South Kolan

The South Kolan region is in the Wide Bay–Burnett region,{{convert|354|km|mi}} north of the state capital Brisbane and {{convert|23|km|mi}} south west of the regional city of Bundaberg. The Burnett River flows through the locality.

The neighbourhood of Birthamba is located in the north-eastern area of South Kolan ({{Coord|-24.9166|152.1833|type:city_region:AU-QLD|name=Birthamba}}); it takes its name from the former Birthamba railway station on the now closed Mount Perry railway line. Birthamba is an Aboriginal word meaning camp.{{Cite QPN|2760|Birthamba|unbounded locality in the Bundaberg Region|accessdate=15 April 2018}}

The former neighbourhood of Kalbar is located in the eastern area of South Kolan ({{Coord|-24.940|152.247|type:city_region:AU-QLD|name=Kalbar, Queensland (South Kolan)}}). Kalbar Road still bears the name. It is located in the bend of the Burnett River opposite South Bingera / Branyan.{{Cite web|url=http://www.bundaberg.qld.gov.au/gallery/v/aerial/2009/bundaberg-region/kalbar/|title=Kalbar|last=|first=|date=21 August 2009|website=Bundaberg Regional Council|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110317042623/http://www.bundaberg.qld.gov.au/gallery/v/aerial/2009/bundaberg-region/kalbar/|archive-date=17 March 2011|access-date=19 November 2019}} (This is not to be confused with the town of Kalbar (formerly Engelsburg) in the Scenic Rim Region).

The neighbourhood of Koolboo is located in the north-western area of South Kolan ({{Coord|-24.9166|152.1500|type:city_region:AU-QLD|name=Koolboo}}); it takes its name from the former Kooboo railway station on the now closed Mount Perry railway line. Koolboo is named after a local Aboriginal clan leader.{{Cite QPN|18446|Koolboo|unbounded locality in the Bundaberg Region|accessdate=15 April 2018}}

The Bundaberg-Gin Gin Road (State Route 3) runs through from east to west, and The Cedars Road exits to the south.{{google maps|url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/South+Kolan+QLD+4670/@-24.9282147,152.094784,12z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m15!1m8!3m7!1s0x6bebb9bc63ce564f:0x500eef17f210ca0!2sOakwood+QLD+4670!3b1!8m2!3d-24.8491033!4d152.3021466!16s%2Fg%2F11c3sqqpf3!3m5!1s0x6bebb1f0f7c87c1d:0x400eef17f20cd00!8m2!3d-24.9130422!4d152.1745412!16s%2Fm%2F0wbj0j5?entry=ttu |title=South Kolan, Queensland |access-date=31 October 2023}}

The name Kolan is believed to be a Kabi language word kalang meaning good.

Kolan South State School opened on 29 July 1878.{{Citation|author1=Queensland Family History Society|title=Queensland schools past and present|publication-date=2010|edition=Version 1.01|publisher=Queensland Family History Society|isbn=978-1-921171-26-0}}

In 1882, a Methodist church was established in South Kolan in the area known as Hill End. In 1903, it was replaced by a new building which was subsequently enlarged.{{Citation|author1=Methodist Church of Australasia. Bundaberg Circuit|title=Jubilee souvenir 1875-1925|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/12490177|publication-date=1925|publisher=The Church|access-date=22 June 2023|archive-date=30 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210830035355/https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/12490177|url-status=live}}

Kalbar Plantation was owned by Dr May of Bundaberg; a sugar mill was erected there in 1883.{{cite news|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article146622679|title=LOCAL NEWS.|date=9 June 1883|newspaper=Maryborough Chronicle, Wide Bay and Burnett Advertiser|accessdate=19 November 2019|issue=3,090|location=Queensland, Australia|page=2|via=National Library of Australia}}

A Union church was opened in 1884 and has been used by a number of denominations.

Kalbar Provisional School opened on 26 February 1896. On 1 January 1909, it became Kalbar State School. It closed on 15 June 1962.

The Bingera Railway Station Provisional School opened in 1907, becoming a State School in 1909. It closed in 1963.{{Cite QldSchool|accessdate=20 April 2014}}{{cite QSA Agency|6150|Bingera Railway Station State School|20 April 2014

}} It was in James Street (approx {{Coord|-24.8976|152.1940|type:edu_region:AU-QLD|name=Bingera Railway Station School (former)}}). The name refers to the nearby (former) Bingera railway station on the now-closed Mount Perry railway line, which was at the intersection of Raines Road and Ten Mile Road ({{Coord|-24.9048|152.1992|type:railwaystation_region:AU-QLD|name=Bingera railway station (former)}}).{{Cite web|date=1942|title=Queensland Two Mile series sheet 2m157|url=https://gisservices.information.qld.gov.au/arcgis/rest/directories/historicalscans/cad_scans/cad-map-2mile-qld-2m157-surv-control-1942.jpg|url-status=live|access-date=12 March 2021|publisher=Queensland Government|type=Map|archive-date=8 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210708043727/https://gisservices.information.qld.gov.au/arcgis/rest/directories/historicalscans/cad_scans/cad-map-2mile-qld-2m157-surv-control-1942.jpg}}{{Cite web|date=1952|title=Queensland Two Mile series sheet 2m157|url=https://gisservices.information.qld.gov.au/arcgis/rest/directories/historicalscans/cad_scans/cad-map-2mile-qld-2m157-admin-bdy-1952.jpg|url-status=live|archive-date=30 September 2020|publisher=Queensland Government|type=Map|access-date=22 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200930081136/https://gisservices.information.qld.gov.au/arcgis/rest/directories/historicalscans/cad_scans/cad-map-2mile-qld-2m157-admin-bdy-1952.jpg}}

St Mary's Anglican Church was dedicated on 11 March 1979 by Archbishop Felix Arnott. It closed during 1994.{{Cite web|url=https://anglicanarchives.org.au/churches/|title=Closed Churches|last=|first=|date=|website=Anglican Records and Archive Centre|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403003329/https://www.anglicanarchives.org.au/churches/|archive-date=3 April 2019|access-date=3 April 2019|df=dmy-all}}

Many properties damaged by the 2010-2011 Queensland floods and 2013 floods, which saw extensive repairs and adjustments made to the approaches of the Cedars Road Bridge Crossing.{{Cite web|last=Norton|first=Clementine|date=20 December 2010|title=Floods cut off 350 people|url=https://www.qt.com.au/news/floods-cut-350-people/726364/|access-date=2021-03-12|website=Queensland Times|language=en}}{{Cite web|date=2014-04-07|title=Road/Bridge damage on Cedar Creek Rd|url=https://cedarcreekfloods.wordpress.com/2014/04/07/roadbridge-damage-on-cedar-creek-rd/|access-date=2021-03-12|website=Cedar Creek Floods|language=en|archive-date=14 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170714121121/https://cedarcreekfloods.wordpress.com/2014/04/07/roadbridge-damage-on-cedar-creek-rd/|url-status=live}}

In the {{CensusAU|2011}}, South Kolan had a population of 1,164.{{Census 2011 AUS|id=SSC31499|name=South Kolan|accessdate=15 July 2013|quick=on}}

In the {{CensusAU|2016}}, South Kolan had a population of 1,061 people.{{Census 2016 AUS|id=SSC32618|name=South Kolan (SSC)|access-date=20 October 2018|quick=on}}

In the {{CensusAU|2021}}, South Kolan had a population of 1,258 people.{{Census 2021 AUS|id=SAL32593|name=South Kolan (SAL)|access-date=28 February 2023|quick=on}}

Industry in the district consists of cattle farming, sugar cane production and milling, and commercial fruit and vegetable production. The township, although small, has a convenience store, Kolan South State Primary School, a police station and The South Kolan Pub which also has accommodation facilities. South Kolan is also frequented by many residents of surrounding rural areas such as Pine Creek and Gin Gin.

File:Kolan South State School, 2012.jpg

Kolan South State School is a government primary (Prep-6) school for boys and girls at 2297 Gin Gin Road ({{coord|-24.9340|152.1760|type:edu_region:AU-QLD|name=Kolan South State School}}).{{cite web |date=9 July 2018 |title=State and non-state school details |url=https://data.qld.gov.au/dataset/state-and-non-state-school-details/resource/5b39065c-df32-415c-994c-5ff12f8de997 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181121065959/https://data.qld.gov.au/dataset/state-and-non-state-school-details/resource/5b39065c-df32-415c-994c-5ff12f8de997 |archive-date=21 November 2018 |access-date=21 November 2018 |publisher=Queensland Government}}{{Cite web |date=2020-11-29 |title=Kolan South State School |url=https://kolansouthss.eq.edu.au/ |access-date=2023-06-22 |website=Kolan South State School |language=en |archive-date=1 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230301074713/https://kolansouthss.eq.edu.au/ |url-status=live }} In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 124 students with 7 teachers (6 full-time equivalent) and 7 non-teaching staff (4 full-time equivalent).{{cite web |title=ACARA School Profile 2017 |url=http://www.acara.edu.au/docs/default-source/default-document-library/school-profile-20172c7b12404c94637ead88ff00003e0139.xlsx?sfvrsn=0 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181122010027/http://www.acara.edu.au/docs/default-source/default-document-library/school-profile-20172c7b12404c94637ead88ff00003e0139.xlsx?sfvrsn=0 |archivedate=22 November 2018 |accessdate=22 November 2018}} In 2018, the school had an enrolment of 112 students with 7 teachers (6 full-time equivalent) and 8 non-teaching staff (4 full-time equivalent).{{cite web |title=ACARA School Profile 2018 |url=https://www.acara.edu.au/docs/default-source/default-document-library/school-profile-2018.xlsx |access-date=28 January 2020 |publisher=Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority |archive-date=27 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200827085246/https://www.acara.edu.au/docs/default-source/default-document-library/school-profile-2018.xlsx |url-status=live }}

There are no secondary schools in South Kolan. The nearest government secondary schools are Bundaberg North State High School in Bundaberg North to the north-east and Gin Gin State High School in Gin Gin to the south-west.{{Queensland Globe|access-date=22 June 2023}}

South Kolan is home to the Mystery Craters. Discovered in 1971, the origin of the 35 oddly shaped craters has been the subject of controversy.{{cite web|title=Mystery Craters|url=http://www.bundabergregion.org/destinations/south-kolan/attractions/mystery-craters/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903092316/http://www.bundabergregion.org/destinations/south-kolan/attractions/mystery-craters/|archive-date=3 September 2014|access-date=27 August 2014|website=Bundaberg North Burnett|publisher=Tourism Queensland|df=dmy-all}}

South Kolan has a subtropical climate with wet, hot summers and mild winters.

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