Small nucleolar RNA SNORD79

{{Short description|RNA molecule}}

{{Infobox rfam

| Name = Small nucleolar RNA SNORD79

| image = RF00152.jpg

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| caption = Predicted secondary structure and sequence conservation of SNORD79

| Symbol = SNORD79

| AltSymbols = U79

| Rfam = RF00152

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| RNA_type = Gene; snRNA; snoRNA; C/D-box

| Tax_domain = Eukaryota

| GO = {{GO|0006396}} {{GO|0005730}}

| SO = {{SO|0000593}}

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In molecular biology, snoRNA U79 (also known as SNORD79 or Z22) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the modification of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is usually located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.

U79 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the conserved sequence motifs known as the C box (UGAUGA) and the D box (CUGA). Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.{{cite journal | vauthors = Galardi S, Fatica A, Bachi A, Scaloni A, Presutti C, Bozzoni I | title = Purified box C/D snoRNPs are able to reproduce site-specific 2'-O-methylation of target RNA in vitro | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 22 | issue = 19 | pages = 6663–8 | date = October 2002 | pmid = 12215523 | pmc = 134041 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.22.19.6663-6668.2002 }}

snoRNA U79 is found in intron 7 of the GAS5 gene in humans and is also present in mice.{{cite journal | vauthors = Smith CM, Steitz JA | title = Classification of gas5 as a multi-small-nucleolar-RNA (snoRNA) host gene and a member of the 5'-terminal oligopyrimidine gene family reveals common features of snoRNA host genes | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 18 | issue = 12 | pages = 6897–909 | date = December 1998 | pmid = 9819378 | pmc = 109273 | doi = 10.1128/mcb.18.12.6897 | url = }}

U79 is predicted to guide the 2'O-ribose methylation of 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) residue A3809.{{cite journal | vauthors = Lestrade L, Weber MJ | title = snoRNA-LBME-db, a comprehensive database of human H/ACA and C/D box snoRNAs | journal = Nucleic Acids Research | volume = 34 | issue = Database issue | pages = D158-62 | date = January 2006 | pmid = 16381836 | pmc = 1347365 | doi = 10.1093/nar/gkj002 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.105.7552 }}