Solar power in Ukraine

In 1985 there was {{ill|SPP-5|uk|СЕС-5}} (SES-5, 5MW), first and last build solar station in Soviet Union near town of Shcholkine in Crimea. It was stopped in 1990s and demolished afterwards.{{Cn|date=November 2024}}

In 2011, 90% of electricity came from nuclear and coal. In order to reduce this, Ukraine adopted a feed-in tariff (FIT) which was one of the highest in the world - UAH 5.0509 (EUR 0.46) per kWh. Europe's largest solar park at the time, the 100 MW Perove Solar Park (now overtaken by Nikopol solar park) was completed at the end of 2011.[https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-12-29/europe-s-biggest-solar-park-completed-with-russian-bank-debt-1-.html Europe's Biggest Solar Park Completed With Russian Bank Debt]

In 2019 DTEK inaugurated 240 MW solar plant in Ukraine.{{cite web|url=https://list.solar/news/dtek-inaugurates/|title=DTEK inaugurates 240 MW solar plant in Ukraine|author=List Solar|date=2019-11-26|website=list.solar|publisher=List Solar|access-date=2019-11-30}}

The government announced in the law on green auctions, adopted in April 2019,{{Cite web |title=Ukraine is expected to install 3 GW of solar power facilities by 2020 – IB Centre Insights |url=http://www.ibcentre.tech/en/cisolar2019-results/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190921212318/http://www.ibcentre.tech/en/cisolar2019-results/ |url-status=usurped |archive-date=September 21, 2019 |access-date=2019-09-21 |language=en-GB}} that the feed in tariffs would be replaced by an auction based quota system coming in force in 2020 for all solar PV systems greater than 1 MW,{{Cite web |title=It is right time for investment in renewable energy in Ukraine |url=https://inventure.com.ua/en/analytics/articles/it-is-right-time-for-investment-in-renewable-energy-in-ukraine |access-date=2019-09-21 |website=inventure.com.ua |language=en}} which if applied effectively could facilitate a larger and sustainable solar development in the country. Households in 2020 will still be able to obtain a green FIT tariff for systems up to 50 kW in size{{Cite web |title=Small ground SPPs will get "green" tariff back |url=https://kosatka.media/en/category/vozobnovlyaemaya-energia/news/malym-nazemnym-ses-vernuli-zelenyy-tarif |access-date=2019-09-22 |website=kosatka.media |language=ru}} which can be either rooftop or ground mounted solar systems.

File:Domestic PV installations in Ukraine.pngThe latest information about installed solar energy capacity in Ukraine, is kept up to date by the national power company Ukrenergo.{{Cite web|url=https://ua.energy/connection-map/|title=Connection map {{!}} NPC "UKRENERGO"|date=2018-06-27|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-03-09}}

• 407,9 MW SPP - is in the occupied territory of the Crimea{{cite web |url=http://saee.gov.ua/sites/default/files/Info%20elektry%60ka%20VDE.pdf |title=Інформація щодо потужності та обсягів виробництва електроенергії об'єктами відновлюваної електроенергетики, які працюють за «зеленим» тарифом (станом на 01.01.2017) |date=2017-01-01 |website=saee.gov.ua |publisher=Держенергоефективності |access-date=2018-12-06}}

Solar on residential rooftops is popular for saving on electricity bills, which rose in the mid-2020s.{{Cite web |title=Resilient and renewable - modelling Ukraine’s energy system |url=https://instrat.pl/en/projekty/pypsa-ua-2/ |access-date=2024-05-09 |website=Instrat |language=en-US}} Solar is also suitable for many small and medium-sized enterprises.{{Cite web |title=Solar business prosumers in Ukraine: Should we wait for them to appear? |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0301421523001702}} At the beginning of 2022 there was 1.2 GW of household solar, of which it is estimated 280 MW had been destroyed by the end of 2024.{{Cite web |date=2024-09-23 |title=Distributed generation and war: will it save the energy system of Ukraine |url=https://kosatka.media/en/category/blog/news/rozpodilena-generaciya-v-umovah-viyni-chi-vryatuye-energosistemu-ukrajini |access-date=2024-11-26 |website=kosatka.media |language=en}} The IEA estimate that if all (excluding north-facing) roofs had panels 290 TWh could be generated.{{Rp|page=24}}

Households in Ukraine tend on average to have larger rooftop solar PV systems than in other countries. The feed in tariff is available for larger systems and from 2020 may be up to 50 kW and can be both rooftop or ground mounted. In March 2019 the power of residential solar was an average of 21.5 kW per family.{{cite web|url=https://dzerkalo.media/news/v-ukraini-vje-mayje-1400-domogospodarstv-vstanovili-domashni-sonyachni-elektrostantsii|title=В Україні вже майже 1400 домогосподарств встановили домашні сонячні електростанції|author=|date=2019-04-26|website=dzerkalo.media|publisher=Дзеркало Медіа|access-date=2019-06-30}}

By Q3 2019 the total installed capacity of installed solar in households was 280 MW, a 100 fold increase on 2015 levels, and the investment of households in solar energy amounted to EUR 240 million. The largest residential solar systems in 2019 were installed in households in Dnipro, Ternopil and Kyiv regions (including Kyiv). These three regions account for more than a third of all households using solar energy.{{cite web |url=https://uprom.info/news/energy/za-4-roky-domogospodarstva-investuvaly-240-mln-yevro-u-sonyachnu-energetyku/ |title=За 4 роки домогосподарства інвестували 240 млн євро у сонячну енергетику |date=2019-07-30 |website=uprom.info |publisher=National Industrial Portal |access-date=2019-07-30}}

In Spring 2024 solar helped the country to export power during the daytime.{{Cite web |last=Dickinson |first=Peter |date=2024-03-12 |title=Ukraine expands EU energy exports in fresh display of wartime resilience |url=https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/ukrainealert/ukraine-expands-eu-energy-exports-in-fresh-display-of-wartime-resilience/ |access-date=2024-05-09 |website=Atlantic Council |language=en-US}}

In 2019, changes were announced to the Ukrainian energy market operations that have significant impacts on the growth and operation of large scale solar facilities in Ukraine. These include a new generous feed-in-tariff scheme{{Cite web|url=https://sk.ua/news/ukraine-changes-renewable-energy-legislation/|title=Ukraine changes renewable energy legislation|date=2020-01-23|website=Sayenko Kharenko|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-09}} and the requirement for solar energy facilities to provide their own energy generation forecasts.{{Cite web|url=https://rentechno.ua/blog/forecasting-of-pv-generation.html|title=Горизонт планирования – на сутки вперед {{!}} Рентехно|website=rentechno.ua|access-date=2020-03-09}}

The head of the Ukrainian Association of Renewable Energy, writing in 2024, said that solar farms were no longer profitable because they were being curtailed so much to stabilise the grid. He said that the grid could be made more stable by improving interconnection with other ENTSO-E countries.

Although solar farms have been attacked, they are generally more resilient than large gas and coal-fired power stations.{{Cite news |title=Half Ukraine’s power is knocked out; winter is coming |url=https://www.economist.com/europe/2024/07/15/half-ukraines-power-is-knocked-out-winter-is-coming |access-date=2024-07-16 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}} as damaged panels and transformers can be quickly replaced.{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=Amir Daftari News |date=2024-11-20 |title=Decentralized energy powers Ukraine's resilience against Russia |url=https://www.newsweek.com/decentralized-energy-powers-ukraine-against-russia-war-1988688 |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=Newsweek |language=en}} However all solar farms in the Kharkiv region are said to have been destroyed.

• Biofuel in Ukraine
• Geothermal power in Ukraine
• Hydroelectricity in Ukraine
• Wind power in Ukraine
• Renewable energy in Ukraine
• {{ill|Nikopol Solar Park|uk|Нікопольська сонячна електростанція}} - 246 MW{{cite web |url=https://www.kyivpost.com/business/dtek-chinas-cmec-sign-contract-building-200-mw-solar-plant-nikopol.html |title=DTEK and China's CMEC sign contract for building 200 MW solar plant in Nikopol |date=2018-04-06 |website=www.kyivpost.com |publisher=Kyiv Post |access-date=2018-12-03}}

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