South Koel River

{{For|tributary of Son River, flowing through Palamu|North Koel River}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}

{{Infobox river

| name = South Koel River

ଦକ୍ଷିଣ କୋଏଲ ନଦୀ

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| image = Koel_river_Jaraikela_Orissa.png

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| image_caption = South Koel River near Jaraikela, Odisha

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| subdivision_type1 = Country

| subdivision_name1 = India

| subdivision_type2 = State

| subdivision_name2 = Jharkhand, Odisha

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| subdivision_type5 = City

| subdivision_name5 = Rourkela

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| source1_location = Lawapani Waterfalls, near Lohardaga, Chota Nagpur Plateau

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| mouth = Brahmani River, near Panposh, Rourkela

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| mouth_coordinates = {{coord|22|14|45|N|84|47|02|E|display=inline,title}}

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| tributaries_left = South Karo River

| tributaries_right = North Karo River

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South Koel River ({{langx|or|ଦକ୍ଷିଣ କୋଏଲ ନଦୀ}}; {{langx|hi|दक्षिण कोयल नदी}}) is a {{convert|285|km|mi|0}} long river which runs across Jharkhand and Odisha states in India. It originates at the Lawapani Waterfalls, near Lohardaga, Chota Nagpur Plateau {{convert|82.5|km|mi|0}} from Ranchi, and conjoins the Belsiangar and Singbhum Rivers. The Koel is fed by three streams in Jharkhand, namely the North Karo, South Karo and Koina.[https://books.google.com/books?id=u1kOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA21&dq=koel+river#PPA21,M1 A Statistical Account of Bengal by William Wilson Hunter, Hermann Michael Kisch, Andrew Wallace Mackie], The South Koel enters Odisha and joins with Sankh River at Vedavyas near Rourkela from where it is named as Brahmani.{{cite web|url = http://www.peacefulsociety.org/sj/11irnor.htm | title = Initiatives & Activities IRN-ORISSA |publisher = IRN – Kerala |access-date = 2010-04-20 }}

West Singhbhum drainage scenario

Singhbhum is drained by three river systems - Subarnarekha, Baitarani and Brahmani. The watersheds of these three systems originate near Gamharia in the Kolhan and radiate north-west, south-west and east respectively from their common, centre. These watersheds divide the Subarnarekha and its feeders from the Baitarani and its tributaries, and the latter again from the South Karo and Deo rivers, which feed the Brahmani through the South Koel.

The {{convert|1.521|km|mi|0}} long Saranda railway tunnel on the South Eastern Railway Howrah - Mumbai Main Line divides the Subarnarekha and Brahmani systems, and at this point the watershed leaves the Kolhan, continuing in a northerly direction through Porahat and finally merging in the Ranchi plateau between the Bicha and Tatkora hills. Of these three great rivers the Subarnarekha alone flows through the district. The Baitarani forms for about {{convert|12|km|mi|0}} the boundary between the Kolhan area and Keonjhar (in Odisha) while the Brahmani drains the west of the district through its tributary, the South Koel, and its feeders, the North Karo and the South Karo, and the latter of which in its turn is fed by the Deo river.{{cite web |url = http://www.jharkhandforest.com/files/Chaibasa_Introduction.pdf |title = The West Singhbhum District |access-date = 2010-04-20 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110713104524/http://www.jharkhandforest.com/files/Chaibasa_Introduction.pdf |archive-date = 2011-07-13 }}

Koel-Karo project

The Koel-Karo project is located in the Ranchi and West Singbhum districts. The 710 MW power project involves the construction of two earth dams—one {{convert|44|m|ft}} high, across the South Koel river near Basia, and the other {{convert|55|m|ft}} high, across the North Karo river near Lohajima. The two dams will be linked by a trans-basin channel, with six units of 115 MW each in the underground powerhouse at Lumpu-ngkhel and one unit of 20 MW at Raitoli. About 120 villages are to be affected, displacing over one lakh (100,000) people. About {{convert|22000|ha|acre}} of land will be submerged. Of the total land acquisition, {{convert|12000|ha|acre}} are reported to be agricultural land, while {{convert|10000|ha|acre}} comprise forests. Dispute arose over the compensation package for the displaced people and protests started in 1974 and have been continuing since then.{{cite web|url = http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/node/5025 | title =Koel Karo battles on |publisher =India Environment Portal |access-date = 2010-04-20 }} The project was finally shelved in 2003 owing to protests.

References

{{Reflist}}

{{Hydrography of Jharkhand}}

{{Hydrography of Odisha}}

{{Mahanadi Basin}}

Category:Rivers of Jharkhand

Category:Sundergarh district

Category:Rivers of Odisha

{{Orissa-geo-stub}}

{{India-river-stub}}