Six Runeberg Songs
{{Short description|Collection of art songs by Jean Sibelius (1917)}}
{{Infobox musical composition
| name = Six Runeberg Songs
| type = Song collection
| composer = {{nowrap|Jean Sibelius}}
| image = Sibelius.gif
| image_upright = .9
| caption = The composer ({{c.|1918}})
| border = Yes
| language = German
| opus = 90
| composed = {{start date|1917}}
}}
{{external media
| topic = Sung by Anne Sofie von Otter,
accompanied by Bengt Forsberg
| audio1 = 1) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NVvLurj2TyY "{{lang|sv|Norden|italics=no}}"]
| audio2 = 2) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Q7Zt8VSPoo "{{lang|sv|Hennes budskap|italics=no}}"]
| audio3 = 3) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J2zJov1n9Kk "{{lang|sv|Morgonen|italics=no}}"]
| audio4 = 4) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xoWFgXuMRRE "{{lang|sv|Fågelfängaren|italics=no}}"]
| audio5 = 5) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6HPu-hcjO3Q "{{lang|sv|Sommarnatten|italics=no}}"]
| audio6 = 6) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dx5jpZbrMU4 "{{lang|sv|Vem styrde hit din väg?|italics=no}}"]
}}
The Six Runeberg Songs, Op. 90,{{efn|Because Sibelius's Op. 90 songs are sung in Swedish, this article gives preference to each song's native title, rather than the English translation.}} is a collection of Swedish-language art songs for vocal soloist and piano written in 1917 by the Finnish composer Jean Sibelius,{{efn|All but a few of Sibelius's songs are settings of Swedish-language poems (quantitatively, his favorite poets were Ernst Josephson, Johan Ludvig Runeberg, Viktor Rydberg, and {{ill|Karl August Tavaststjerna|fi|}}){{sfn|Layton|1993|pp=160–161}} and are with piano accompaniment. While many are of high quality, they largely have been neglected outside the Nordic realm, due to the limited coverage (in terms of number of speakers) of Swedish (relative to, for example, German or French).{{sfn|Layton|1993|pp=159–160}}}} who composed them for his frequent collaborator, the Finnish soprano Ida Ekman. Each song is a setting of a poem by the Finnish poet Johan Ludvig Runeberg, and of the set, "{{lang|sv|Norden|italics=no}}" ("The North") generally is considered the best.{{sfnm|1a1=Barnett|1y=2007|1pp=273–274|2a1=Layton|2y=1993|2p=179}}
Constituent songs
Ordered by catalogue number, the Op. 90 songs are as follows:
- "{{lang|sv|Norden|italics=no}}" ("The North"), Op. 90/1{{sfnm|1a1=Barnett|1y=2007|1p=408|2a1=Dahlström|2y=2003|2pp=387–388}}
- "{{lang|sv|Hennes budskap|italics=no}}" ("Her Message"), Op. 90/2{{sfnm|1a1=Barnett|1y=2007|1p=408|2a1=Dahlström|2y=2003|2pp=388–389}}
- "{{lang|sv|Morgonen|italics=no}}" ("The Morning"), Op. 90/3{{sfnm|1a1=Barnett|1y=2007|1p=408|2a1=Dahlström|2y=2003|2pp=389–390}}
- "{{lang|sv|Fågelfängaren|italics=no}}" ("The Bird Catcher"), Op. 90/4{{sfnm|1a1=Barnett|1y=2007|1p=408|2a1=Dahlström|2y=2003|2p=390}}
- "{{lang|sv|Sommarnatten|italics=no}}" ("Summer Night"), Op. 90/5{{sfnm|1a1=Barnett|1y=2007|1p=408|2a1=Dahlström|2y=2003|2p=391}}
- "{{lang|sv|Vem styrde hit din väg?|italics=no}}" ("Who Brought You Hither?"), Op. 90/6{{sfnm|1a1=Barnett|1y=2007|1p=408|2a1=Dahlström|2y=2003|2p=392}}
The songs were first published in 1920 by the Helsinki-based firm of {{nowrap|{{ill|R. E. Westerlund oy|lt=R. E. Westerlund|fi|R. E. Westerlund (yritys)}}}}.{{sfn|Dahlström|2003|pp=387–392}} The table below provides additional information about each song:
class="wikitable" style="margin-right:0; font-size:95%"
!rowspan=2 scope="col"|Song !rowspan=2 scope="col"|Tempo !rowspan=2 scope="col"|Time !rowspan=2 scope="col"|Key !colspan=4 scope="col"|Premiere !rowspan=2 scope="col"|{{abbr|Ref.|References}} |
scope="col"|Soloist
!scope="col"|Pianist !scope="col"|Date !scope="col"|Venue |
---|
scope="row"|{{abbr|No. 1|"Norden"}}
|Moderato |{{center|{{music|time|3|2}}}} |{{music|c major}} |{{n/a}} |{{n/a}} |{{n/a}} |{{n/a}} |{{center|{{sfn|Dahlström|2003|p=387}}}} |
scope="row"|{{abbr|No. 2|"Hennes budskap"}}
|Andantino |{{center|{{music|time|3|4}}}} |{{music|a major}} |{{n/a}} |{{n/a}} |{{n/a}} |{{n/a}} |{{center|{{sfn|Dahlström|2003|pp=388–389}}}} |
scope="row"|{{abbr|No. 3|"Morgonen"}}
|Allegretto grazioso |{{center|{{music|common-time}}}} |{{music|f major}} |{{n/a}} |{{n/a}} |{{n/a}} |{{n/a}} |{{center|{{sfn|Dahlström|2003|p=389}}}} |
scope="row"|{{abbr|No. 4|"Fågelfängaren"}}
|Allegretto |{{center|{{music|time|2|4}}}} |{{music|b-flat major}} |rowspan=2|{{sort|Ekman|Ida Ekman}} |rowspan=2|{{sort|Ekman|{{ill|Karl Ekman (pianist)|lt=Karl Ekman|fi|Karl Ekman (pianisti)}}}} |{{start date|1919|10|01|df=y}} |rowspan=2|Solemnity Hall, Helsinki |{{center|{{sfn|Dahlström|2003|p=390}}}} |
scope="row"|{{abbr|No. 5|"Sommarnatten"}}
|Commodo |{{center|{{music|common-time}}}} |{{music|e-flat major}} |{{start date|1919|10|04|df=y}} |{{center|{{sfn|Dahlström|2003|p=391}}}} |
scope="row"|{{abbr|No. 6|"Vem styrde hit din väg?"}}
|Lento ed espressivo |{{center|{{music|time|3|2}}}} |{{music|b-flat major}} |{{n/a}} |{{n/a}} |{{n/a}} |{{n/a}} |{{center|{{sfn|Dahlström|2003|p=392}}}} |
Notes, references, and sources
=Notes=
{{notelist}}
=References=
{{Reflist}}
=Sources=
{{refbegin}}
- {{cite book|last=Barnett|first=Andrew|title=Sibelius|date=2007|location=New Haven, Connecticut|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-16397-1}}
- {{cite book|last=Dahlström|first=Fabian|author-link=:sv:Fabian Dahlström|title=Jean Sibelius: Thematisch-bibliographisches Verzeichnis seiner Werke|trans-title=Jean Sibelius: A Thematic Bibliographic Index of His Works|date=2003|publisher=Breitkopf & Härtel|location=Wiesbaden|language=de|isbn=3-7651-0333-0}}
- {{cite book|last=Layton|first=Robert|author-link=Robert Layton (musicologist)|title=Sibelius|edition=4th|series=(The Master Musicians Series)|date=1993|orig-date=1965|location=New York|publisher=Schirmer Books|isbn=0028713222}}
{{refend}}
External links
- {{IMSLP2|work=6 Songs, Op.90 (Sibelius, Jean)|cname=Six Runeberg Songs, Op. 90}}
{{Jean Sibelius|state=collapsed}}
{{Portalbar|Classical Music}}
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