Smarties

Confectionery company Rowntree's of York, England, have been making "Chocolate Beans" since at least 1882.{{cite book |last1=Berry |first1=Steve |last2=Norman |first2=Phil |title=A History of Sweets in 50 Wrappers |date=2014 |publisher=The Friday Project |location=London |isbn=9780007575480 |pages=84–85}} In 1937, they renamed the product "Smarties Chocolate Beans" in 1937, soon shortening the name to just "Smarties".{{cite book|last=Bradley|first=John|title=Cadbury's Purple Reign: The Story Behind Chocolate's Best-Loved Brand|year=2011|publisher=John Wiley and Sons|isbn=978-1-119-99505-0}} While the sweets had previously been sold loose, as part of a broader strategy to establish a prominent brand identity and after seeing success in selling other confections in cardboard tubes, Rowntree's began selling Smarties Chocolate Beans in the packaging. The product and this packaging were marketed to children after test marketing in Scotland.{{cite book |last=Fitzgerald |first=Robert |title=Rowntree and the marketing revolution, 1862-1969 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1995 |isbn=0-521-43512-9 |page=338}} The packaging was valued for being easily repurposed into crafts, and the plastic caps were collected, each marked with a letter of the alphabet.

File:Smarties Riesenrolle.jpgFile:Lentilky-Smarties 2024.jpg

In February 2005, the Smarties tube was replaced with a hexagonal design. The rationale behind changing the design was, according to Nestlé, to make the brand "fresh and appealing" to youngsters;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4276553.stm "Smarties set to lose their tube"], BBC News, 18 February 2005 the new packaging is also lighter and more compact, and the lid (which is now a hinged piece of cardboard) has a card clip which holds the lid shut when it is folded over. The new lid still features a letter like the old plastic lids, but it is in the form of a "what [letter] is a [thing]?" question similar to those asked on the British television game show Blockbusters (which coincidentally were on hexagonal tiles), the answer for which can be read when the lid is open, next to the hole giving access to the rest of the tube. The hexagonal box is made of one piece of card which is diecut then folded and glued. The hexagon can also be stacked in many layers without the pile collapsing, which is an advantage at the point of sale.

Smarties are no longer manufactured in York; in October 2007, production was moved to Germany,{{cite web|url=http://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/news/1775708.smarties_production_to_move_to_germany/ |title=Smarties production to move to Germany (From The Northern Echo) |publisher=Thenorthernecho.co.uk |date=21 October 2007 |access-date=10 April 2014}} where a third of them were already made. Outside Europe, Nestlé's largest production facility for Smarties is in Toronto, Canada, where Nestlé has been manufacturing its products since 1918. The factory located at 72 Sterling Road in the Junction Triangle was originally built for Cowan Cocoa and Chocolate.{{cite web| url = https://www.thestar.com/life/food_wine/2020/04/29/a-short-history-of-rowntree-maple-buds-and-other-canadian-made-chocolate-treats.html| title = A short history of Rowntree Maple Buds and other Canadian-made chocolate treats {{!}} The Star| website = Toronto Star| date = 29 April 2020}}

In 1998, Nestlé obtained a trademark for a tubular Smarties package. It later sued Master Foods in Denmark, which was marketing M&M minis in a similar package. The Supreme Court of Denmark ruled that a basic geometrical shape could not be trademarked and ordered the trademark to be removed from the trademark register.{{cite web|url=http://www.internationallawoffice.com/newsletters/detail.aspx?g=f267342b-9a02-4f2b-800a-518408f7911b|title=Nestlé Outsmarted in Smarties Ruling|last=Marstrand-Jørgensen|first=Mads|date=20 October 2003|publisher=Globe Business Publishing Ltd|access-date=28 August 2014|archive-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924035602/http://www.internationallawoffice.com/newsletters/detail.aspx?g=f267342b-9a02-4f2b-800a-518408f7911b|url-status=dead}}

In 2021, the parent company Nestlé transferred the production of Lentilky, which had been produced in Czechia since 1907, to German Hamburg, and the ingredients are also being harmonized with the Smarties product.{{cite news |title=Konec Lentilek v Česku: Výroba se po 114 letech přesune do Německa. Změní se i receptura |url=https://www.byznysnoviny.cz/2020/10/12/konec-lentilek-v-cesku-vyroba-se-po-114-letech-presune-do-nemecka-zmeni-se-i-receptura/ |work=Byznys Noviny |date=12 October 2020 |language=cs}}

File: Smarties old new.jpg

In one of the earlier ranges of colours, there was a light-brown Smartie. This was replaced in 1988 by a blue Smartie, introduced as part of campaign opposing the purchase of Rowntree Mackintosh Confectionery by Nestlé, along with 'I Support Blue Smarties' pin badges. Before 1958, dark-brown Smarties had a plain-chocolate centre, while light-brown ones were coffee-flavoured. Orange Smarties originally contained orange-flavoured chocolate,Ben Schott, Schott's Food & Drink Miscellany however, these days the orange flavour is added to the shell only.{{cite web|url=http://www.nestle.co.uk/aboutus/history/blog/posts/smarties|access-date=10 February 2017|title=Smarties}}

In 2006, it was announced that Nestlé was removing all artificial colourings from Smarties in the United Kingdom.{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/106533335/joe-schwarcz-smarties-purged-do-you/|title=Smarties Purged: Do You Still Eat the Red Ones Last?|date=June 29, 2009|first=Joe|last=Schwarcz|work=The Gazette (Montreal)|access-date=July 29, 2022|page=A9|via=Newspapers.com}} Nestlé decided to replace all synthetic dyes with natural ones, but, unable to source a natural blue dye, removed blue Smarties from circulation (which led to the common misunderstanding that the blue Smartie triggered hyperactivity in some children) and replaced them with white ones.{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2008/feb/11/fooddrinks |title=Smarties manufacturer brings back the blues |publisher=Guardian |date= 11 February 2008|access-date=22 July 2009 |location=London |first=Rebecca |last=Smithers}} In February 2008, blue smarties were reintroduced using natural blue dye derived from the cyanobacterium spirulina instead of the controversial brilliant blue FCF (FD&C Blue 1, E133).{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/7238247.stm |title=Seaweed allows Smarties comeback |publisher=BBC News |date=11 February 2008 |access-date=22 July 2009}}

Artificial colouring was removed from Smarties on the Canadian market in March 2009. The new range included all the colours except blue. Blue Smarties were re-added in May 2010.{{cite web|url=http://www.nestle.ca/en/articles/general_food_information/Smarties_No_Artificial_Colours.htm |title=Nestlé : SMARTIES No Artificial Colours |publisher=Nestle.ca |date=1 June 2009 |access-date=22 July 2009}}

Red Smarties were previously dyed with cochineal, a derivative of the product made by extracting colour from female cochineal insects. A pigment extracted from red cabbage is now used in the United Kingdom.{{cite news|url=http://lifeandhealth.guardian.co.uk/food/story/0,,2079769,00.html |title=Veggies beware! |publisher=Lifeandhealth.guardian.co.uk |date= 15 May 2007|access-date=22 July 2009 |location=London |first=Laura |last=Barton}}{{cite web|url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/s/135/135160_vegetarians_see_red_over_smarties_dye.html |title=Vegetarians see red over smarties dye|publisher=Manchester Evening News |date=28 October 2004 |access-date=22 July 2009}}

For the purposes of assessing an "active learning approach to epidemiology and critical appraisal", a mock randomised controlled trial tested the hypothesis that red Smarties could increase happiness. Based on a trial with 117 participants in four settings in Australia, Canada and Malaysia, red Smarties eaters were no happier than yellow Smarties eaters.{{Cite journal|last1=Baker|first1=Philip R. A.|last2=Francis|first2=Daniel P.|last3=Cathcart|first3=Abby|date=22 April 2017|title=A Mock Randomized Controlled Trial With Audience Response Technology for Teaching and Learning Epidemiology|journal=Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health|language=en|volume=29|issue=3|pages=229–240|doi=10.1177/1010539517700473|pmid=28434251|s2cid=24488124|url=https://eprints.qut.edu.au/106778/3/106778.pdf}}

{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2021}}

File:Blue smarties.JPG

Smarties are also sold in the form of chocolate bars and eggs with fragments of Smarties in them, and chocolate-and-vanilla ice cream with Smarties pieces in it known as Smarties Fusion. A variant on Smarties ice cream is the Smarties McFlurry, sold by McDonald's. It was discontinued temporarily in 2012, brought back in early 2014 but withdrawn again in late 2015, being replaced with Oreo, but in some countries both are available. For decades Canadian Dairy Queen restaurants offered a Smarties Blizzard, but in 2015 this was dropped and replaced with an M&M's Blizzard. The Smarties Blizzard returned to the menu in early 2018.

In 1997, larger-sized Giant Smarties were introduced, and, in 2004, Fruity Smarties. Another variation of Smarties, which contained white chocolate rather than milk chocolate, was also introduced. These were trialled as "Smarctic Frost Bites", but upon their full release a year or so later, they were called White Chocolate Smarties.

In 1998, a product known as "Smarties Secrets" was introduced which contained sweets of varying designs, colours and flavours. The packaging also contained a small comic book. This product is no longer available.

In Canada, there was a limited line of red and white Smarties where the white Smarties have an image of a red maple leaf, a reference to the Canadian flag. Holiday packaging for Halloween (sold as Scaries), Christmas and Valentine's Day (containing only pink and red Smarties) is common. Also in Canada, Nestlé sells Peanut and Peanut Butter Smarties.

Around Christmas, Nestlé Australia and Canada often releases Smarties in the Christmas colours of red, green and white.

In other countries, like Canada, there is more variety in packaging. Smarties can be purchased in rectangular boxes, a giant tube, or in a stand-up or paper bag,{{Cite web |title=Smarties becomes the first global confectionery brand to switch to recyclable paper packaging |url=https://www.nestle.com/media/news/smarties-first-global-confectionery-brand-recyclable-paper-packaging |access-date=2022-12-25 |website=Nestlé Global |date=26 January 2021 |language=en}} and in 410 g bags in Australia and New Zealand.

In the United States, a Smarties variant was introduced by Nestlé for a limited time as part of a product promotion for Disney's 1999 animated film, Tarzan. "Tarzan Treats" had red, green, brown, blue, orange and yellow Smarties pieces. Yellow pieces contained an outline graphic of characters from the film. This Smarties variant was made in Canada for distribution in the United States.

In the UK in 1995/96 there was a Smartian edition where the lids had different smartian symbols such as a rocket ship, and there were four aliens: Babok (blue), Smorg (orange), Yoz (green) and Zock (yellow).

• Nestlé Smarties Book Prize
• Galaxy Minstrels
• Reese's Pieces
• Smarties: Meltdown
• Skittles
• M&M's

{{reflist}}

{{commons category}}

• {{Official website}}
• [http://www.classaxe.com/smarties/ Smartie Museum]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20070822011128/http://www.nestle.com.au/schoolprojects/smarties.asp How Smarties are made]
• [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4276553.stm Smarties set to lose their tube] - BBC News

{{Nestlé}}

{{Rowntree's}}

Category:British confectionery

Category:Canadian confectionery

Category:Rowntree's brands

Category:Yorkshire cuisine

Category:1882 introductions

Category:Products introduced in 1937

Category:Brand name confectionery

Category:Candy