Sratsimir dynasty
{{Short description|Bulgarian royal dynasty (1331-1422)}}
{{Royal house|
| surname = House of Sratsimir
| native_name = Срацимир
| coat of arms = File:Stratemirovic Coat of Arms.jpg
| coat_of_arms_caption = Coat of arms according to the 14th-century German Miltenberger Wappenbuch
| country = Second Bulgarian Empire
Tsardom of Vidin
| parent house = Asen dynasty (matrilineal)
Shishman dynasty (matrilineal)
| titles = Emperor of Bulgaria
Patriarch of Constantinople
Despot of Valona
Count of Temes
| founder = Sratsimir
| final ruler = Constantine II
| final_head = Durma Shishman (last known)
| current head =
| founding year = Prior to 1330
| dissolution = 16th century
| deposition = 1422
| cadet branches =
}}
The House of Sratsimir or Sracimir ({{Langx|bg|Срацимир}}), also referred to as the Sratsimirovtsi ({{langx|bg|Срацимировци}}), was a medieval Bulgarian dynasty which became the last ruling house of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1331–1422). The Stratsimir dynasty was matrilineally descended from the previous Bulgarian royal houses of Asen and Shishman.{{Cite journal |last=Mladjov |first=Ian |date=2015 |title=Monarchs' Names and Numbering in the Second Bulgarian State |url=http://cejsh.icm.edu.pl/cejsh/element/bwmeta1.element.ojs-doi-10_18778_2084-140X_05_09 |journal=Studia Ceranea |volume=5 |pages=267–310 |doi=10.18778/2084-140X.05.09 |hdl-access=free |hdl=11089/18406}} After its deposition following the Ottoman conquest of Bulgaria, princes of the Sratsimir dynasty survived in exile in the neighbouring Kingdom of Hungary until at least the second half of the 16th century.{{Cite web |last=Епицентър |title=Кой е Фружин, чието име се появи на оръжието на атентатора от Нова Зеландия |url=https://epicenter.bg:443/article/Koy-e-Fruzhin--chieto-ime-se-poyavi-na-orazhieto-na-atentatora-ot-Nova-Zelandiya-/177717/11/61 |access-date=2023-04-09 |website=Epicenter |language=bg}}
Family tree
- Sratsimir, despot, married to Keratsa Petritsa (sister of Michael Asen III)
- Ivan Alexander, Bulgarian emperor (1331–1371)
- Michael Asen IV, Bulgarian junior co-emperor
- Ivan Asen IV, Bulgarian junior co-emperor
- Ivan Sratsimir, Bulgarian emperor in Vidin (1356–c. 1397)
- Constantine II, Bulgarian emperor in Vidin (c. 1397–1422)
- Dorothea, Queen of Bosnia, married Tvrtko I of Bosnia{{Cite book |last=Preveden |first=Francis Ralph |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1KJnAAAAMAAJ |title=A History of the Croatian People from Their Arrival on the Shores of the Adriatic to the Present Day: With Some Account of the Gothic, Roman, Greek, Illyrian, and Prehistoric Periods of the Ancient Illyricum and Pannonia |date=1955 |publisher=Philosophical Library |pages=81 |language=en}}
- (→ Kotromanić dynasty)
- Ivan Shishman, Bulgarian emperor in Tarnovo (1371–1395)
- Alexander{{cite book |last=Божилов |first=Иван |title=Фамилията на Асеневци (1186–1460). Генеалогия и просопография |publisher=Издателство на Българската академия на науките |year=1994 |isbn=954-430-264-6 |location=София |pages=191–192, 229, 235, 241 |language=Bulgarian |trans-title=The Family of the Asens (1186–1460). Genealogy and Prosopography}}
- Joseph II, Patriarch of Constantinople (1416–1439){{Cite book |last=Magoulias |first=Harry J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rPkcAAAAYAAJ |title=Decline and Fall of Byzantium to the Ottoman Turks, by Doukas. An Annotated Translation of Historia Turco-Byzantina |date=1975 |publisher=Wayne State University Press |isbn=978-0-8143-1540-8 |pages=299, n. 201 |language=en}}
- Fruzhin, claimant Bulgarian emperor (1422–1460), Count of Temes{{cite book |last=Бакалов |first=Георги |title=Електронно издание – История на България |author2=Милен Куманов |publisher=Труд, Сирма |year=2003 |isbn=954528613X |location=София |language=Bulgarian |chapter=Фружин (неизв.-около 1460)}}
- Shishman{{Cite web |last=Асенов |first=Веселин |date=2018-11-08 |title=Потомците на Фружин – наследниците на изгубения трон |url=https://bulgarianhistory.org/fruzhin-potomci/ |access-date=2023-04-09 |website=Българска история |language=bg-BG}}
- Mihul (Michael) Bozyasi ({{Floruit}} 1463)
- Istvan (Stephen) Bosyazi ({{Floruit}} 1463–1464)
- Sandrin (Alexander) Shishman ({{Floruit}} 1464–1467), commander of Severin
- Philip Shishman
- Istvan Shishman (16th century)
- Radoslav Shishman (16th century; {{Floruit}} 1515)
- Vladislav Shishman (16th century)
- Ferenc Shishman (died 1550)
- Durma Shishman de Gattaya (second half of the 16th century)
- Stoyan ({{Floruit}} 1454)
- Stoyko ({{Floruit}} 1454)
- Stanislav ({{Floruit}} 1454)
- Daughters
- {{Interlanguage link|Keratsa (daughter of Ivan Shishman)|lt=Keratsa|bg|Кераца Шишманина}}
- Ivan Asen V, Bulgarian junior co-emperor
- Kera Tamara,{{cite journal |last=Czamańska |first=Ilona |date=2013 |title=Chrześcijańskie małżonki sułtanów tureckich. Małżeństwa polityczne w imperium osmańskim XIV i XV wieku |url=http://pressto.amu.edu.pl/index.php/bp/article/view/1734/1701 |journal=Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et Studia |volume=20 |page=53 |doi=10.14746/bp.2013.20.5 |access-date=27 July 2015 |doi-access=free}} married a "despot Constantine"; later part of the harem of Ottoman sultan Murad I
- Desislava{{cite book |last1=Crampton |first1=R. J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ekgD2bZoXe4C&dq=Ivan+Alexander%2C+Bulgaria&pg=PA27 |title=A Concise History of Bulgaria |date=24 November 2005 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9781139448239 |language=en}}
- {{Interlanguage link|Vasilisa of Bulgaria|lt=Vasilisa|bg|Василиса (българска_княгиня)}}
- Helena, Empress of Serbia, married Stefan Dušan of Serbia{{Cite book |last=Palairet |first=Michael |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eib5DAAAQBAJ |title=Macedonia: A Voyage through History (Vol. 1, From Ancient Times to the Ottoman Invasions) |date=2016 |publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing |isbn=978-1-4438-8843-1 |pages=330 |language=en}}
- (→ Nemanjić dynasty)
- John Komnenos Asen, Despot of Valona (c. 1345–1363){{Cite book |last=Nicol |first=Donald M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XIj0FfKto9AC |title=The Despotate of Epiros 1267-1479: A Contribution to the History of Greece in the Middle Ages |date=1984 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-26190-6 |pages=128 |language=en}}
- Alexander Komnenos Asen, Despot of Valona (c. 1363–1371){{Cite book |last=Fine |first=John V. A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LvVbRrH1QBgC |title=The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest |date=1994 |publisher=University of Michigan Press |isbn=978-0-472-08260-5 |pages=347, 389–390 |language=en}}
- Daughter, married Balša II
- (→ Balšić noble family)
- Michael
- {{Interlanguage link|Theodora (daughter of Sratsimir)|lt=Theodora|bg|Теодора (сестра на цар Иван Александър)}}
Later claims
Two later Bulgarian rebels during the Ottoman period, Ivan Shishman II (1598) and Rostislav Stratimirovic (1686) claimed descent from the Sratsimir dynasty, though their genealogies are unverified.