Soyuz MS-25
{{Short description|2024 Russian crewed spaceflight to the ISS}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2024}}
{{Infobox spaceflight
| name = Soyuz MS-25
| image = Soyuz MS-25 in a stream of aurora.jpg
| image_caption = Soyuz MS-25 illuminated by an aurora
| names_list = ISS 71S
| mission_type = ISS crew transport
| operator = Roscosmos
| COSPAR_ID =
| SATCAT =
| mission_duration = {{time interval|23 March 2024 12:36:10|23 September 2024, 11:59:04|show=dhms}}
| distance_travelled = {{cvt|78000000|mi|order=flip}}{{Cite web |last=Doyle |first=Tiernan P. |date=23 September 2024 |title=NASA Astronaut Tracy C. Dyson, Crewmates Return from Space Station |url=https://www.nasa.gov/news-release/nasa-astronaut-tracy-c-dyson-crewmates-return-from-space-station/ |access-date=23 September 2024 |website=NASA |language=en-US}}
| spacecraft = Soyuz MS-25 No. 756
| spacecraft_type = Soyuz MS
| manufacturer = Energia
| launch_mass = {{cvt|7152|kg}}{{Cite web |last=Zak |first=Anatoly |date=September 11, 2024 |title=Soyuz MS-26 lifts off |url=https://www.russianspaceweb.com/soyuz-ms-26.html |access-date=2024-12-02 |website=RussianSpaceWeb.com}}
| landing_mass =
| launch_date = {{Start date text|23 March 2024, 12:36:10|timezone=yes}}{{nbsp}}UTC{{Cite news |last=Pearlman |first=Robert Z. |date=23 March 2024 |title=Flight attendant becomes 1st Belarusian in space on ISS-bound Soyuz launch |url=https://www.space.com/soyuz-ms-25-launch-international-space-station |access-date=23 March 2024 |website=Space.com |language=en}}
| launch_rocket = Soyuz-2.1a No. 15000-066
| launch_site = Baikonur, Site 31/6
| launch_contractor = RKTs Progress
| landing_date = {{End date text|23 September 2024, 11:59:04|timezone=yes}}{{nbsp}}UTC{{Cite web |title=Spaceflight mission report Soyuz MS-25 |url=http://spacefacts.de/mission/english/soyuz-ms-25.htm |access-date=23 September 2024 |website=spacefacts.de}}
| landing_site = Kazakh Steppe, Kazakhstan ({{coord|47|21|00|N|69|38|00|E}})
| crew_size = 3
| crew_members = Tracy Caldwell Dyson
| crew_launching = {{Ubl|Oleg Novitsky|Maryna Vasileuskaya}}
| crew_landing = {{Ubl|Oleg Kononenko|Nikolai Chub}}
| crew_callsign = Kazbek
| orbit_reference = Geocentric orbit
| orbit_regime = Low Earth orbit
| orbit_inclination = 51.66°
| apsis = gee
| docking = {{Infobox spaceflight/Dock
| docking_target = ISS
| docking_type = dock
| docking_port = Prichal nadir
| docking_date = 25 March 2024, 15:02:51{{nbsp}}UTC
| undocking_date = 23 September 2024, 08:36:30{{nbsp}}UTC
| time_docked = {{time interval|25 March 2024 15:02:51|23 September 2024, 08:36:30|show=dhms}}
}}
| insignia = File:Soyuz MS-25 mission patch.png File:Soyuz MS-25 mission landing patch.png
| insignia_caption = Mission patches: launch (left) and landing (right)
| crew_photo = File:Expedition 71 Press Conference (NHQ202403200036).jpg
File:Soyuz MS-25 landing crew 2.jpg
| crew_photo_caption = Top: launching crew, from left: Dyson, Novitsky, and Vasileuskaya
Bottom: landing crew, from left: Kononenko, Chub, and Dyson
| programme = Soyuz programme
| previous_mission = Soyuz MS-24
| next_mission = Soyuz MS-26
}}
Soyuz MS-25, Russian production No. 756 and identified by NASA as Soyuz 71S, was a Russian crewed Soyuz spaceflight from Baikonur Cosmodrome to the International Space Station.{{cite web |url=https://kosmodrom.space/raspisanie-zapuskov |title=Космодром Байконур |trans-title=Baikonur Cosmodrome |access-date=12 December 2023}}{{Cite web |title=Next year's Russian manned missions to ISS due in March, September |url=https://tass.com/science/1699977}}
Crew
MS-25 saw was the first launch of two women, Tracy Caldwell-Dyson from the United States and Maryna Vasileuskaya from Belarus,{{Cite web |title=Belarusian female astronaut to go ISS in March 2024 — Roscosmos |url=https://tass.com/science/1624689 |access-date=30 May 2023 |website=TASS}} aboard a Soyuz spacecraft. MS-25 also saw the launch of two people from Belarus, as the mission commander, Oleg Novitsky was born in Chervyen, when it was part of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic.
{{Spaceflight crew
|crew = prime
|terminology = crew member
|position1 = Commander
|crew1_up = {{Flagicon|RUS}} Oleg Novitsky
|agency1_up = Roscosmos
|expedition1_up = 21st Visiting Expedition
|flights1_up = Fourth
|crew1_down = {{Flagicon|RUS}} Oleg Kononenko
|agency1_down = Roscosmos
|expedition1_down = Expedition 69/70/71
|flights1_down = Fifth
|position2 = Spaceflight Participant/ Flight Engineer
|crew2_up = {{Flagicon|BLR}} Maryna Vasileuskaya
|agency2_up = Belarus Space Agency
|expedition2_up = 21st Visiting Expedition
|flights2_up = First
|crew2_down = {{Flagicon|RUS}} Nikolai Chub
|agency2_down = Roscosmos
|expedition2_down = Expedition 69/70/71
|flights2_down = First
|position3 = Flight Engineer
|crew3_up = {{Flagicon|USA}} Tracy Caldwell-Dyson
|agency3_up = NASA
|flights3_up = Third
|expedition3_up = Expedition 70/71
}}
{{Spaceflight crew
|crew = backup
|position1 = Commander
|crew1_up = {{Flagicon|RUS}} Ivan Vagner
|agency1_up = Roscosmos
|position2 = Spaceflight participant
|crew2_up = {{Flagicon|BLR}} Anastasia Lenkova
|agency2_up = Belarus Space Agency
|position3 = Flight Engineer
|crew3_up = {{Flagicon|USA}} Donald Pettit
|agency3_up = NASA
}}
Flight
File:Expedition 71 Soyuz Rollout (NHQ202403180025).jpg
It was originally scheduled for launch on 21 March 2024, but due to a voltage drop in one of the power generators, the launch was aborted.{{Cite web |date=21 March 2024 |title=Soyuz MS-25 Launch Scrubbed |url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacestation/2024/03/21/soyuz-ms-25-launch-scrubbed/ |access-date=29 March 2024 |website=NASA}} The second launch attempt on 23 March 2024 was successful.
Caldwell-Dyson spent approximately six months aboard the International Space Station. Novitsky and Vasileuskaya of Belarus spent approximately 13 days aboard the orbital complex as a part of 21st ISS visiting expedition before returning aboard Soyuz MS-24.{{Cite web |last=O'Shea |first=Claire |date=15 September 2023 |title=NASA Astronaut Tracy C. Dyson Receives Third Space Station Assignment |url=http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-astronaut-tracy-c-dyson-receives-third-space-station-assignment |access-date=19 September 2023 |website=NASA}}
Undocking and Return
At the end of Expedition 71, Caldwell-Dyson returned to Earth on Soyuz MS-25 with Roscosmos cosmonauts Oleg Kononenko and Nikolai Chub on 23 September 2024. They arrived with NASA astronaut Loral O'Hara on Soyuz MS-24 on 15 September 2023. O'Hara returned to Earth on MS-24 with Novitsky and Vasileuskaya.{{Cite web |date=10 September 2023 |title=Better Late Than Never: New ISS Crew Prepares to Fly, All-Female EVAs Possible in October |url=https://www.americaspace.com/2023/09/10/better-late-than-never-new-iss-crew-prepares-to-fly-all-female-evas-possible-in-october/ |access-date=19 September 2023 |website=www.americaspace.com}} Kononenko and Chub remained aboard the orbital laboratory for a year. As the mission lasted 374 days, Kononenko spent a total of 1,111 days in space by the time he returned to Earth. He broke the world record of 878 days in space held by Gennady Padalka on February 4, 2024 at 07:30:08 UTC. He later became the first person to stay 900, 1,000, and 1,100 days in space on 25 February 2024, 4 June 2024, and 12 September 2024 respectively.{{Cite web |date=2024-02-04 |title=Russian cosmonaut sets new record for most total time in space — more than 878 days |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-02-04/cosmonaut-oleg-kononenko-soyuz-ms-24-iss-space-time-record/103425860 |access-date=2024-02-04 |website=ABC |language=en |archive-date=2024-02-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240204120144/https://amp.abc.net.au/article/103425860 |url-status=live }}
References
{{NASA|url=https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-astronaut-tracy-c-dyson-receives-third-space-station-assignment/|article=NASA Astronaut Tracy C. Dyson Receives Third Space Station Assignment}}
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