Sosna-U

{{Short description|Belarusian/Russian tank gunner's sight}}

File:Sosna-U - TVM2012ch3p1photo043.jpg

The Sosna-U (Russian: Сосна-У, "Pine-U") is a Belarusian/Russian tank gunner's sight used on tanks such as the T-72B3, T-80BVM and T-90MS.{{Cite web |title=A new sight for the modernized T-90 |url=https://crib-blog.blogspot.com/2021/04/a-new-sight-for-modernized-t-90.html |access-date=2023-04-14 |website=A new sight for the modernized T-90}}{{Cite web |last=Axe |first=David |title=Russia Has A Design For A New Mobile Gun Vehicle. But It Doesn't Have the Parts to Build It. |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidaxe/2023/04/02/russia-has-a-design-for-a-new-mobile-gun-vehicle-but-it-doesnt-have-the-parts-to-build-it/ |access-date=2023-04-14 |website=Forbes |language=en}} It was developed in Belarus by JSC Peleng and later produced in Russia by JSC VOMZ.{{Cite web |title=Модернизированный танк Т-90С |url=https://btvt.narod.ru/5/tagil2011/2011.htm |access-date=2023-04-14 |website=btvt.narod.ru}}{{Cite web |date=2018-02-01 |title="Сосна-У" - Денис Мокрушин |url=http://twower.livejournal.com/832377.html |access-date=2023-04-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180201185115/http://twower.livejournal.com/832377.html |archive-date=2018-02-01 }} It features a daylight sight, a thermal sight and a laser rangefinder. The sight contains a built in ballistic computer which takes into account ambient temperature, temperature of the ammunition and current air pressure to calculate the trajectory of the ammunition type selected.{{Cite book |last1=Kalmykov |first1=V. |title=МНОГОКАНАЛЬНЫЙ ПРИЦЕЛ НАВОДЧИКА "СОСНА-У" |last2=Miroshnichenko |first2=A. |publisher=ВОЕННЫЙ ИНСТИТУТ(ОБЩЕВОЙСКОВОЙ) СВ ВУНЦ ОВА ВС РФ |year=2014 |pages= |language=ru}}

A major component of the Sosna-U is the Catherine-FC thermal imager which is made by the French company Thales. As Russia seeks to decrease their dependence on foreign companies, a completely indigenous alternative to the Sosna-U has been made, the PNM-T.