South Dakota Legislature

{{short description|Bicameral state legislature of South Dakota}}

{{use mdy dates|date=May 2021}}

{{Infobox legislature

| name = South Dakota Legislature

| coa_pic = SouthDakota-StateSeal.svg

| coa-pic =

| session_room = SD Capitol.jpg

| house_type = Bicameral

| houses = Senate
House of Representatives

| leader1_type = Senate President

| leader1 = Tony Venhuizen (R)

| party1 =

| election1 = January 30, 2025

| leader2_type = Senate President pro tempore

| leader2 = Chris Karr

| party2 = (R)

| election2 = January 14, 2025

| leader3_type = House Speaker

| leader3 = Jon Hansen

| party3 = (R)

| election3 = January 14, 2025

| house1 = Senate

| house2 = House

| members = 105 voting members:
35 Senators
70 Representatives

| structure1 = SDSenateMakeup.svg

| structure1_res = 250px

| structure2 = SDHouseMakeup.svg

| structure2_res = 250px

| political_groups1 = {{Color box|#ff0000|border=darkgray}} Republican (30)
{{Color box|#0000ff|border=darkgray}} Democratic (4)
{{Color box|#FFFFFF|border=darkgray}} Vacant (1)

| political_groups2 = {{Color box|#ff0000|border=darkgray}} Republican (62)
{{Color box|#0000ff|border=darkgray}} Democratic (7)
{{Color box|#FFFFFF|border=darkgray}} Vacant (1)

| last_election1 = November 5, 2024

| last_election2 = November 5, 2024

| next_election1 = November 3, 2026

| next_election2 = November 3, 2026

| meeting_place = South Dakota State Capitol
Pierre

| website = http://sdlegislature.gov/

}}

The South Dakota Legislature is the legislative branch of the government of South Dakota. It is a bicameral legislative body, consisting of the South Dakota Senate, which has 35 members, and the South Dakota House of Representatives, which has 70 members.Schoenfeld 2012, p. 13. The two houses are similar in most respects; the Senate and House hold the right to confirm gubernatorial appointments to certain offices. In addition, the Senate votes by roll call vote, whereas the larger house uses an electronic voting system.

The legislature meets at the South Dakota State Capitol in Pierre. It begins its annual session of the second Tuesday of January each year. The legislative session lasts 40 working days in odd-numbered years, and 35 days working days in even numbered years. Though, in recent years, the legislature has completed its work in 38 working days in both even numbered years as well as odd numbered years. Generally, the legislature meets for four out of every five business days each week until the session ends, excepting on the last day which is delayed to allow for consideration of gubernatorial vetoes. This schedule enables legislators to have one working day each week at home in their districts to meet with constituents as well as to tend to other personal matters. In addition, the legislature occasionally meets on Saturdays to make-up for recesses on holidays such as Presidents' Day and Martin Luther King, Jr. Day.

The legislature selects, from its membership, an executive board to tend to administrative matters during the time when the legislature is not in session. The administrative support for the legislature is provided by the South Dakota Legislative Research Council.

The Republican Party of South Dakota has held a supermajority in the state senate since the 1996 election, and in the state house since the 1976 election.{{Cite web |url=http://legis.sd.gov/docs/legsession/2014/LegislatorReferenceBook.pdf |title=South Dakota Legislator Reference Book |access-date=February 2, 2015 |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304042127/http://legis.sd.gov/docs/legsession/2014/LegislatorReferenceBook.pdf |url-status=dead }}