Spiraxidae
{{Short description|Family of gastropods}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Euglandina rosea.jpg
| image_caption = A live individual of Euglandina rosea
| taxon = Spiraxidae
| authority = H. B. Baker, 1939
| type_genus = Spiraxis
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision = See text
| synonyms =
| diversity_link =
| diversity =
over 260 species in Central America + some more in South America
}}
Spiraxidae is a family of predatory air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropods in the superfamily Testacelloidea (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).
Distribution
The distribution of this family is Neotropical.
Taxonomy
= 2005 taxonomy =
The family Spiraxidae is classified within the informal group Sigmurethra, itself belonging to the clade Stylommatophora within the clade Eupulmonata (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).
The family Spiraxidae consists of the following subfamilies:
- Spiraxinae H. B. Baker, 1939
- Micromeninae Schileyko, 2000
= 2010 taxonomy =
Thompson (2010){{Cite journal
| last1 = Thompson | first1 = F. G.
| title = Four species of land snails from Costa Rica and Panama (Pulmonata: Spiraxidae)
| journal = Revista de Biología Tropical
| volume = 58
| issue = 1
| pages = 195–202
| year = 2010
| pmid = 20411717
| doi=10.15517/rbt.v58i1.5204
| url = https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/download/5204/5004
| doi-access = free
}}, [http://www.ots.ac.cr/tropiweb/attachments/volumes/vol58-1/15-Thompson-land-snails-costa-rica-panama.pdf PDF] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629182603/http://www.ots.ac.cr/tropiweb/attachments/volumes/vol58-1/15-Thompson-land-snails-costa-rica-panama.pdf |date=2011-06-29 }}. redefined subfamilies in the Spiraxidae, moving Euglandininae and Streptostylinae to become subfamilies of Spiraxidae. According to their work, there are three subfamilies within the Spiraxidae:
- Spiraxinae H. B. Baker, 1939 - including Micromena
- Euglandininae H. B. Baker, 1941
- Streptostylinae H. B. Baker, 1941
Apparently this system of classification is not universally accepted, as Fauna Europaea uses different systematics for the subfamily Euglandininae, still placing it within the family Oleacinidae.[https://web.archive.org/web/20121014122259/http://www.faunaeur.org/full_results.php?id=429912 "Poiretia P. Fischer 1883"]. Fauna Europaea, accessed 17 January 2011.
Genera
Genera in the family Spiraxidae include:
Subfamily Spiraxinae include seven genera:
- Mayaxis Thompson, 1995
- Micromena H. B. Baker, 1939 - this was the type genus of the subfamily Micromeninae
- Miraradula Baker, 1939
- Pseudosubulina Strebel & Pfeffer, 1882
- Rectaxis Baker, 1926
- Spiraxis C. B. Adams, 1850 - type genus of family Spiraxidae
- Volutaxis Strebel & Pfeffer, 1882
Subfamily Euglandininae
- Euglandina Crosse & P. Fischer, 1870 - type genus of the subfamily Euglandininae{{Bouchet 2005}}
- Guillarmodia H. B. Baker, 1941Thompson F. G. (16 June 2008). [http://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/malacology/mexico-central_america_snail_checklist/index.htm "AN ANNOTATED CHECKLIST AND BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE LAND AND FRESHWATER SNAILS OF MEXICO AND CENTRAL AMERICA"]. [http://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/malacology/mexico-central_america_snail_checklist/part4.htm "PART 4 PULMONATA (ACHATINOIDEA-SAGDOIDEA)"]. accessed 14 January 2011.
- Pittieria von Martens, 1901
- Poiretia Fischer, 1883
- Varicoglandina Pilsbry, 1908
- Varicoturris Pilsbry, 1907
Subfamily Streptostylinae
- Myxastyla Thompson, 1995
- Oryzosoma Pilsbry, 1891
- Salasiella Strebel, 1877
- Strebelia Crosse & Fischer, 1868
- Streptostyla Shuttleworth, 1852 - type genus of the subfamily Streptostylinae
Ecology
These land snails are carnivorous and predatory.