Solar power in Hawaii

File:Solar Panels @ Ala Moana (23715386935).jpg

Hawaii has a renewable portfolio standard of 40% renewable energy by 2030 and 100% by 2045.[http://khon2.com/2015/06/08/new-law-requires-100-percent-renewable-energy-in-hawaii-by-2045/ New law requires 100-percent renewable energy in Hawaii by 2045], KHON2, Brigette Namata, June 8, 2015 Hawaii had almost 200 MW of grid-connected photovoltaics in 2012. 16 MW of PV were installed in 2010, 40 MW in 2011, and 109 MW in 2012.{{Cite web|url=http://www.slideshare.net/SEIA/us-solar-market-insight-report|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120418122702/http://www.slideshare.net/SEIA/us-solar-market-insight-report|url-status=dead|title=U.S. Solar Market Insight Report|archive-date=April 18, 2012}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.seia.org/news/multimedia/shareable-graphics|title=2014 Top 10 Solar States}}

The electrical grids of the Hawaiian islands are each separate and relatively small. "Overbuilding" distributed solar in some areas has led to issues such as partial duck curve, although time-of-use pricing has reduced disadvantages.{{cite web|url= http://www.utilitydive.com/news/the-duck-is-learning-to-fly-in-california-and-hawaii/424061/ |title=The Duck is learning to fly in California and Hawaii|first=Jim |last=Lazar |date=8 August 2016|work=Utility Dive|access-date=29 October 2016}} Such overbuilding led the Hawaiian Electrical Company (HECO) to stop its net metering program, which reimbursed solar consumers generously for the excess electricity they exported back to the grid, in 2015.{{Cite web|url=http://www.governing.com/topics/transportation-infrastructure/tns-hawaii-solar.html|title=End of Hawaii's Solar Credit Program Spells Trouble for Industry|website=www.governing.com|date=29 March 2016 |language=en|access-date=2017-07-31}} As a result, residential solar installations fell as homeowners could no longer justify the costs because the payback time of the rooftop solar system made it cost-prohibitive.{{Cite news|url=https://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/rooftop-solar-in-hawaii-crashes-with-loss-of-net-metering-lack-self-supply|title=Rooftop Solar in Oahu Crashes With Loss of Net Metering, Lack of Self-Supply Installs|access-date=2017-07-31}} Two successor programs - [https://www.hawaiianelectric.com/clean-energy-hawaii/producing-clean-energy/customer-self-supply-and-grid-supply-programs customer grid supply (CGS) and customer self-supply] - have proved less successful than net-metering did in promoting the growth of the industry.{{Cite web|url=https://pv-magazine-usa.com/2016/11/30/heco-sees-significant-uptick-in-self-supply-applications/|title=HECO sees significant uptick in self-supply applications|website=pv magazine USA|date=30 November 2016 |access-date=2017-07-31}} HECO has made connecting to the grid more difficult, leading to layoffs among the solar installation industry.[http://www.hawaiinewsnow.com/story/26598892/pv-industry-struggles-following-heco-rule HECO rule pulled the plug on PV jobs], Hawaii News Now, Jim Mendoz, Sep 22, 2014 In 2014, there were over 40,000 rooftop systems, over 10 percent of customers.[http://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/A-Solar-Permit-Slowdown-is-Chilling-Oahus-Installer-Market A Solar Permit Slowdown Is Chilling Oahu's Installer Market], greentechmedia, Eric Wesoff, June 12, 2014 A proposed grid interconnection between Oahu and Maui would have allowed more renewable energy but was rejected as too costly.[http://energy.hawaii.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/HonStarAd_LinkingIsles_1.22.14.pdf Linking isles' energy grids will save money, state says], Honolulu Star-Advertiser, Alan Yonan Jr., Jan 22, 2014 By 2022, nearly a third of single family homes have solar panels.

HECO has limited homeowners' ability to install solar and connect to the grid. As of 2022, the only program available for private systems to supply power to the grid, Customer Grid Supply Plus, has limited capacity and requires inverters that meet HECO specifications. Approved inverters must allow the company to remotely turn off power transmission to the grid as needed.{{Cite web|url=http://www.hawaiianelectric.com/products-and-services/customer-renewable-programs/rooftop-solar/customer-grid-supply-plus|title=Customer Grid-Supply Plus|website=www.hawaiianelectric.com}} The utility has gone full steam ahead with its own plans to build utility-scale solar, approving 110 MW on July 27, 2017.{{Cite web|url=https://pv-magazine-usa.com/2017/07/28/hawaii-approves-contracts-for-110-mw-ac-of-utility-scale-solar/|title=Hawaii approves contracts for 110 MW-AC of utility-scale solar|website=pv magazine USA|date=28 July 2017 |access-date=2017-07-31}}

Cyanotech has a 0.5 MW solar array on its algae farm at the Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawaii.[https://energy.ehawaii.gov/epd/public/energy-project-details.html?rid=ed-6611d1f3b2a26f11 Cyanotech Solar Array], Hawaii Renewable Energy Projects Directory, Hawaii State Energy Office

In October, 2018, Hawaii Electric Companies announced they were negotiating contracts on 7 new solar farms to total 260 MW, each incorporating 4 hours of battery storage:[https://www.utilitydive.com/news/hawaiian-electric-plans-7-solarstorage-projects-adding-260-mw-solar/539410/ Hawaiian Electric plans 7 solar+storage projects, adding 260 MW solar], UtilityDive, October 11, 2018

These would be three projects on Oahu, two projects on Maui and two projects on Hawaii. In March 2019, six projects (totalling 247 MW and almost 1 GWh of battery storage) were approved, priced at 8-10c/kWh.{{cite web |last1=Hill |first1=Joshua S |title=Hawaii approves six low-priced solar and battery storage projects |url=https://reneweconomy.com.au/hawaii-approves-six-low-priced-solar-and-battery-storage-projects-32014/ |website=RenewEconomy |access-date=2 April 2019 |language=en-AU |date=1 April 2019}}

Sunrun is establishing a virtual power plant on Oahu which would use the energy stored in 1000 batteries located in individual houses with rooftop solar panels to deliver power in times of high energy demand on the grid. This system is expected to be online in 2020.[https://www.solarpowerworldonline.com/2019/09/sunrun-solar-plus-storage-virtual-power-plant-hawaii/ Sunrun makes solar-plus-storage virtual power plant deal with Hawaiian Electric], Solar Power World, Kelsey Misbrener, September 4, 2019 These types of services provide not only additional power to the power grid but also add grid stability.

Kauai has rapidly adopted solar. In 2009, oil provided 91% of the island's electricity. In 2015, solar provided 15% with other renewables providing another 22% with oil providing 63%.[http://www.utilitydive.com/news/inside-the-first-fully-dispatchable-utility-solar-storage-project-in-hawaii/408208/ Inside the first fully dispatchable utility solar-storage project in Hawaii], UtilityDive, Peter Maloney, October 29, 2015 Diesel usage was expected to be reduced by {{convert|10|e6usgal|e3m3|abbr=off|sp=us}} in 2016 compared to 2008. On some days in 2016, solar power provided 77% of the electricity generation on Kauai.[http://www.bizjournals.com/pacific/news/2016/12/07/utility-lowers-rates-by-nearly-20-in-2016.html Utility lowers rates by nearly 20% in 2016], Duane Shimogawa, Pacific Business News, December 7, 2016

When it opened on November 2, 2015 on Kauai, the 12MW Anahola project was the largest solar project in Hawaii. It has 59,000 panels on {{convert|60|acre|ha|abbr=off}} of land and is expected to supply up to 20% of the island's momentary electricity demand and up to 5% of the annual demand.[http://www.hawaiinewsnow.com/story/30466779/anahola-solar-array-set-to-generate-20-percent-of-kauais-electricity Anahola Solar Array set to generate 20% of Kauai's electricity], Hawaii News Now, Nov 8, 2014 The Anahola project also incorporates a 6MW lithium-ion battery.{{Cite web|url=https://recsolar.com/press/rec-solar-kiuc-interconnection/|title=REC Solar & KIUC Connect Hawaii's Largest Solar Project|first=Estelle|last=Soria|date=November 2, 2015}}[http://www.seia.org/state-solar-policy/hawaii Hawaii Solar], SEIA The 12 MW Kapaia solar plant is connected to a 13 MW / 52 MWh battery,{{cite web|url= http://www.utilitydive.com/news/solarcity-selects-tesla-batteries-for-kauai-solarstorage-project/414078/ |title=SolarCity selects Tesla batteries for Kauai solar+storage project|date= February 18, 2016|work=Utility Dive|access-date= October 29, 2016}}{{cite web|url= https://electrek.co/2017/03/08/tesla-powerpack-2-project-hawaii-kauai-solar-power/ |title=Tesla launches its Powerpack 2 project in Hawaii, will help Island of Kauai get more out of its solar power|date=March 8, 2017|access-date=March 8, 2017}} and the power is priced at 13.9 c/kWh.{{Cite web|url=http://kiuc.coopwebbuilder2.com/sites/kiuc/files/PDF/pr/pr2016-0216-solar.pdf|title=SolarCity Selects Battery System for Kauaʻi Co-op Solar Storage Project}} A 2018 project for 28 MW solar with 20 MW / 100 MWh batteries is priced at 11 c/kWh.{{cite web|url= https://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/aes-puts-energy-heavy-battery-behind-new-kauai-solar-peaker |title=AES' New Kauai Solar-Storage 'Peaker' Shows How Fast Battery Costs Are Falling|date=January 16, 2017|access-date=January 24, 2017}} A 44MW solar farm with batteries to be completed in 2019 will bring the island to 70% renewable electricity while a pumped-storage hydro facility is under consideration which could bring the island to 90% renewable by 2023.

File:Hawaii electricity production by type.webp

In 2012 a typical solar system in Hawaii paid for itself in only 4 years, and returned a profit of over 4 times the cost over its life.{{Cite web|url=https://www.solarreviews.com/solar-incentives/hawaii|title=Guide to Hawaii incentives & tax credits in 2022|website=www.solarreviews.com}} Hawaii's 35% ($5000.00 Maximum) state tax credit is the second highest in the country, behind Louisiana.{{Cite web|url=http://www.hawaiicleanenergyinitiative.org/imported-20101004182628/2011/6/10/isles-power-up-in-solar-rankings.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130415004054/http://www.hawaiicleanenergyinitiative.org/imported-20101004182628/2011/6/10/isles-power-up-in-solar-rankings.html|url-status=dead|title=Isles power up in solar rankings|archive-date=April 15, 2013}} Hawaii offers a feed-in tariff, but it does not meet the normal definition of a feed-in tariff, as it is less than the retail cost of electricity, and is therefore simply a Power Purchase Agreement. The Oahu Wind Integration Study{{Cite web|url=http://www.hnei.hawaii.edu/PDFs/Oahu_Wind_Integration_Study.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110516004950/http://www.hnei.hawaii.edu/PDFs/Oahu_Wind_Integration_Study.pdf|url-status=dead|title=Oahu Wind Integration Study|archive-date=May 16, 2011}} released a report detailing the impact on the Oahu grid and found that 500 MW of wind and 100 MW of solar power could provide Oahu up to 25% of its electricity while eliminating the need to burn approximately 2.8 million barrels of low sulfur fuel oil and 132,000 tons of coal each year.{{Cite web|url=http://www.solar-hawaii.org/2011/03/23/hawaii-study-wind-and-solar-can-reliably-supply-25-percent-of-oahu-electricity-needs/|title=Hawaii Study: Wind and Solar Can Reliably Supply 25% of Oahu's Electricity Needs|date=March 23, 2011|website=Solar Hawaii}}

In 2010 Hawaii generated 56 GWh of energy by photovoltaics; this had risen to 2051 GWh in 2023.{{Cite web|url=http://energy.hawaii.gov/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/HSEO_FF_May2015.pdf|title=Hawaii Energy Facts & Figures May 2015}}

This was only 0.07% of the state's total electricity generation in 2007 but had risen to 19.5% by 2024.{{Cite web|url=http://energy.hawaii.gov/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/EnergyFactFigures_Nov2013.pdf|title=Hawaii Energy Facts & Figures November 2013}}{{Cite web|url=http://energy.hawaii.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/HSEO_FF_Nov2014.pdf|title=Hawaii Energy Facts & Figures November 2014}}{{Cite web|url=http://energy.hawaii.gov/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/HSEO_FF_Nov2015.pdf|title=Hawaii Energy Facts & Figures November 2015}}

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{{See also|List of power stations in Hawaii#Solar photovoltaic}}

• December 2008: DuPont completed a solar power installation on Kauai that was expected to average 80 kW.{{Cite web|url=https://www.environmentalleader.com/2009/01/dupont-cuts-ribbon-on-hawaii-solar-panel-project/|title=DuPont Cuts Ribbon on Hawaii Solar Panel Project|first=Paul|last=Nastu|date=January 30, 2009}}
• December 2008: Sunetric, the largest solar installation company in the state,{{Cite web|url=https://www.solarpowerworldonline.com/2013/10/solar-power-world-top-25-top-solar-contractors-hawaii/|title=The Solar Power World Top 250: The Top Solar Contractors In Hawaii|date=October 1, 2013|website=Solar Power World}} completed the largest roof-mount solar power installation in Hawaii at [http://konacommons.com Kona Commons] shopping mall.{{Cite web|url=https://www.staradvertiser.com/|title=Hawaii News|website=Honolulu Star-Advertiser}}
• 2009: Sopogy completed construction on Hawaii's first concentrating solar power project. The project located at the Natural Energy Laboratories of Hawaii is a 2 MW solar thermal project interconnected into the Hawaiian Electric Industries grid under a Power Purchase Agreement.
• 2009: La Ola Solar Farm on Lanai was dedicated in January, with a design capacity of 1.5 MW (1.2 MW_AC).{{Cite web|url=https://themolokaidispatch.com/lanai-solar-farm-generating-1-5-mw/|title=Lanai Solar Farm Generating 1.5 MW | The Molokai Dispatch|date=April 27, 2012|website=themolokaidispatch.com}} After operating at 600KW due to variable cloud cover, in September 2010 Xtreme Power announced plans to incorporate their battery storage technology to bring the system up to design capacity.{{cite news| url=http://pacific.bizjournals.com/pacific/stories/2010/09/13/daily11.html | title=Castle & Cooke's Lanai solar farm getting battery boost | date=14 September 2010}} It is the first photovoltaic power plant in the world to include battery storage.{{Cite web|url=https://mauinow.com/2012/04/20/la-ola-solar-farm-now-operating-at-full-capacity/|title=Maui Now: La Ola Solar Farm Now Operating at Full Capacity|website=Maui Now | Hawaii News | La Ola Solar Farm Now Operating at Full Capacity}}
• 2011: The Kapaa Solar Farm was completed, a 1.21 MW photovoltaic array, the largest in Hawaii, and the first on the island of Kauai.{{Cite web|url=http://www.recsolar.com/sites/default/files/Kapaa%20Solar_FINAL.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120531131918/http://recsolar.com/sites/default/files/Kapaa%20Solar_FINAL.pdf|url-status=dead|title=REC Solar & KIUC Break Ground on 12 MW Anahola Solar Array | Commercial Solar Company|archive-date=May 31, 2012}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.staradvertiser.com/business/20110212_new_kauai_solar_farm_could_power_300_homes.html|title=New Kauai solar farm could power 300 homes}}[http://news.enf.cn/en/news/news_18441.html Large Solar Farm in Hawaii Opens on Kaua'i Island] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130224055103/http://news.enf.cn/en/news/news_18441.html |date=2013-02-24 }}
• 2011: Kapolei Sustainable Energy Park on Oahu, 1.18 MW [http://energy.hawaii.gov/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/EnergyFactsFigures_Jan2013.pdf Hawaii Energy Facts & Figures January 2013], State of Hawaii Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism

Hawaii State Energy Office, January 2013, accessed October 11, 2013

• 2012: Port Allen Solar Facility on Kauai, 6 MW photovoltaic array with 3 MW battery storage.{{Cite web|url=https://www.pv-tech.org/news/alexander_baldwin_completes_6mw_pv_plant_on_kauai_island|title=Alexander & Baldwin completes 6MW PV plant on Kauai island|website=PV Tech|date=2 January 2013 }}
• 2012: Pearl City Peninsula Solar, Pearl Harbor Navy Base, 1.23 MW
• 2012: Kalaeloa Solar Power II, 5 MW, a photovoltaic array on Oahu.[https://energy.hawaii.gov/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/FF_Nov2016.pdf Hawaii Energy Facts & Figures], Hawaii State Energy Office, November 2016
• 2013: Kalaeloa Renewable Energy Park, 5 MW, a photovoltaic array on Oahu.{{Cite web|url=http://dhhl.hawaii.gov/2013/03/08/five-megawatt-kalaeloa-solar-farm-now-generating-power-on-oahu/|title=Five-Megawatt Kalaeloa Solar Farm Now Generating Power on Oahu|date=March 9, 2013|website=Department of Hawaiian Home Lands}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.huntcompanies.com/files/html/files/Kalaeloa_Renewable_Energy_Research_Park_12.28.14.pdf|title=Kalaeloa Renewable Energy Park}}
• 2014: Koloa (Grove Farm) 12 MW photovoltaic array, opened in July 2014 on Kauai.[http://www.recsolar.com/press-release/rec-solar-and-kiuc-connect-hawaiis-largest-solar-project REC Solar and KIUC Connect Hawaii's Largest Solar Project][http://khon2.com/2014/09/25/kauai-dedicates-its-koloa-solar-project/ Kauai dedicates its Koloa solar project], KHON2, September 25, 2014
• 2015: Anahola, 12 MW photovoltaic array with 6 MW battery storage on Kauai, can produce 20% of Kauai's power during peak production.
• 2016: Waihonu Solar Farm North, 5MW and Waihonu Solar Farm South, 1.5 MW, Oahu[http://solarindustrymag.com/hawaii-gas-dedicates-oahus-biggest-active-solar-farm Hawaii Gas Dedicates Oahu's Biggest Active Solar Farm], Solar Industry, Joseph Bebon, August 26, 2016
• 2017: Waianae Solar, 40 MW_DC (27.6 MW_AC), Oahu{{Cite web|url=https://www.hawaiianelectric.com/hawaiian-electric-sends-six-more-oahu-solar-contracts-to-public-utilities-commission-for-approval|title=Hawaiian Electric sends six more Oahu solar contracts to Public Utilities Commission for approval}}[http://www.staradvertiser.com/2017/01/25/breaking-news/hawaiis-largest-solar-farm-goes-online-in-waianae/ Hawaii's largest solar farm goes online in Waianae], Honolulu Star-Advertiser, Kathryn Mykleseth, January 25, 2017
• 2017: Kapaia solar project, 13 MW, with 52 MWh Tesla battery, on Kauai, to provide electricity only during the evenings[http://www.utilitydive.com/news/teslas-dispatchable-solarstorage-project-in-hawaii-brought-online/437858/ Tesla's dispatchable solar+storage project in Hawaii brought online ], UtilityDive, March 13, 2017
• 2017: Waipio Solar, Pearl Harbor Navy Base, 13.3 MW_DC (11 MW_(AC))[http://www.hookelenews.com/navy-celebrates-completion-of-waipio-solar-facility/ Navy celebrates completion of Waipio solar facility], Ho'okele, May 05, 2017[https://eponline.com/articles/2016/07/25/hawaii-solar-farm.aspx?admgarea=ht.energyclimatechange Navy, Hawaiian Electric Agree to Build Solar Farm], July 25, 2016
• 2017: Aloha Solar, 5 MW_AC, at Nanakuli, Oahu[https://energy.ehawaii.gov/epd/public/energy-project-details.html?rid=11d--6d8a4789d178c2a Aloha Solar Energy Fund I Solar Project], Hawaii Renewable Energy Projects Directory, Hawaii State Energy Office
• 2018: Kihei Solar Farm, 2.9 MW, Maui[https://www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/epm_table_grapher.php?t=epmt_6_03 Table 6.3. New Utility Scale Generating Units by Operating Company, Plant, and Month, 2018], Electric Power Monthly, U.S. Energy Information Administration
• 2018: Ku'ia Solar, 2.8 MW, Maui [http://www.bizjournals.com/pacific/news/2016/02/23/hawaii-regulators-approve-large-maui-solar-farm.html Hawaii regulators approve large Maui solar farm], Duane Shimogawa, Pacific Business News, Feb 23, 2016,[http://www.mauinews.com/news/local-news/2018/10/2-more-large-scale-solar-projects-for-maui-in-contract-talks/ 2 more large-scale solar projects for Maui in contract talks], The Maui News, Oct 10, 2018
• 2019: Lāwa’i Solar (AES), 28 MW with 100 MWh storage, Kauai[http://www.hawaiinewsnow.com/2019/01/09/land-that-once-grew-sugar-cane-now-provides-renewable-energy-kauai/ Land that once grew sugar cane now provides renewable energy for Kauai], Hawaii News Now, Dillon Ancheta, January 8, 2019[https://www.pv-tech.org/news/aes-and-kiuc-break-ground-on-hawaiis-largest-solar-plus-storage-system AES and KIUC break ground on Hawaii's largest solar-plus-storage system], pv-tech, Tom Kenning, Feb 23, 2018
• 2019: Waipio Solar project, 45.9 MW, Oahu
• 2019: West Loch Solar, 20 MW, Oahu[https://www.hawaiianelectric.com/documents/about_us/news/2019/20191125_west_loch_solar_project_news_release.pdf Hawaiian Electric, U.S. Navy dedicate West Loch Solar Project], Hawaii Electric, November 25, 2019
• 2019: Kawailoa Solar project, 49 MW, Oahu
• 2019: Lanikuhana Solar, 15 MW, Oahu, with 150 sheep in an agrivoltaic project[https://www.clearwayhawaii.com/operational-projects-2/lanikuhana-solar Lanikuhana Solar], Clearway Hawaii Region, accessed May 14, 2024[https://www.hawaiianelectric.com/nrg-and-hawaiian-electric-reach-new-power-purchase-agreements-to-revive-major-solar-projects-on-oahu RG and Hawaiian Electric Reach New Power Purchase Agreements to Revive Major Solar Projects on Oahu], Maui Electric, January 1, 2017[https://www.power-eng.com/2019/09/11/three-hawaiian-solar-projects-totaling/#gref Three Hawaiian solar projects push state closer to renewable goals], Power Engineering, September 11, 2019
• 2020: Mililani Tech Solar I, 0.27MW, Oahu, first community solar project in Hawaii[https://www.hawaiinewsnow.com/2019/09/17/first-community-solar-project-planned-mililani-area/ First community solar project planned for Mililani area], Hawaii News Now, September 16, 2019
• 2021: Kekaha Solar + Storage project, Kauai, 19 MW, with 70 MWh battery storage, on U.S. Navy Missile Range facility, can operate as a separate microgrid[http://www.utilitydive.com/news/navy-developing-44-mw-solarstorage-facility-on-kauai/435984/ Navy developing 44 MW solar+storage facility on Kauai], UtilityDive, February 13, 2017[https://www.nrel.gov/news/features/2021/us-navy-kiuc-aes-and-nrel-innovate-and-collaborate-for-resilience-and-cost-effective-clean-energy-project-on-kauai.html U.S. Navy, KIUC, AES, and NREL Innovate and Collaborate for Resilience and Cost-Effective Clean Energy Project on Kauai], National Renewable Energy Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, November 16, 2021
• 2022 - Mililani I Solar, 39MW with 156MWhr storage[https://www.solarpowerworldonline.com/2022/08/clearway-completes-39-mw-solar-156-mwh-storage-project-on-oahu/ Clearway completes 39-MW solar, 156-MWh storage project on O’ahu], Solar Power World, Kelly Pickerel, August 11, 2022
• 2023: Waiawa Solar, 36 MW, Oahu with 36 MW battery
• 2023: Waikoloa Solar, 30MW with 120MWhr storage, Hawaii{{cite web |last1=Colthorpe |first1=Andy |date=4 January 2023 |title=Hawaii Island's biggest solar-plus-storage plant will soon deliver power at 9 cents/kWh |url=https://www.energy-storage.news/hawaii-islands-biggest-solar-plus-storage-plant-will-soon-deliver-power-at-9-cents-kwh/ |website=Energy Storage News}}
• 2024: West O‘ahu Solar, 12.5 MW solar and 12.5MW (50 MWh) battery
• 2024: Kūpono Solar, 42 MW + 168 MWh storage, Oahu[https://www.hawaiianelectric.com/documents/about_us/company_facts/power_facts.pdf Power Facts], Hawaii Electric, March 2024
• 2024: Kuihelani Solar, Maui , 60MW with 240MWhr storage, the largest solar farm in the state, provides 15% of Maui's electricity[https://www.staradvertiser.com/2024/06/10/breaking-news/aes-hawaii-begins-operations-of-mauis-largest-solar-facility/ AES Hawai‘i begins operations of the state’s largest solar facility], Honolulu Star Advertiser, June 10, 2024

File:Sheep living under La Ola Solar Farm on Lanai Hawaii.jpg]]

• Molokai – Pālā‘au Solar, 2.2 MW with a 10.1 MWhr battery[https://spectrumlocalnews.com/hi/hawaii/environment/2023/01/13/two-new-community-owned-solar-projects-coming-to-molokai Two new community-owned solar projects coming to Molokai], Spectrum News, Michelle Broder Van Dyke, January 13, 2023
• Molokai – Kualapu‘u Solar, 0.250 MW with a 1 MWh battery
• Oahu - Ho'ohana Solar 1, 52MW with 208MWhr storage
• Oahu - Mahi Solar and Storage, 120 MW solar + battery, expected completion 2027[https://www.hawaiianelectric.com/clean-energy-hawaii/our-clean-energy-portfolio/renewable-project-status-board Renewable Project Status Board], Hawaii Electric, June 7, 2024, accessed June 11, 2024
• Oahu - Makana La Oahu, 80 MW solar + battery, expected completion 2027
• Oahu - Waiawa Phase 2 Solar, 30 MW + 240 MWh storage
• Oahu - Mountain View Solar, 7 MW + 35 MWh storage
• Oahu - Puuloa Solar 6MW solar + battery, expected completion 2026
• Hawaii - Hale Kuawehi, 30MW with 120MWhr storage
• Hawaii - Keamuku Solar, 86 MW solar + battery, expected completion 2030
• Hawaii - Puako Solar, 60 MW, solar + battery, expected completion 2028
• Hawaii - Kaiwiki Solar, 55 MW solar + battery, expected completion 2028
• Maui - Kuihelani Phase 2 Solar, 40 MW solar + battery, expected completion 2027
• Maui - Pulehu Solar & Storage, 20 MW solar + battery, expected completion 2027

• Lanai - Lānaʻi Solar, 17.6 megawatts of solar energy with 3 MW reserved for the shared solar program, paired with a 73 megawatt-hour battery[https://www.power-grid.com/renewable-energy/off-again-on-again-microgrid-puts-a-hawaiian-solar-project-on-hold-again/#gref Off-again, on-again microgrid puts a Hawaiian solar project on hold… again], Power Grid International, October 3, 2022
• Molokai - Molokai New Energy Partners, 2.7 MW with 3 MWh battery, to be completed in 2019{{Cite web|url=https://www.hawaiinewsnow.com/story/37441560/new-solar-project-could-mean-lower-electric-bills-for-molokai-residents|title=New solar project could mean lower electric bills for Molokai residents|first=Olivia|last=Peterkin|website=hawaiinewsnow.com|date=7 February 2018 }}
• Oahu – Ka La Nui Solar Farm, 15 MW[http://www.civilbeat.com/2015/02/mapping-oahus-solar-farms/ Eight Industrial-Sized Solar Farms in the Works], Honolulu Civil Beat, Sophie Cocke, February 18, 2015
• Oahu – Waiawa Solar, 50 MW
• Oahu – Mililani South Solar Park, 20 MW[http://www.castlecooke.net/property/details.aspx?rid=96&cat=Future+Development Lana'i - Going Green] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706075121/http://www.castlecooke.net/property/details.aspx?rid=96&cat=Future+Development |date=2011-07-06 }}{{Cite web|url=http://www.staradvertiser.com/business/20101228_Castle__Cooke_gets_waiver_for_solar_farm.html|title=Castle & Cooke gets waiver for solar farm}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.castlecookehawaii.com/cms/View.aspx/Show/SustainableFuture|title=Sustainable Future}}{{Cite web|url=http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2010/May/27/ln/hawaii5270362.html|title=Hawaii's biggest solar farm proposed for Mililani fields | The Honolulu Advertiser | Hawaii's Newspaper|website=the.honoluluadvertiser.com}}
• Oahu – IC Sunshine, 5 MW{{Cite web|url=http://test-energy.ehawaii.gov/epd/public/energy-project-details.html?rid=6d-293789c1ed9863bc|title=Hawaii Renewable Energy Projects|website=test-energy.ehawaii.gov}}
• Oahu – Hoohana Solar, 20 MW

Source:{{Cite web|url=http://energy.hawaii.gov/programs/renewable-energy-projects-in-hawaii|title=Renewable Energy Projects in Hawaii}}{{cite web| url = http://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/Vital-Stats-on-the-Biggest-Solar-Project-in-Hawaii| title = Vital Stats on the Biggest Solar Project in Hawaii {{!}} Greentech Media}}

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• Wind power in Hawaii
• Energy in Hawaii
• Solar power in the United States
• Renewable energy in the United States

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• [http://hawaii.gov/dbedt/info/energy/renewable/solar Hawaii Department of Business, Economic Development & Tourism]
• [http://www.hawaiicleanenergyinitiative.org/ Hawaii Clean Energy Initiative]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20110207195213/http://hawaiisenergyfuture.com/ Hawaii's Energy Future]
• [http://hawaiienergy.com/ Hawaii Energy]
• [http://www.hsea.org Hawaii Solar Energy Association]
• [https://archive.today/20130414230357/http://www.hawaiicleanenergyinitiative.org/island-projects-new/ Map of Solar Projects]
• [http://www.solar-hawaii.org/ Solar Hawaii]
• [http://www.alternateenergyhawaii.com/history-solar-power-hawaii History of Solar Power in Hawaii Timeline]

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Category:Energy in Hawaii

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