Small nucleolar RNA R16

{{Infobox rfam

| Name = Small nucleolar RNA R16

| image = RF00296.jpg

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| caption = Predicted secondary structure and sequence conservation of snoR16

| Symbol = snoR16

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| Rfam = RF00296

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| RNA_type = Gene; snRNA; snoRNA; CD-box

| Tax_domain = Eukaryota

| GO = {{GO|0006396}} {{GO|0005730}}

| SO = {{SO|0000593}}

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In molecular biology, Small nucleolar RNA R16 is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule identified in plants which functions in the modification of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is usually located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.

snoRNA R16 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the conserved sequence motifs known as the C box (UGAUGA) and the D box (CUGA). Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.{{cite journal | vauthors = Galardi S, Fatica A, Bachi A, Scaloni A, Presutti C, Bozzoni I | title = Purified box C/D snoRNPs are able to reproduce site-specific 2'-O-methylation of target RNA in vitro | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 22 | issue = 19 | pages = 6663–8 | date = October 2002 | pmid = 12215523 | pmc = 134041 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.22.19.6663-6668.2002 }}

snoR16 was identified in Arabidopsis thaliana.{{cite journal | vauthors = Marker C, Zemann A, Terhörst T, Kiefmann M, Kastenmayer JP, Green P, Bachellerie JP, Brosius J, Hüttenhofer A | title = Experimental RNomics: identification of 140 candidates for small non-messenger RNAs in the plant Arabidopsis thaliana | journal = Current Biology | volume = 12 | issue = 23 | pages = 2002–13 | date = December 2002 | pmid = 12477388 | doi = 10.1016/S0960-9822(02)01304-0 | s2cid = 18112420 | doi-access = free }} snoRNA R16 is related to another Arabidopsis snoRNA called R40.