Solana, Cagayan

{{Infobox settlement

| name = {{PH wikidata|name}}

| image_skyline = Solana Municipal Hall, Cagayan, Mar 2024.jpg

| image_caption = Solana Municipal Hall

| image_flag = Flag of Solana, Cagayan.png

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| image_seal = Solana Cagayan.png

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| subdivision_type1 = Region

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| subdivision_type2 = Province

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| official_name = {{PH wikidata|official_name}}

| etymology =

| named_for = The Marquis of La Solana
(as Solana)
Francisco Marague
(as Marague)

| native_name =

| other_name = Marague

| nickname =

| motto =

| anthem =

| subdivision_type3 = District

| subdivision_name3 = {{PH legislative district}}

| established_title = Founded

| established_date =

| parts_type = Barangays

| parts_style = para

| p1 = {{PH barangay count | {{wikidata|label|raw}} }} (see Barangays)

| leader_title = Mayor

| leader_name = Jennalyn P. Carag

| leader_title1 = Vice Mayor

| leader_name1 = Meynard Z. Carag, CPA

| leader_title2 = Representative

| leader_name2 = Joseph L. Lara

| leader_title3 = Municipal Council

| leader_name3 = {{PH Town Council

| 1 =

| 2=Francsica F. de Asis

| 3=Carlo Paolo G. Lasam

| 4=Amelia P. Carag

| 5=James C. Mallillin

| 6=Ronald C. Cristobal

| 7=Edilberto A. Edillo

| 8=Angelina L. Fernandez

| 9=Domingo A. Lagundi Jr.

}}

| leader_title4 = Electorate

| leader_name4 = {{PH wikidata|electorate}} voters (Philippine general election, {{PH wikidata)

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| government_footnotes = {{thinsp}}{{DILG detail}}

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| elevation_max_m = 153

| elevation_min_m = 12

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| population_footnotes = {{PH census|current}}

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| population_density_km2 = auto

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| timezone = PST

| utc_offset = +8

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| postal2_code_type = {{PSGCstyle}}

| postal2_code = {{PSGC detail}}

| area_code_type = {{areacodestyle}}

| area_code = {{PH wikidata|area_code}}

| website = {{PH wikidata|website}}

| demographics_type1 = Economy

| demographics1_title1 = {{PH wikidata|income_class_title}}

| demographics1_info1 = {{PH wikidata|income_class}}

| demographics1_title2 = Poverty incidence

| demographics1_info2 = {{PH wikidata|poverty_incidence}}% ({{PH wikidata|poverty_incidence_point_in_time}}){{PH wikidata|poverty_incidence_footnotes}}

| demographics1_title3 = Revenue

| demographics1_info3 = {{PH wikidata|revenue}} {{PH wikidata|revenue_point_in_time}}

| demographics1_title4 = Revenue rank

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| demographics1_title5 = Assets

| demographics1_info5 = {{PH wikidata|assets}} {{PH wikidata|assets_point_in_time}}

| demographics1_title6 = Assets rank

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| demographics1_title7 = IRA

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| demographics1_title8 = IRA rank

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| demographics1_title9 = Expenditure

| demographics1_info9 = {{PH wikidata|expenditure}} {{PH wikidata|expenditure_point_in_time}}

| demographics1_title10 = Liabilities

| demographics1_info10 = {{PH wikidata|liabilities}} {{PH wikidata|liabilities_point_in_time}}

| demographics_type2 = Service provider

| demographics2_title1 = Electricity

| demographics2_info1 = {{PH electricity distribution | {{wikidata|label|raw}} }}

| demographics2_title2 = Water

| demographics2_info2 =

| demographics2_title3 = Telecommunications

| demographics2_info3 =

| demographics2_title4 = Cable TV

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| blank_name_sec1 = {{PH wikidata|climate_title}}

| blank_info_sec1 = {{PH wikidata|climate_type}}

| blank1_name_sec1 = Native languages

| blank1_info_sec1 = {{PH wikidata|language}}

| blank2_name_sec1 = Crime index

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| blank1_name_sec2 = Major religions

| blank1_info_sec2 =

| blank2_name_sec2 = Feast date

| blank2_info_sec2 =

| blank3_name_sec2 = Catholic diocese

| blank3_info_sec2 =

| blank4_name_sec2 = Patron saint

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}}

Solana, officially the Municipality of Solana ({{langx|ibg|Ili nat Solana}}; {{langx|itv|Ili yo Solana}}; {{langx|ilo|Ili ti Solana}}; {{langx|tl|Bayan ng Solana}}), is a municipality in the province of Cagayan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 88,445 people.{{PH census|current}}

The Awidon Mesa Formationa Paleolithic Sites of the municipality, along with the Callao Limestone Formation Paleolithic Sites in neighboring Penablanca, are included in the tentative list of the Philippines for future UNESCO World Heritage Site inscription under the name of Paleolithic Archaeological Sites in Cagayan Valley. The Awidon Mesa Formation has at least 68 Paleolithic sites in which stone tools and fossils of extinct animals that include stegodons, elephants, rhinoceros, and large tortoise were discovered.

History

Formerly part of Tuguegarao, Solana was formally made an independent town on 18 August 1852. It was named after Governor General Juan Antonio de Urbiztondo, Marquis of La Solana.{{cite book |last=Salgado|first=Pedro|title=Cagayan Valley and Easter Cordillera: 1581-1898, Volume I |publisher=Rex Publishing |orig-date=2002|pages=340|chapter=Other Missions in Cagayan Province|isbn=}} Prior to that it was called Marague, after a rich widower named Francisco Marague who settled in the area and built a stone house. During the Second World War, the barrio of Andarayan was bombed by American planes on 13 June 1945, killing 50 people.{{cite book |last=de Rivera Castillet|first=Ed|title=Cagayan Province and her People |publisher=Community Publishers|orig-date=1960}}

Geography

The Municipality of Solana is surrounded by the following: to the east by the Cagayan River, to the north by Amulung, to the south by Enrile, to the southwest by Kalinga province, and to the northwest by Piat and Tuao.

Solana is situated {{convert|10.85|km}} from the provincial capital Tuguegarao, and {{convert|485.85|km}} north of the country's capital city of Manila.

=Topography=

Solana is mostly flat with mountainous terrain on the central area from Barangay Madarallug going north to Barangay Iraga due to the Barung Anticline and Liwan Syncline.

The municipality is bounded by the Cagayan River to the East, Amulung to the North, Enrile to the South and Municipality of Tuao and Piat to the West.

With its proximity in the Cagayan River, it is usually flooded during typhoon season where the river is usually swollen thus providing a fluvial soil good for farming.

=Barangays=

Solana is politically subdivided into 38 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks while some have sitios.

Andarayan North
Andarayan South
Bangag
Bantay
Basi East
Basi West
Bauan East
Bauan West
Cadaanan
Calamagui
Calillauan
Carilucud
Cattaran
Centro Northeast (Poblacion)
Centro Northwest (Poblacion)
Centro Southeast (Poblacion)
Centro Southwest (Poblacion)
Dassun
Furagui
Gadu
Gen. Eulogio Balao
Iraga
Lanna
Lannig
Lingu
Maddarulug (Santo Domingo)
Maguirig
Malalam-Malacabibi
Nabbotuan
Nangalisan
Natappian East
Natappian West
Padul
Palao
Parug-parug
Pataya
Sampaguita
Ubong

=Climate=

Just like the general climatic conditions of the Philippines, the municipality of Solana's climate is tropical and maritime. It is characterized by relatively high temperature, high humidity and abundant rainfall.

{{cite web| url= https://www.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/information/climate-philippines| title= Climate of the Philippines}}

Based from the Climate Map of PAGASA, the municipality belongs to the Type III Climate with no very pronounced maximum rain period with a dry season lasting only from one to three monthse either from December to February or from March to May.

{{Weather box

| location = Solana, Cagayan

| width = auto

| metric first = Yes

| single line = Yes

| Jan high C = 25

| Jan low C = 21

| Feb high C = 26

| Feb low C = 21

| Mar high C = 28

| Mar low C = 22

| Apr high C = 31

| Apr low C = 23

| May high C = 32

| May low C = 24

| Jun high C = 31

| Jun low C = 25

| Jul high C = 31

| Jul low C = 24

| Aug high C = 30

| Aug low C = 25

| Sep high C = 30

| Sep low C = 24

| Oct high C = 28

| Oct low C = 23

| Nov high C = 27

| Nov low C = 23

| Dec high C = 25

| Dec low C = 22

| Jan precipitation mm = 155

| Feb precipitation mm = 113

| Mar precipitation mm = 89

| Apr precipitation mm = 58

| May precipitation mm = 127

| Jun precipitation mm = 131

| Jul precipitation mm = 154

| Aug precipitation mm = 184

| Sep precipitation mm = 151

| Oct precipitation mm = 247

| Nov precipitation mm = 221

| Dec precipitation mm = 292

| Jan rain days = 19.6

| Feb rain days = 14.8

| Mar rain days = 13.4

| Apr rain days = 12.0

| May rain days = 19.4

| Jun rain days = 19.8

| Jul rain days = 23.0

| Aug rain days = 25.0

| Sep rain days = 23.0

| Oct rain days = 19.4

| Nov rain days = 19.1

| Dec rain days = 21.6

| source 1 = Meteoblue

{{cite web

| url = https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/forecast/modelclimate/solana_philippines_1685880

| title = Solana, Cagayan: Average Temperatures and Rainfall

| publisher = Meteoblue

| accessdate = December 27, 2018}}

| date = December 27, 2018

}}

Demographics

{{Philippine Census

| align = left

| cols = 2

| title= Population census of {{PH wikidata|name}}

| 1903 = {{PH census population|1903}}

| 1918 = {{PH census population|1918}}

| 1939 = {{PH census population|1939}}

| 1948 = {{PH census population|1948}}

| 1960 = {{PH census population|1960}}

| 1970 = {{PH census population|1970}}

| 1975 = {{PH census population|1975}}

| 1980 = {{PH census population|1980}}

| 1990 = {{PH census population|1990}}

| 1995 = {{PH census population|1995}}

| 2000 = {{PH census population|2000}}

| 2007 = {{PH census population|2007}}

| 2010 = {{PH census population|2010}}

| 2015 = {{PH census population|2015}}

| 2020 = {{PH census population|2020}}

| 2025 =

| 2030 =

| footnote= Source: Philippine Statistics Authority{{PH census|2015}}{{PH census|2010}}{{PH census|2007}}{{LWUA population data}}

}}

In the 2020 census, the population of Solana, Cagayan, was 88,445 people,{{PH census|current}} with a density of {{convert|{{sigfig|88,445/234.60|2}}|PD/km2|disp=or}}.

Economy

Government

=Local government=

Solana is part of the third legislative district of the province of Cagayan. It is governed by a mayor, designated as its local chief executive, and by a municipal council as its legislative body in accordance with the Local Government Code. The Sangguniang Bayan is composed of the (Municipality) Vice Mayor as Presiding Officer, regular Sanggunian members (Councilors), the President of the Association of Barangay Captains and the President of the Sangguniang Kabataan. They shall exercise and perform the legislative powers and duties as provided for under Republic Act No. 7160, otherwise known as the Local Government Code of 1991. Shall consider and conduct thorough study all matters brought to their attention and consequently pass resolutions, enact ordinances and to introduce recommendations.{{cite web|url=http://www.dilg.gov.ph/PDF_File/reports_resources/dilg-reports-resources-2016120_5e0bb28e41.pdf|title=The Local Government Code of the Philippines. Book III: Local Government Units|publisher=Government of the Philippines|accessdate=September 18, 2016}} {{PD-notice}}

=Elected officials=

Position ! Name
class="wikitable" style="line-height:1.20em; font-size:100%;" \|+ Members of the Municipal Council (2019–2022){{Cite web \|title=2019 National and Local Elections \|url=https://comelec.gov.ph/php-tpls-attachments/2019NLE/ElectionResults/2019NLE_LIst_of_Elected_CityMun_Candidates.pdf \|access-date=March 10, 2022 \|website=Commission on Elections}}
Congressman \| style="text-align:center;" \| Joseph L. Lara
Mayor \| style="text-align:center;" \| Jennalyn P. Carag
Vice-Mayor \| style="text-align:center;" \| Meynard Z. Carag, CPA
rowspan=8\| Councilors \| style="text-align:center;" \| Francsica F. de Asis
style="text-align:center;" \| Atty. Carlo Paolo G. Lasam
style="text-align:center;" \| Amelia P. Carag
style="text-align:center;" \| James C. Mallillin
style="text-align:center;" \| Ronald C. Cristobal
style="text-align:center;" \| Edilberto A. Edillo
style="text-align:center;" \| Angelina L. Fernandez
style="text-align:center;" \| Atty. Domingo A. Lagundi Jr.

=Elected officials=

Position ! Name
class="wikitable" style="line-height:1.20em; font-size:100%;" \|+ Members of the Municipal Council (2022-2025)
Congressman \| style="text-align:center;" \| Joseph L. Lara
Mayor \| style="text-align:center;" \| Jennalyn P. Carag
Vice-Mayor \| style="text-align:center;" \| Meynard Z. Carag, CPA
rowspan=8\| Councilors \| style="text-align:center;" \| Ronald C. Cristobal
style="text-align:center;" \| Edilberto A. Edillo
style="text-align:center;" \| James C. Mallillin
style="text-align:center;" \| Francisca F. De Asis
style="text-align:center;" \| Atty. Carlo Paolo G. Lasam
style="text-align:center;" \| Angelina L. Fernandez
style="text-align:center;" \| All B. Ubina
style="text-align:center;" \| Amelia P. Carag

Education

File:San Vicente Institute, Solana, Cagayan, Mar 2024.jpg

The Schools Division of Cagayan governs the town's public education system. The division office is a field office of the DepEd in Cagayan Valley region.{{Cite web |title=DEPED REGIONAL OFFICE NO. 02 |url=https://region2.deped.gov.ph/page/14/ |website=DepED RO2 {{!}} The official website of DepED Regional Office No. 02}} {{Cite web |title=History of DepED SDO Cagayan |url=https://deped-sdocagayan.com.ph/history-of-deped-sdo-cagayan/ |access-date=March 13, 2022 |website=DepED SDO Cagayan {{!}} Official Website of DepED SDO Cagayan}}

The Schools Division Office (SDO) of Cagayan was relocated to Solana following a fire that destroyed its original building near the Boy Scouts of the Philippines – Cagayan Chapter Office and Cagayan National High School on August 10, 2012. The following day, the division office was temporarily transferred to the former Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) building in Lingu, Solana, Cagayan, where it operated until November 15, 2017.{{ Cite web |title=History of DepEd SDO Cagayan |url=https://deped-sdocagayan.com.ph/history-of-deped-sdo-cagayan/}} {{PD-notice}}

There are two schools district offices which govern the public and private elementary and high schools throughout the municipality. These are Solana North District, and Solana South District.{{Cite web |title=SDO Cagayan Public Elementary Schools| url=https://deped-sdocagayan.com.ph/public-elementary-schools/}}

The only Catholic School that serves the area is Saint Vincent Ferrer Institute (SVI) under Saint Vincent Ferrer Parish which offers basic education from elementary to senior high school.

=Primary and elementary schools=

Andarayan Elementary School
Bangag Elementary School
Basi Elementary School
Bauan Elementary School
Cagayan Valley Dynamic Christian Global School
Cadaanan Elementary School
Casa Dei Bambini School
Cattaran Elementary School
Dassun Elementary School
Door of Faith Christian Learning School
Iraga Elementary School
Lanna Elementary School
Lannig Elementary School
Lingu Elementary School
Little Jesus Christian Academy Cadaanan Branch
Little Jesus Christian Academy Dassun Branch
Maddarulug Elementary School
Malacabibi Elementary School
Masin-San Pablo Elementary School
Maguirig Elementary School
Nangalisan Elementary School
Natappian Elementary School
Saint Vincent Ferrer Institute (Primary to Elementary)
Solana North Central School
Solana South Central School
The Natappian United Methodist Mission School
Turod Elementary School

=Secondary schools=

Andarayan National High School
Dassun National High School
Gadu National High School- Nangalisan Extension
Saint Vincent Ferrer Institute
Solana Academy
Solana Fresh Water Fishery School

=Higher educational institution=

There is a state university which is an extension campus of Cagayan State University which offer academic programs in Teacher Education, Agriculture, Fisheries, Information and Computing Sciences, and Criminology.