St John Harmsworth
{{short description|English businessman}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox person
| name = St John Harmsworth
| image = William Albert St John Harmsworth.jpg
| caption =
| birth_name = William Albert St John Harmsworth
| birth_date = 19 May 1876
| birth_place = St John's Wood, London, England
| death_date = 4 May 1933
| death_place = Vergèze, France
| nationality = English
| alma_mater = Christ Church, Oxford
| known_for = Transformed Perrier mineral water into a global brand
| boards = Amalgamated Press
| parents = Alfred Harmsworth
Geraldine Maffett
| relations = Alfred Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Northcliffe
Harold Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Rothermere
Cecil Harmsworth, 1st Baron Harmsworth
Sir Leicester Harmsworth, 1st Baronet
Sir Hildebrand Harmsworth, 1st Baronet
(all brothers)
}}
William Albert St John Harmsworth (May 19, 1876 – May 4, 1933) was an English businessman who bought and established the fledgling Perrier brand of sparkling mineral water in France, designed its distinctive bulbous green bottle, and made it a huge success in the British Empire.
Early life
Harmsworth was born in May 1876 in St John's Wood, London, the seventh son of Alfred Harmsworth (1837–1889), a barrister, and his wife, Geraldine Maffett. His elder brothers were Alfred Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Northcliffe, Harold Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Rothermere, Cecil Harmsworth, 1st Baron Harmsworth, Sir Leicester Harmsworth, 1st Baronet, and Sir Hildebrand Harmsworth, 1st Baronet.
He graduated from Christ Church, Oxford, with a BA and was a director of the Amalgamated Press (founded by his brother, Alfred). He was a member of the Sylvan Debating Club, which was founded by his father.
Career
At the age of 27, when travelling in the south of France, Harmsworth met Dr Louis Perrier, a local doctor, who had bought a spring in 1898 in nearby Vergèze, and was operating a commercial spa and bottling the water for sale. Perrier was in dire need of investment, and showed Harmsworth the spring, which he then bought into, becoming the sole owner within two years, selling his share in the Daily Mail to raise the funds. He closed the spa and focused on bottling the water, renaming the spring Source Perrier.{{cite magazine| url = https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2004/11/29/8192716/index.htm| title = Troubled waters at perrier| magazine = Fortune| accessdate = 11 November 2016| author = Tomlinson, Richard| date = 29 November 2004}}{{cite news|author=Anthony Peregrine|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/europe/france/articles/How-the-British-invented-France/ |title=How the British invented France |newspaper=The Telegraph|date=5 March 2014|accessdate=11 November 2016}}{{cite web|title=The Ultimate Refreshment|url=http://www.nestle-watersna.com/asset-library/Documents/p_eng_esp.pdf|website=Nestle|accessdate=10 November 2016}}
In 1906, he was injured in a motor accident on the Great North Road, near Hatfield in Hertfordshire, when his chauffeur missed the road in the darkness whilst travelling at high speed; Harmsworth was paralysed from the waist down for the rest of his life.{{cite book|author=Bourne, Richard |title=Lords of Fleet Street: The Harmsworth Dynasty|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Yx4-CgAAQBAJ&pg=PT69 |year=2015 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-40387-6 |page=69}} He based the shape of the distinctive bulbous green Perrier bottle, which he designed, on the Indian clubs that he used for exercise following his accident.{{cite book|author1=Philip E. LaMoreaux|author2=Judy T. Tanner|title=Springs and Bottled Waters of the World: Ancient History, Source, Occurrence, Quality and Use|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K6IRBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA108|date=6 December 2012|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-3-642-56414-7|page=108}}
The Perrier sparkling mineral water was a great success across the British Empire, and in 1905, Harmsworth received a Royal Warrant. At that time, the water was "better known in London, Delhi and Singapore than in Paris".[http://www.nestle.com/investors/brand-focus/perrier-focus Perrier.] Nestle. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
Personal life
Harmsworth's house, Les Bouillens, which was next to the Perrier factory, is now a museum about the Perrier brand.{{cite web|url=http://www.beveragedaily.com/Manufacturers/Perrier-in-Pictures-Touring-Nestle-Water-s-Vergeze-site-as-the-brand-celebrates-150-years/(page)/2 |title=Perrier in Pictures: Touring Nestle Water's Vergèze site |publisher=Beveragedaily.com |date= 12 December 2013|accessdate=11 November 2016}} He also had houses at 7, Hyde Park Terrace, London, and "Pilots Point", Totland Bay, on the Isle of Wight.[https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/34020/page/790 "Re William Albert St. John Harmsworth, Deceased."] The London Gazette, 2 February 1934, p. 790. Retrieved 11 November 2016.
References
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Category:Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford
Category:People from St John's Wood