now possessed with a vast estate by his grandson, Sir Robert Fagg; but I mention the ancient gentleman on this occasion, that being entertained at his house, in the year 1697, he showed me in his park four bullocks of his own breeding, and of his own feeding, of so prodigious a size, and so excessively overgrown by fat, that I never saw any thing like them".

Fagg was still Colonel of one of the Sussex Militia regiments in 1697.Colonel George Jackson Hay,

[http://lib.militaryarchive.co.uk/library/Miscellaneous-Volumes/library/An-Epitomized-History-of-the-Militia/files/assets/basic-html/page1.html An Epitomized History of the Militia (The Constitutional Force), London: United Service Gazette, 1905, p. 344.]

Death

Fagg died on 18 January 1701, aged 73. At the time of his death, he was the Father of the House of Commons.

Family

Fagg married first Mary Morley and with her had sixteen children, of whom only five lived long enough to be married. After her death, he married second Anne, daughter of Philip Weston of Newbury in Berkshire and widow of Thomas Henshaw of Billingshurst in Sussex. He was succeeded by Sir Robert Fagge, 2nd Baronet, his eldest surviving son.

Fagg was an acquaintance of William Penn{{cite book|last1=Penn|first1=William|last2=Clarkson| first2=Thomas| title=Memoirs of the private and public life of William Penn: who settled the state of Pennsylvania, and founded the city of Philadelphia|url=https://archive.org/details/memoirsofprivate00clar|date=1827|publisher=S. C. Stevens|page=[https://archive.org/details/memoirsofprivate00clar/page/98 98]}} and he may have been a distant relative.{{cite book|last1=Carson-Gentry|first1=Martha|last2=Rodebough|first2=Paul|title=Southern Chester County in Vintage Postcards|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kp-v1xo7bEgC&pg=PA46|year=1999|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|isbn=978-0-7385-0107-9|page=46}}

In 1702 a large tract of undeveloped land owned by the Penn family in Chester County, Pennsylvania, was named Faggs Manor in his honor.{{cite book|last1=Futhey|first1=John Smith|last2=Cope|first2=Gilbert|title=History of Chester County, Pennsylvania, with Genealogical and Biographical Sketches|date=May 1995|page=147|isbn=9780788402067|edition=1995|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xjs1JMrx-zwC}} The unincorporated hamlet of Faggs Manor, Pennsylvania still carries the name.